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Advances in Offshore Foundations and Anchoring Systems
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Advances in Offshore Foundations and Anchoring Systems

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Ocean Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 3127

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Fayun Liang

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Guest Editor
Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
Interests: marine geotechnical engineering; soil mechanics and foundations; underground space
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yifeng Lin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., No. 388 Yixian Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200434, China
Interests: offshore wind turbines; marine geotechnical engineering
Dr. Hao Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
Interests: offshore wind turbines; marine geotechnical engineering; pile foundations
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Chen Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
Interests: marine geotechnical engineering; scour mechanisms; AI in civil engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Offshore wind farms, sea bridges, oil and gas platforms, floating structures, and subsea facilities all rely on robust foundations and anchoring technologies to ensure stability, safety, and long-term performance. As projects move into deeper waters and harsher environments, traditional design and construction approaches face limitations, necessitating the optimization of foundation designs, development of novel foundation types, exploration of advanced anchoring mechanisms, seeking of sustainable design strategies, integration of advanced monitoring techniques, mitigation of natural hazards, and application of artificial intelligence. Geotechnical analysis is similarly important, involving the understanding of soil–structure interactions, the effects of long-term environmental factors and extreme natural hazards on offshore foundations and anchoring systems, etc. Within this framework, this Special Issue ‘Advances in Offshore Foundations and Anchoring Systems’ proposes a series of research papers from the above research areas that align with the broader goals of the sustainable development of marine infrastructure. Topics include, but are not limited to, research results on the following:

  • Innovative approaches to offshore foundation design;
  • Sustainable practices in offshore wind farm construction;
  • Geotechnical analysis for marine infrastructure projects;
  • Strategies for the mitigation of natural hazards;

Case studies of offshore foundations and anchoring systems.

Prof. Dr. Fayun Liang
Dr. Yifeng Lin
Dr. Hao Zhang
Dr. Chen Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • geotechnical analysis
  • soil–structure interactions
  • natural hazards
  • scour effect
  • dynamic performance
  • sustainable design strategies
  • novel marine foundation types

