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Minerals
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Igneous Rocks and Related Mineral Deposits
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Igneous Rocks and Related Mineral Deposits

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Deposits".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 2956

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Claire E. Wade

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Geological Survey of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
2. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
Interests: magmatic evolution and petrogenesis; geochemistry and isotope geochemistry; mineral systems; mantle heterogeneity
Prof. Dr. Alexander R Cruden

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University, Melborne, VIC 3156, Australia
Interests: magma transport and emplacement; physical processes in magmatic sulfide deposits; structural controls on ore deposits
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Igneous rocks are related to a variety of mineral deposits, hosting some of the world’s largest and most economic (e.g., porphyry Cu-Au, magmatic Ni-Cu and iron-oxide copper gold (IOCG)). As such, both intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks play significant roles in the formation of mineral deposits, with direct correlation between the transport and concentration of ore minerals in magma and peripheral processes such as the production of heat and magmatic fluids.

Therefore, understanding the role of magmatism and magmatic rocks is essential in advancing our understanding of mineral deposit formation and aiding mineral exploration. The source and origin of magmatic rocks underpin the role of magmatism. Ancient metasomatised subcontinental lithospheric mantle is linked to several mineralisation styles; therefore, the influence of ancient tectonics and the interaction between mantle and crustal sources are paramount to understanding metallogenesis.

This Special Issue aims to focus on advances in the role and importance of igneous rocks in mineral deposits including, but not limited to, studies on magma sources and petrogenesis of mineralisation-related igneous rocks, new geochemical and isotopic studies of mineral deposits and the application of petrochronology. Contributions that advance the understanding of magmatic REE deposits are welcome, as well as reviews or compilation studies of the role and importance of igneous rocks in mineral deposits.

This Special Issue will include papers addressing various types of global igneous-related mineral deposits.

Dr. Claire E. Wade
Prof. Dr. Alexander R Cruden
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • geochemistry
  • geochronology
  • mineralisation
  • petrogenesis and metallogenesis
  • magma fertility
  • magmatic ore deposits
  • porphyry deposits
  • hydrothermal ore deposits

