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Nanostructured Devices for Advanced Functionalities and Improved Performances in the...
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Nanostructured Devices for Advanced Functionalities and Improved Performances in the Optical Domain

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanophotonics Materials and Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2022) | Viewed by 19437

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Anne Talneau

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, Palaiseau, France
Interests: photonic integration; telecom and datacom opto-electronic devices; sub-λ metamaterial waveguides and arrays; optical imaging systems; surface and hybrid interface science; 2D materials and surface engineering; nanoengineering; nanoprocessing
Dr. Maia Brunstein

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Brain Physiology Lab - CNRS UMR 8118, Université Paris Descartes, 45 Rue des Saints Pères, CEDEX 06, 75270 Paris, France
Interests: 3D imaging of cells; biological fluorescence microscopy; TIRF microscopy; nanostructured substrates for improved image contras; super-resolution and dynamic imaging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Operating at the nanoscale when implementing a nano-structuration or a more complex metasurface in guiding or resonant devices has enabled advanced optical functionalities and improved performance. In a large optical span from EUV to THz, devices for telecom and datacom, plasmonic, sensing, optomechatronics to opto fluidics, bio imaging, or optogenetics can take advantage of a sub-l structuration.

This Special Issue of Nanomaterials covers all aspects of research, technologies, and perspectives of nanostructured devices. The otential topics include but are not limtied to nanostructure fabrication, nanostructured surfaces and thin films and their characterization, nanostructured guiding, and resonant devices.

Dr. Anne Talneau
Dr. Maia Brunstein
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanostructured waveguides
  • metamaterials
  • nanostructured surfaces preparation and characterization
  • nanostructured guiding and resonant devices
  • telecom
  • datacom
  • plasmonic
  • sensing bio-imaging
  • optogenetics

