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Structural Self-Organization of Light Atoms-Based Materials under Extreme Conditions including...
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Structural Self-Organization of Light Atoms-Based Materials under Extreme Conditions including Large Shear Deformation

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "2D and Carbon Nanomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 5456

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Mikhail Popov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Technological Institute for Superhard and Novel Carbon Materials, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
Interests: condensed matter physics (solid state physics); high pressure physics; mechanics of solids; material science; superhard ceramic and materials; Raman spectroscopy of carbon nanocluster-based/composite materials; technologies and applications of nanocarbon-based and nanocarbon scaled/modified materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Advanced materials based on C, C–N, B–C, B–N and other light atoms, and areas of their applications are known for several decades. Unique transport (including superconductivity), mechanical (including ultrahardness) and optical properties have been discovered or predicted for these materials. Under non-equilibrium conditions, combinations of light atoms are organized in known nanoclusters (fullerenes, nanotubes, onions, cones, etc.). Do the nanoclusters belong to the appropriate phase diagrams?

According to recent experimental and computer modeling studies, at least fullerene-type onions are the equilibrium phase in the carbon phase diagram at 55–115 GPa up to at a minimum 2400 K. In spite of the extreme equilibrium pressure fullerenes and onions are synthesized under moderate conditions. A similar phenomenon could be expected for BN which is isoelectronic to C. A general feature of covalently bonded C, B, N and other light atoms is an increase in force constants as the size of the nanocluster (based on these atoms or their combination) decreases. Therefore, it is expected a nano-clusterization of light atoms-based materials under extreme conditions. For example, the self-organization of B–C nano-layers in diamond provides the superconductivity phenomenon.

This Special Issue of Nanomaterials is not restricted by the fundamental problem of the nanocluster phase existence in the phase diagram. The main target is properties and applications of light atoms-based nanomaterials. Structural self-organization under extreme conditions, including large shear deformation, is just the unique tool that can ensure the discovery of new advanced materials.

Prof. Dr. Mikhail Popov
Guest Editor

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • light atoms
  • phase diagram
  • high pressure
  • shear deformation
  • extreme conditions
  • nanocluster-based materials
  • structural self-organization
  • non-equilibrium conditions
  • transport properties
  • mechanical properties
  • optical properties

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

7 pages, 1055 KiB  
Article
Enhancement of the Anti-Stokes Fluorescence of Hollow Spherical Carbon Nitride Nanostructures by High Intensity Green Laser
by Pavel V. Zinin, Tayro E. Acosta-Maeda, Anupam K. Misra and Shiv K. Sharma
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(10), 2529; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11102529 - 28 Sep 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1709
Abstract
Fluorescence spectra of graphitic (g-C3N4) and spherical (s-C3N4) modifications of carbon nitride were measured as a function of green pulsed (6 ns-pulse) laser intensity. It was found that the intensity of [...] Read more.
Fluorescence spectra of graphitic (g-C3N4) and spherical (s-C3N4) modifications of carbon nitride were measured as a function of green pulsed (6 ns-pulse) laser intensity. It was found that the intensity of the laser increases the maximum of the fluorescence shifts towards the anti-Stokes side of the fluorescence for s-C3N4 spherical nanoparticles. This phenomenon was not observed for g-C3N4 particles. The maximum of the anti-Stokes fluorescence in s-C3N4 nanoparticles was observed at 480 nm. The ratio of the intensity of the anti-Stokes peak (centered at 480 nm) to that of the Stokes peak (centered at 582 nm) was measured to be I484/582 = 6.4 × 10−3 at a low level of intensity (5 mW) of a green pulsed laser, whereas it rose to I484/582 = 2.27 with a high level of laser intensity (1500 mW). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Self-Organization of Light Atoms-Based Materials under Extreme Conditions including Large Shear Deformation)
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16 pages, 4880 KiB  
Article
The Concentration of C(sp3) Atoms and Properties of an Activated Carbon with over 3000 m2/g BET Surface Area
by Yury M. Shulga, Eugene N. Kabachkov, Vitaly I. Korepanov, Igor I. Khodos, Dmitry Y. Kovalev, Alexandr V. Melezhik, Aleksei G. Tkachev and Gennady L. Gutsev
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(5), 1324; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11051324 - 17 May 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3105
Abstract
The alkaline activation of a carbonized graphene oxide/dextrin mixture yielded a carbon-based nanoscale material (AC-TR) with a unique highly porous structure. The BET-estimated specific surface area of the material is 3167 m2/g, which is higher than the specific surface area of [...] Read more.
The alkaline activation of a carbonized graphene oxide/dextrin mixture yielded a carbon-based nanoscale material (AC-TR) with a unique highly porous structure. The BET-estimated specific surface area of the material is 3167 m2/g, which is higher than the specific surface area of a graphene layer. The material has a density of 0.34 g/cm3 and electrical resistivity of 0.25 Ω·cm and its properties were studied using the elemental analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (ED), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray induced Auger electron spectroscopy (XAES), and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in the plasmon excitation range. From these data, we derive an integral understanding of the structure of this material. The concentration of sp3 carbon atoms was found to be relatively low with an absolute value that depends on the measurement method. It was shown that there is no graphite-like (002) peak in the electron and X-ray diffraction pattern. The characteristic size of a sp2-domain in the basal plane estimated from the Raman spectra was 7 nm. It was also found that plasmon peaks in the EELS spectrum of AC-TR are downshifted compared to those of graphite. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Self-Organization of Light Atoms-Based Materials under Extreme Conditions including Large Shear Deformation)
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Graphical abstract

11 pages, 3362 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Shear Deformation on C-N Structure under Pressure up to 80 GPa
by Valentin Churkin, Boris Kulnitskiy, Pavel Zinin, Vladimir Blank and Mikhail Popov
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(4), 828; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11040828 - 24 Mar 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1672
Abstract
We studythe effect of shear deformation on graphitic g-C3N4 under pressures of up to 80 GPa at room temperature. g-C3N4 samples are transformed from initial amorphous flakes into onion-like structures, in which the nitrogen content [...] Read more.
We studythe effect of shear deformation on graphitic g-C3N4 under pressures of up to 80 GPa at room temperature. g-C3N4 samples are transformed from initial amorphous flakes into onion-like structures, in which the nitrogen content in the quenched samples decreases with increasing pressure (from 42% in the initial conditions to 1% at 80 GPa). The concentration of the sp2 bonds also decreases from 1 (the initial sample) to 0.62 with increasing pressure to 80 GPa. This transformation of the sample is due to the fact that in the pressure range of 55–115 GPa, the equilibrium phase is not a diamond, but instead, carbon onions cross-linked by sp3 bonds, which are denser than diamonds. The results of our study show that the presence of nitrogen in sp3-bonded structures at pressures of higher than 55 GPa reduces the density and, accordingly, carbon structures without nitrogen become thermodynamically favorable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Self-Organization of Light Atoms-Based Materials under Extreme Conditions including Large Shear Deformation)
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