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 4431 KB  
Article
Prediction of Drag Anchor Trajectory Considering Both Shallow and Deep Anchor Behavior of Inclined Fluke
by Xiaoni Wu, Chao Tang, Zihao Jiang, Jinjian Chen, Teng Wang and Jian Shu
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2026, 14(6), 587; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse14060587 - 23 Mar 2026
Viewed by 189
Abstract
The prediction of drag anchor trajectory is key for the anchor design. The yield envelope method based on anchor behavior under combined loadings provided an alternative method for the prediction of anchor trajectory. The traditional yield envelope method based on deep anchor behavior [...] Read more.
The prediction of drag anchor trajectory is key for the anchor design. The yield envelope method based on anchor behavior under combined loadings provided an alternative method for the prediction of anchor trajectory. The traditional yield envelope method based on deep anchor behavior ignored the shallow anchor behavior that occurred during installation from shallow depth to deep depth and may lead to unreliable trajectory prediction. The present work examines how the shallow behavior of an inclined fluke influences the predicted trajectory of drag anchors. An example case was used to investigate the effects of soil non-homogeneity and anchor–soil interface friction on the predicted trajectory of drag anchors. The trajectory of another case of practical drag anchor is also predicted and compared to the existing centrifuge results. The results indicate that the prediction results are largely influenced by the selected interface friction condition and the bearing capacity factor. Incorporating both shallow and deep behaviors of inclined flukes leads to a more accurate description of anchor trajectory. Recommendations on the new method of drag anchor trajectory prediction, considering both shallow and deep anchor behavior, are proposed for a reliable trajectory prediction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Offshore Foundations and Anchoring Systems)
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20 pages, 5157 KB  
Article
Numerical Investigation on the Static Lateral Bearing Capacity and Failure Mechanism of Pile–Bucket Foundation
by Mohamed A. Frah, Meijuan Xu, Lichen Li, Wenbing Wu, Maha A. Abusogi, Tasneem Idris, Jingliang Ye, Chunbin Wan and Ruqin Luo
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2026, 14(5), 494; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse14050494 - 5 Mar 2026
Viewed by 385
Abstract
The pile–bucket foundation, comprising a bucket attached to a single pile, represents an innovative offshore solution for supporting wind turbines. Previous studies on laterally loaded foundations have primarily focused on single piles and pile–bucket systems; however, the effects of bucket size and loading [...] Read more.
The pile–bucket foundation, comprising a bucket attached to a single pile, represents an innovative offshore solution for supporting wind turbines. Previous studies on laterally loaded foundations have primarily focused on single piles and pile–bucket systems; however, the effects of bucket size and loading eccentricity on lateral capacity and soil failure mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. This study investigates the lateral performance of pile–bucket foundations in silty sand under static loading conditions. Seven three-dimensional numerical simulations were conducted to evaluate the influence of bucket diameter, embedment depth, and loading eccentricity. Results indicate that pile–bucket foundations achieve 37–60% higher lateral capacity than single piles and 3–4 times the capacity of standalone buckets. Increasing bucket diameter produces more significant improvements than increasing embedment depth, whereas higher loading eccentricity reduces lateral capacity, ranging from an 8% increase to a 10% decrease relative to a single pile. Increases in loading eccentricity, bucket diameter, and embedment depth shift the rotation center upward by approximately 3–9%, compared with a single pile. At the mudline, the bucket resists up to 75% of the lateral load, while the pile carries up to 92% of the moment. Failure mechanisms are dominated by excessive rotation, including wedge-type failure near the mudline and deep rotational soil flow. Increasing bucket diameter or embedment depth raises bending moments by 5–9%, while higher eccentricity amplifies them by 32–50%. A modified analytical formulation incorporating a correction factor of 1.16 improves the prediction of the rotation center position. These findings provide quantitative guidance for the design and optimization of pile–bucket foundations supporting offshore wind turbines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Offshore Foundations and Anchoring Systems)
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15 pages, 3266 KB  
Article
Experimental and Numerical Research on p-y Curve of Offshore Photovoltaic Pile Foundations on Sandy Soil Foundation
by Sai Fu, Hongxin Chen, Guo-er Lv, Xianlin Jia and Xibin Li
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(10), 1959; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13101959 - 13 Oct 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 867
Abstract
While methods like cyclic triaxial testing and p-y model updating theory exist in geotechnical and offshore wind engineering, they have not been systematically applied to solve the specific deformation problems of offshore PV piles. This study investigates a specific offshore photovoltaic (PV) project [...] Read more.
While methods like cyclic triaxial testing and p-y model updating theory exist in geotechnical and offshore wind engineering, they have not been systematically applied to solve the specific deformation problems of offshore PV piles. This study investigates a specific offshore photovoltaic (PV) project in Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province. Initially, field tests of horizontal static load on steel pipe pile foundations were conducted. A finite element model (FEM) of single piles was subsequently developed and validated. Further analysis examined the failure modes, initial stiffness, and ultimate resistance of offshore PV single piles in sandy soil foundations under varying pile diameters and embedment depths. The hyperbolic p-y curve model was modified by incorporating pile diameter size effects and embedment depth considerations. Key findings reveal the following: (1) The predominant failure mechanism of fixed offshore PV monopiles manifests as wedge-shaped failure in shallow soil layers. (2) Conventional API specifications and standard hyperbolic models demonstrate significant deviations in predicting p-y (horizontal soil resistance-pile displacement) curves, whereas the modified hyperbolic model shows good agreement with field measurements and numerical simulations. This research provides critical data support and methodological references for calculating the horizontal bearing capacity of offshore PV steel pipe pile foundations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Offshore Foundations and Anchoring Systems)
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27 pages, 8558 KB  
Article
Scour Characteristics and Bearing Capacity Response of MGB Hybrid Foundations in Offshore Wind Applications
by Xinyao Li, Baofang Zhang and Chen Wang
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(9), 1726; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13091726 - 8 Sep 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 966
Abstract
Scour at offshore wind turbine foundations compromises their structural stability. This study investigates scour characteristics and their impact on the ultimate bearing capacity of a novel Monopile-Gravity-Bucket (MGB) hybrid foundation. Utilizing coupled CFD-DEM and finite element analyses, this research examines scour development under [...] Read more.
Scour at offshore wind turbine foundations compromises their structural stability. This study investigates scour characteristics and their impact on the ultimate bearing capacity of a novel Monopile-Gravity-Bucket (MGB) hybrid foundation. Utilizing coupled CFD-DEM and finite element analyses, this research examines scour development under varying bucket geometries. Results reveal similar scour morphology as other large diameter structures, with maximum scour depth decreasing as the bucket’s diameter and height increase. The consequent reduction in lateral bearing capacity can reach approximately 20%. These findings provide critical insights for optimizing MGB foundation design and implementing effective scour protection strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Offshore Foundations and Anchoring Systems)
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