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

11 pages, 2940 KiB  
Article
Colored Surfaces Made of Synthetic Eumelanin
by Gema Marcelo, María del Mar López-González, Milena Vega and Carlos Pecharromán
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(9), 2320; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11092320 - 7 Sep 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1999
Abstract
The polymerization of 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine leads to a carboxylic acid-rich synthetic melanin-like material (poly-L-DOPA). Synthetic melanin most resembles natural eumelanin in chemical structure. However, its deposition on surfaces leading to colored surfaces by interference is not as easy to accomplish as in the case [...] Read more.
The polymerization of 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine leads to a carboxylic acid-rich synthetic melanin-like material (poly-L-DOPA). Synthetic melanin most resembles natural eumelanin in chemical structure. However, its deposition on surfaces leading to colored surfaces by interference is not as easy to accomplish as in the case of the preparation of colored surfaces by dopamine hydrochloride polymerization. This study deals with the preparation of new colored surfaces made from poly-L-DOPA displaying vivid colors by interference. These surfaces were obtained by depositing thin films of poly-L-DOPA on a reflective silicon nitride substrate. A high ionic strength in the polymerization medium was essential to accomplish the coating. The effect of ionic strength on the resulting surfaces was studied via reflectance, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The refractive index was determined by ellipsometry, and was nearly constant to 1.8 when λ > 650 nm. In the visible spectral region, the imaginary part of the refractive index becomes relevant. The refractive index in the visible wavelength range (400–600 nm) was in the range 1.7–1.80. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Devices for Advanced Functionalities and Improved Performances in the Optical Domain)
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13 pages, 2408 KiB  
Article
Understanding the Role of Different Substrate Geometries for Achieving Optimum Tip-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensitivity
by Lu He, Mahfujur Rahaman, Teresa I. Madeira and Dietrich R.T. Zahn
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(2), 376; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020376 - 2 Feb 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2724
Abstract
Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) has experienced tremendous progress over the last two decades. Despite detecting single molecules and achieving sub-nanometer spatial resolution, attaining high TERS sensitivity is still a challenging task due to low reproducibility of tip fabrication, especially regarding very sharp tip [...] Read more.
Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) has experienced tremendous progress over the last two decades. Despite detecting single molecules and achieving sub-nanometer spatial resolution, attaining high TERS sensitivity is still a challenging task due to low reproducibility of tip fabrication, especially regarding very sharp tip apices. Here, we present an approach for achieving strong TERS sensitivity via a systematic study of the near-field enhancement properties in the so-called gap-mode TERS configurations using the combination of finite element method (FEM) simulations and TERS experiments. In the simulation study, a gold tip apex is fixed at 80 nm of diameter, and the substrate consists of 20 nm high gold nanodiscs with diameter varying from 5 nm to 120 nm placed on a flat extended gold substrate. The local electric field distributions are computed in the spectral range from 500 nm to 800 nm with the tip placed both at the center and the edge of the gold nanostructure. The model is then compared with the typical gap-mode TERS configuration, in which a tip of varying diameter from 2 nm to 160 nm is placed in the proximity of a gold thin film. Our simulations show that the tip-nanodisc combined system provides much improved TERS sensitivity compared to the conventional gap-mode TERS configuration. We find that for the same tip diameter, the spatial resolution achieved in the tip-nanodisc model is much better than that observed in the conventional gap-mode TERS, which requires a very sharp metal tip to achieve the same spatial resolution on an extended metal substrate. Finally, TERS experiments are conducted on gold nanodisc arrays using home-built gold tips to validate our simulation results. Our simulations provide a guide for designing and realization of both high-spatial resolution and strong TERS intensity in future TERS experiments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Devices for Advanced Functionalities and Improved Performances in the Optical Domain)
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12 pages, 2721 KiB  
Article
Ultrabroadband Absorption Enhancement via Hybridization of Localized and Propagating Surface Plasmons
by Tian Sang, Honglong Qi, Xun Wang, Xin Yin, Guoqing Li, Xinshang Niu, Bin Ma and Hongfei Jiao
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(9), 1625; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10091625 - 19 Aug 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 2512
Abstract
Broadband metamaterial absorbers (MAs) are critical for applications of photonic and optoelectronic devices. Despite long-standing efforts on broadband MAs, it has been challenging to achieve ultrabroadband absorption with high absorptivity and omnidirectional characteristics within a comparatively simple and low-cost architecture. Here we design, [...] Read more.
Broadband metamaterial absorbers (MAs) are critical for applications of photonic and optoelectronic devices. Despite long-standing efforts on broadband MAs, it has been challenging to achieve ultrabroadband absorption with high absorptivity and omnidirectional characteristics within a comparatively simple and low-cost architecture. Here we design, fabricate, and characterize a novel compact Cr-based MA to achieve ultrabroadband absorption in the visible to near-infrared wavelength region. The Cr-based MA consists of Cr nanorods and Cr substrate sandwiched by three pairs of SiO2/Cr stacks. Both simulated and experimental results show that an average absorption over 93.7% can be achieved in the range of 400–1000 nm. Specifically, the ultrabroadband features result from the co-excitations of localized surface plasmon (LSP) and propagating surface plasmon (PSP) and their synergistic absorption effects, where absorption in the shorter and longer wavelengths are mainly contributed bythe LSP and PSP modes, respectively. The Cr-based MA is very robust to variations of the geometrical parameters, and angle-and polarization-insensitive absorption can be operated well over a large range of anglesunder both transverse magnetic(TM)- and transverse electric (TE)-polarized light illumination. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Devices for Advanced Functionalities and Improved Performances in the Optical Domain)
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9 pages, 1714 KiB  
Article
Polarization Insensitive, Broadband, Near Diffraction-Limited Metalens in Ultraviolet Region
by Saima Kanwal, Jing Wen, Binbin Yu, Xu Chen, Dileep Kumar, Yi Kang, Chunyan Bai, Saima Ubaid and Dawei Zhang
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(8), 1439; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10081439 - 23 Jul 2020
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 4133
Abstract
Metasurfaces in the ultraviolet spectrum have stirred up prevalent research interest due to the increasing demand for ultra-compact and wearable UV optical systems. The limitations of conventional plasmonic metasurfaces operating in transmission mode can be overcome by using a suitable dielectric material. A [...] Read more.
Metasurfaces in the ultraviolet spectrum have stirred up prevalent research interest due to the increasing demand for ultra-compact and wearable UV optical systems. The limitations of conventional plasmonic metasurfaces operating in transmission mode can be overcome by using a suitable dielectric material. A metalens holds promising wavefront engineering for various applications. Metalenses have developed a breakthrough technology in the advancement of integrated and miniaturized optical devices. However, metalenses utilizing the Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase or resonance tuning methodology are restricted to polarization dependence and for various applications, polarization-insensitive metalenses are highly desirable. We propose the design of a high-efficiency dielectric polarization-insensitive UV metalens utilizing cylindrical nanopillars with strong focusing ability, providing full phase delay in a broadband range of Ultraviolet light (270–380 nm). The designed metalens comprises Silicon nitride cylindrical nanopillars with spatially varying radii and offers outstanding polarization-insensitive operation in the broadband UV spectrum. It will significantly promote and boost the integration and miniaturization of the UV photonic devices by overcoming the use of Plasmonics structures that are vulnerable to the absorption and ohmic losses of the metals. The focusing efficiency of the designed metalens is as high as 40%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Devices for Advanced Functionalities and Improved Performances in the Optical Domain)
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Review

