Contaminant Migration Processes in the Environment

A special issue of Geosciences (ISSN 2076-3263). This special issue belongs to the section "Geochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2019) | Viewed by 3271

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Department of Environment, Avenida Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: materials chemistry; water quality; nanomaterials; minerals; materials Science; nanoparticles; adsorption; material characterization; radioactive contamination; radioactive waste

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The main goal of this Special Issue of Geosciences is to bring together novel experimental and theoretical studies on contaminant retention and migration in the environment.

The threat that contaminant migration, from polluted sites or waste disposals, may cause to the environment and public health is a problem of concern. Thus, the detailed analysis of all the factors that render toxic substances (such as heavy metals, radionuclides or other pollutants) more mobile and more likely to reach the biosphere is the basis for minimising the associated risks and assessing any management decision.

Nevertheless, the movement of contaminants in the environment is complex and difficult to predict, because it depends on many factors, amongst them: Their interactions with the solid materials present (soils, sediments, rocks, etc.), the chemistry of the surrounding waters, as well as the presence of organic/inorganic ligands or colloids. Additionally, the hydrodynamics of the system and available flow-paths are crucial in transport processes. Thus, predicting the fate of contaminants in different scenarios is a challenging objective of scientific research.

This Special Issue will cover, in a comprehensive way, all those studies which aim to obtain a solid knowledge of the main processes controlling contaminant behaviour under different environmental conditions. Topics included will also be: (1) Thermodynamic modelling of retention processes; (2) reactive transport modelling; (3) evaluation of competitive/synergetic processes affecting contaminant retention; (4) kinetics and (ir)reversibility of retention processes; (5) effects of physicochemical heterogeneities; and (6) transferability of laboratory data to real systems.

Dr. Tiziana Missana
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

32 pages, 10212 KiB  
Article
Use of Paleoflood Deposits to Determine the Contribution of Anthropogenic Trace Metals to Alluvial Sediments in the Hyperarid Rio Loa Basin, Chile
by Jerry R. Miller, Danvey Walsh and Lionel F. Villarroel
Geosciences 2019, 9(6), 244; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9060244 - 31 May 2019
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2996
Abstract
Toxic trace metals are a common and significant contaminant in riverine ecosystems, and are derived from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Determining the contributions of metals from these sources has proven difficult, in part, because physical and biogeochemical processes alter the nature (e.g., [...] Read more.
Toxic trace metals are a common and significant contaminant in riverine ecosystems, and are derived from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Determining the contributions of metals from these sources has proven difficult, in part, because physical and biogeochemical processes alter the nature (e.g., grain size, mineral composition, organic matter content) of the source materials as they are transported through the drainage network. This study examined the use of paleoflood deposits located along the hyperarid Rio Salado, a tributary to the Rio Loa of northern Chile, to construct local background functions and enrichment factors (LEFs) to differentiate between natural and anthropogenic metal sources. Significant variations in metal content occurred between river reaches and flood deposits of a given reach; these variations were primarily related to changes in sediment source that may reflect differences in El Niño and La Niña precipitation patterns. Three conservative elements (Al, Fe, Co) were examined to construct background functions for seven trace metals. Cobalt yielded the most effective background functions for As, Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn; Fe was selected for Cr, and Al for Cu. The resulting LEFs approximated 1, illustrating that paleoflood deposits produced effective background functions, and could be applied to downstream sites contaminated by mining activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contaminant Migration Processes in the Environment)
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