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Genes
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Discovery and Exploration of Functional Genes in Oil Crops
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Discovery and Exploration of Functional Genes in Oil Crops

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 September 2022) | Viewed by 7439

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Dengfeng Hong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
Interests: rapeseed; seed trait; glucosinolate content; moleclar breeding
Prof. Dr. Liezhao Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
Interests: rapeseed; stress response; agronomic traits; gene function
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Oil crops provide not only vegetable oil but also valuable protein feed worldwide. Moreover, oil crops have become part of an important approach to increase the income of those in poverty living in rural regions of developing countries. Therefore, accelerated gain in the genetic improvement of oil crops is expected to meet the increasing demand. With the release of more and more high-quality genome sequences and the application of comprehensive approaches for gene identification, significant progress in gene exploration has been achieved in recent years in oil crops and some favourable alleles of functional genes have been extensively utilized in breeding by design. This Special Issue will exhibit recent findings and call for reviews and research articles that include the identification and exploration of novel genes (quantitative trait loci) associated with major breeding objectives, including seed yield, seed quality, plant architecture, and resistance to biotic or abiotic stress in oil crops. Related fields are also welcome, such as the application of new techniques (genome editing) and molecular breeding by design of these functional genes in oil crops.

Prof. Dr. Dengfeng Hong
Prof. Dr. Liezhao Liu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Genes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oil crops
  • seed yield
  • seed quality
  • resistance to biotic or abiotic stress
  • resistance to abiotic stress plant architecture
  • genome editing
  • molecular breeding

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 1130 KiB  
Article
CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Editing of BnFAD2 and BnFAE1 Modifies Fatty Acid Profiles in Brassica napus
by Jianghua Shi, Xiyuan Ni, Jixiang Huang, Ying Fu, Tanliu Wang, Huasheng Yu and Yaofeng Zhang
Genes 2022, 13(10), 1681; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13101681 - 20 Sep 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2391
Abstract
Fatty acid (FA) composition determines the quality of oil from oilseed crops, and thus is a major target for genetic improvement. FAD2 (Fatty acid dehydrogenase 2) and FAE1 (fatty acid elongase 1) are critical FA synthetic genes, and have [...] Read more.
Fatty acid (FA) composition determines the quality of oil from oilseed crops, and thus is a major target for genetic improvement. FAD2 (Fatty acid dehydrogenase 2) and FAE1 (fatty acid elongase 1) are critical FA synthetic genes, and have been the focus of genetic manipulation to alter fatty acid composition in oilseed plants. In this study, to improve the nutritional quality of rapeseed cultivar CY2 (about 50% oil content; of which 40% erucic acid), we generated novel knockout plants by CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing of BnFAD2 and BnFAE1 genes. Two guide RNAs were designed to target one copy of the BnFAD2 gene and two copies of the BnFAE1 gene, respectively. A number of lines with mutations at three target sites of BnFAD2 and BnFAE1 genes were identified by sequence analysis. Three of these lines showed mutations in all three target sites of the BnFAD2 and BnFAE1 genes. Fatty acid composition analysis of seeds revealed that mutations at all three sites resulted in significantly increased oleic acid (70–80%) content compared with that of CY2 (20%), greatly reduced erucic acid levels and slightly decreased polyunsaturated fatty acids content. Our results confirmed that the CRISPR/Cas9 system is an effective tool for improving this important trait. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery and Exploration of Functional Genes in Oil Crops)
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19 pages, 5144 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Analysis of the Type-B Authentic Response Regulator Gene Family in Brassica napus
by Jin-Jin Jiang, Na Li, Wu-Jun Chen, Yue Wang, Hao Rong, Tao Xie and You-Ping Wang
Genes 2022, 13(8), 1449; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13081449 - 15 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1862
Abstract
The type-B authentic response regulators (type-B ARRs) are positive regulators of cytokinin signaling and involved in plant growth and stress responses. In this study, we used bioinformatics, RNA-seq, and qPCR to study the phylogenetic and expression pattern of 35 type-B ARRs in Brassica [...] Read more.
The type-B authentic response regulators (type-B ARRs) are positive regulators of cytokinin signaling and involved in plant growth and stress responses. In this study, we used bioinformatics, RNA-seq, and qPCR to study the phylogenetic and expression pattern of 35 type-B ARRs in Brassica napus. The BnARRs experienced gene expansion and loss during genome polyploidization and were classified into seven groups. Whole-genome duplication (WGD) and segmental duplication were the main forces driving type-B ARR expansion in B. napus. Several BnARRs with specific expression patterns during rapeseed development were identified, including BnARR12/14/18/23/33. Moreover, we found the type-B BnARRs were involved in rapeseed development and stress responses, through participating in cytokinin and ABA signaling pathways. This study revealed the origin, evolutionary history, and expression pattern of type-B ARRs in B. napus and will be helpful to the functional characterization of BnARRs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery and Exploration of Functional Genes in Oil Crops)
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19 pages, 4917 KiB  
Article
Bulk RNA-Seq Analysis Reveals Differentially Expressed Genes Associated with Lateral Branch Angle in Peanut
by Naveed Ahmad, Lei Hou, Junjie Ma, Ximeng Zhou, Han Xia, Mingxiao Wang, Soraya Leal-Bertioli, Shuzhen Zhao, Ruizheng Tian, Jiaowen Pan, Changsheng Li, Aiqin Li, David Bertioli, Xingjun Wang and Chuanzhi Zhao
Genes 2022, 13(5), 841; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13050841 - 8 May 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2547
Abstract
Lateral branch angle (LBA), or branch habit, is one of the most important agronomic traits in peanut. To date, the underlying molecular mechanisms of LBA have not been elucidated in peanut. To acquire the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to LBA, a TI [...] Read more.
Lateral branch angle (LBA), or branch habit, is one of the most important agronomic traits in peanut. To date, the underlying molecular mechanisms of LBA have not been elucidated in peanut. To acquire the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to LBA, a TI population was constructed through the hybridization of a bunch-type peanut variety Tifrunner and prostrate-type Ipadur. We report the identification of DEGs related to LBA by sequencing two RNA pools, which were composed of 45 F3 lines showing an extreme opposite bunch and prostrate phenotype. We propose to name this approach Bulk RNA-sequencing (BR-seq) as applied to several plant species. Through BR-seq analysis, a total of 3083 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 13 gravitropism-related DEGs, 22 plant hormone-related DEGs, and 55 transcription factors-encoding DEGs. Furthermore, we also identified commonly expressed alternatively spliced (AS) transcripts, of which skipped exon (SE) and retained intron (RI) were most abundant in the prostrate and bunch-type peanut. AS isoforms between prostrate and bunch peanut highlighted important clues to further understand the post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of branch angle regulation. Our findings provide not only important insights into the landscape of the regulatory pathway involved in branch angle formation but also present practical information for peanut molecular breeding in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery and Exploration of Functional Genes in Oil Crops)
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