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JMSE
Special Issues
Extreme Events in Nearshore and River Integrated Region
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Extreme Events in Nearshore and River Integrated Region

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Ocean Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 June 2020) | Viewed by 14061

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Saeed Moghimi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
UCAR Visiting Scientist at the NOAA National Ocean Services, Silver Spring, MD, USA
Interests: coastal system dynamics under sea level rise and climate change; river and coastal processes (tide, wave, storm surge); sediment dynamics and contaminant fate and transport; shoreline planning and management; earth system models coupling (circulation, atmospheric and wave models); data assimilation and data-driven modeling; regional weather, circulation and wave prediction systems

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent extreme events and their drastic impacts on several aspects of human life indicated many un-resolved research gaps. Nearshore region is the transition zone from land to the open ocean. This region spans drastically different dynamical regimes with varying and interacting roles of rivers, estuaries, waves, wind, tides, buoyancy, and morphology. The vulnerability of the coast to sea level rise, extreme storms, inland flooding and anthropogenic influences is a major societal concern.

In this Special Issue, all contributions in connection with extreme events in the nearshore and river integrated systems are welcome. The topics may include:

1) surface wave dynamics,
2) wind-, wave-, river-, and tide-driven circulation,
3) mixing and turbulence,
4) sediment transport and morphologic evolution, and
5) process-based ecological or biological nearshore interactions.

Works describing field observations (both remotely sensed and in-situ),
numerical and laboratory modeling, theoretical analysis, and model-data
assimilation are welcome.

Dr. Saeed Moghimi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Coastal systems
  • Extreme events
  • River flooding
  • Coastal flooding
  • Storm surge
  • Sediment transport
  • Wave-current interaction
  • Surface waves

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 4095 KiB  
Article
Impacts of Hurricane Disturbance on Water Quality across the Aquatic Continuum of a Blackwater River to Estuary Complex
by Tracey Schafer, Nicholas Ward, Paul Julian, K. Ramesh Reddy and Todd Z. Osborne
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8(6), 412; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8060412 - 5 Jun 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 5620
Abstract
Hurricanes cause landscape-scale disturbances that affect biogeochemical cycling and water quality in coastal ecosystems. During Hurricane Irma’s passage through northern Florida, water movements driven by wind velocities up to 105 km h−1 caused a salinity peak in an estuary/blackwater river complex. Water [...] Read more.
Hurricanes cause landscape-scale disturbances that affect biogeochemical cycling and water quality in coastal ecosystems. During Hurricane Irma’s passage through northern Florida, water movements driven by wind velocities up to 105 km h−1 caused a salinity peak in an estuary/blackwater river complex. Water quality was monitored across the 15 km site to detect the magnitude and duration of disturbance. Saline water intruded 15 km inland into a freshwater portion of the river that peaked at a salinity of 2 psu. Due to the volume of precipitation from the hurricane, significant runoff of freshwater and dissolved organic matter (DOM) caused a decrease in salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), and Chlorophyll-a concentrations while increasing turbidity and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM). The disturbance caused rapid changes observed by in-situ water quality monitors over a 3-week period, but some effects persisted for longer periods as shown by 3-month weekly water sampling. This disturbance caused shifts in DOM loading, altered salinity dynamics, and reshaped landscapes due to wind and wave surge both in upland marsh and downstream estuary. Hurricane disturbance temporarily and abruptly alters the aquatic continuum, and observations of system response can help us understand the mechanisms associated with ecosystem resilience and recovery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extreme Events in Nearshore and River Integrated Region)
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26 pages, 24557 KiB  
Article
Development of an ESMF Based Flexible Coupling Application of ADCIRC and WAVEWATCH III for High Fidelity Coastal Inundation Studies
by Saeed Moghimi, Andre Van der Westhuysen, Ali Abdolali, Edward Myers, Sergey Vinogradov, Zaizhong Ma, Fei Liu, Avichal Mehra and Nicole Kurkowski
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8(5), 308; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8050308 - 28 Apr 2020
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 4612
Abstract
To enable flexible model coupling in coastal inundation studies, a coupling framework based on the Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF) and the National Unified Operational Prediction Capability (NUOPC) technologies under a common modeling framework called the NOAA Environmental Modeling System (NEMS) was developed. [...] Read more.
To enable flexible model coupling in coastal inundation studies, a coupling framework based on the Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF) and the National Unified Operational Prediction Capability (NUOPC) technologies under a common modeling framework called the NOAA Environmental Modeling System (NEMS) was developed. The framework is essentially a software wrapper around atmospheric, wave and storm surge models that enables its components communicate seamlessly, and efficiently to run in massively parallel environments. For the first time, we are introducing the flexible coupled application of the ADvanced CIRCulation model (ADCIRC) and unstructured fully implicit WAVEWATCH III including NUOPC compliant caps to read Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting Model (HWRF) generated forcing fields. We validated the coupled application for a laboratory test and a full scale inundation case of the Hurricane Ike, 2008, on a high resolution mesh covering the whole US Atlantic coast. We showed that how nonlinear interaction between surface waves and total water level results in significant enhancements and progression of the inundation and wave action into land in and around the hurricane landfall region. We also presented that how the maximum wave setup and maximum surge regions may happen at the various times and locations depending on the storm track and geographical properties of the landfall area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extreme Events in Nearshore and River Integrated Region)
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23 pages, 10626 KiB  
Article
Steps towards Modeling Community Resilience under Climate Change: Hazard Model Development
by Kendra M. Dresback, Christine M. Szpilka, Xianwu Xue, Humberto Vergara, Naiyu Wang, Randall L. Kolar, Jia Xu and Kevin M. Geoghegan
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2019, 7(7), 225; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7070225 - 16 Jul 2019
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3455
Abstract
With a growing population (over 40%) living in coastal counties within the U.S., there is an increasing risk that coastal communities will be significantly impacted by riverine/coastal flooding and high winds associated with tropical cyclones. Climate change could exacerbate these risks; thus, it [...] Read more.
With a growing population (over 40%) living in coastal counties within the U.S., there is an increasing risk that coastal communities will be significantly impacted by riverine/coastal flooding and high winds associated with tropical cyclones. Climate change could exacerbate these risks; thus, it would be prudent for coastal communities to plan for resilience in the face of these uncertainties. In order to address all of these risks, a coupled physics-based modeling system has been developed that simulates total water levels. This system uses parametric models for both rainfall and wind, which only require essential information (e.g., track and central pressure) generated by a hurricane model. The system is validated with Hurricane Isabel hindcasts: One using the parametric system and another using data assimilated fields. The results show a good agreement to the available data, indicating that the system is able to adequately capture the hazards using parametric models, as compared to optimized fields. The validated system was then utilized to simulate randomly generated scenarios that account for future uncertainty, i.e., amount of sea level rise and storm strength/track, as influenced by projected climate change scenarios. Results are then used in next step in the development of a system-wide, community resilience model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Extreme Events in Nearshore and River Integrated Region)
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