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 7909 KiB  
Article
Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Hf Isotopes of the Granitoids from Cahanwusu Cu Deposit in Awulale Mountain, Western Tianshan: Implication for Regional Mineralization
by Wei Zhang, Mao-Xue Chen, Mei-Li Yang, Wen-Hui Yang and Xing-Chun Zhang
Minerals 2025, 15(4), 380; https://doi.org/10.3390/min15040380 - 4 Apr 2025
Viewed by 205
Abstract
Awulale Mountain is one of the most important Fe-Cu concentration areas situated in the eastern part of Western Tianshan. The Cu deposits in the belt are genetically associated with the Permian intermediate and felsic intrusions. However, the precise age and magma source of [...] Read more.
Awulale Mountain is one of the most important Fe-Cu concentration areas situated in the eastern part of Western Tianshan. The Cu deposits in the belt are genetically associated with the Permian intermediate and felsic intrusions. However, the precise age and magma source of the causative intrusions are currently not confirmed, constraining our understanding of regional mineralization. The Cahanwusu porphyry Cu deposit is located in the western part of Awulale Mountain. Field investigations have shown that the mineralization in the deposit is genetically associated with granitic porphyry and diorite porphyry. In this paper, we provide detailed zircon U-Pb ages and in-situ Hf isotopic compositions of the granitic porphyry and diorite porphyry. The granitic porphyry and diorite porphyry have zircon U-Pb ages of 328.6 ± 2.6 Ma (MSWD = 0.52; n = 23) and 331 ± 2.8 Ma (MSWD = 0.95; n = 21), respectively. This indicates that the Cahanwusu deposit was formed in the Carboniferous in a subduction setting. This is distinguishable from other porphyry Cu deposits in the belt, which were generally formed in the Permian in the post-collision extensional setting. The granitic porphyry and diorite porphyry exhibit positive εHf(t) values varying from +2.8 to +5.4 (average of +4.1) and +2.0 to +5.1 (average of +4.1), respectively. The magmas of these causative intrusions were interpreted to be derived from the partial melting of the juvenile lower crust which originated from cooling of mantle-derived magmas related to the subduction process. Our new results highlight that the Cahanwusu deposit represents a new episode of Cu mineralization in the belt and the Carboniferous granitoids in Awulale Mountain are potential candidates for Cu exploration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Igneous Rocks and Related Mineral Deposits)
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38 pages, 22170 KiB  
Article
New Geochemical and Geochronological Constraints on the Genesis of the Imourkhssen Cu±Mo±Au±Ag Porphyry Deposit (Ouzellagh-Siroua Salient, Anti-Atlas, Morocco): Geodynamic and Metallogenic Implications
by Mariam Ferraq, Saïd Belkacim, Li-Zhen Cheng, Joshua H. F. L. Davies, Morgann G. Perrot, Abdelhay Ben-Tami and Mohammed Bouabdellah
Minerals 2024, 14(8), 832; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14080832 - 16 Aug 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1686
Abstract
The Imourkhssen porphyry Cu±Mo±Au±Ag deposit is located at the Ouzellagh-Siroua Salient (OSS) straddling the boundary between the central Anti-Atlas and the central High Atlas. It is characterized by a typical porphyry-style mineralization. The volcanic rocks are intruded by numerous magmatic rocks of the [...] Read more.
The Imourkhssen porphyry Cu±Mo±Au±Ag deposit is located at the Ouzellagh-Siroua Salient (OSS) straddling the boundary between the central Anti-Atlas and the central High Atlas. It is characterized by a typical porphyry-style mineralization. The volcanic rocks are intruded by numerous magmatic rocks of the Ouarzazate Group (580–539 Ma), referred to as the Late Ediacaran magmatic suites (LEMS). Of these, the Askaoun, Imourkhssen, and Imourgane granites are the most significant as they are related to the porphyry mineralization. The entire set is intruded by the Zaghar mafic dyke swarms. Zircon U-Pb dating of the Imourkhssen granite and the ore-bearing granite porphyry shows that these intrusive rocks were emplaced at 558 ± 1 and 550 ± 2 Ma, respectively. Moreover, the whole-rock major and trace element geochemistry reveal a high-K calc-alkaline I-type composition, consistent with an emplacement in a post-collisional setting under a trans-tensional tectonic regime. Ore bodies are hosted by the Askaoun granodiorite as well as the Imourgane granite. The mineralization occurs as fine-grained dissemination and infills of hydrothermally altered NNE–SSW to N–S trending veins and veinlets. Ore-related hydrothermal alteration consists of potassic, chlorite-sericite, serecitic, and propylitic mineral assemblages along with pervasive silicification and pyritization, providing a porphyry-style alteration pattern. The ore periods comprise supergene and magmatic-hydrothermal periods. The latter includes primary dissemination and secondary NNE–SSW to N–S ore-bearing system stages. The occurrence of molybdenite is either restricted to the potassic and chlorite-sericite alteration zones of the ore-bearing granite as fine disseminations or alternatively as veinlet infills within the propylitic halos. The molybdenite occurrences along with pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, and tennantite dissemination are assigned to the primary ore stage, while the NNE–SSW to N–S ore-bearing system is related to the secondary ore stage. It consists of pyrite, chalcopyrite, bornite, covellite, diagenite, sphalerite, hematite, galena, gold, and chenguodaite. The predominance of cockade and crack-and-seal textures suggest multiple episodes of ore-forming fluid circulations under epithermal conditions. The supergene stage is achieved by subordinate malachite, azurite, barite, hematite, epsomite, and chrysocolla. From the descriptions above, we argue that the Imourkhssen Cu±Mo±Au±Ag mineralization shares many mineralogical and paragenetic attributes of porphyry-copper deposits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Igneous Rocks and Related Mineral Deposits)
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