Jump to: Research

26 pages, 5343 KiB  
Review
Role of Nanoimprint Lithography for Strongly Miniaturized Optical Spectrometers
by Hartmut Hillmer, Carsten Woidt, André Istock, Aliaksei Kobylinskiy, Duc Toan Nguyen, Naureen Ahmed, Robert Brunner and Thomas Kusserow
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(1), 164; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11010164 - 11 Jan 2021
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 4146
Abstract
Optical spectrometers and sensors have gained enormous importance in metrology and information technology, frequently involving the question of size, resolution, sensitivity, spectral range, efficiency, reliability, and cost. Nanomaterials and nanotechnological fabrication technologies have huge potential to enable an optimization between these demands, which [...] Read more.
Optical spectrometers and sensors have gained enormous importance in metrology and information technology, frequently involving the question of size, resolution, sensitivity, spectral range, efficiency, reliability, and cost. Nanomaterials and nanotechnological fabrication technologies have huge potential to enable an optimization between these demands, which in some cases are counteracting each other. This paper focuses on the visible and near infrared spectral range and on five types of optical sensors (optical spectrometers): classical grating-based miniaturized spectrometers, arrayed waveguide grating devices, static Fabry–Pérot (FP) filter arrays on sensor arrays, tunable microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) FP filter arrays, and MEMS tunable photonic crystal filters. The comparison between this selection of concepts concentrates on (i) linewidth and resolution, (ii) required space for a selected spectral range, (iii) efficiency in using available light, and (iv) potential of nanoimprint for cost reduction and yield increase. The main part of this review deals with our own results in the field of static FP filter arrays and MEMS tunable FP filter arrays. In addition, technology for efficiency boosting to get more of the available light is demonstrated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Devices for Advanced Functionalities and Improved Performances in the Optical Domain)
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28 pages, 8393 KiB  
Review
In(Ga)N Nanostructures and Devices Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy and Metal-Assisted Photochemical Etching
by Abdul Kareem K. Soopy, Zhaonan Li, Tianyi Tang, Jiaqian Sun, Bo Xu, Chao Zhao and Adel Najar
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(1), 126; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11010126 - 7 Jan 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3158
Abstract
This review summarizes the recent research on nitride nanostructures and their applications. We cover recent advances in the synthesis and growth of porous structures and low-dimensional nitride nanostructures via metal-assisted photochemical etching and molecular beam epitaxy. The growth of nitride materials on various [...] Read more.
This review summarizes the recent research on nitride nanostructures and their applications. We cover recent advances in the synthesis and growth of porous structures and low-dimensional nitride nanostructures via metal-assisted photochemical etching and molecular beam epitaxy. The growth of nitride materials on various substrates, which improves their crystal quality, doping efficiency, and flexibility of tuning performance, is discussed in detail. Furthermore, the recent development of In(Ga)N nanostructure applications (light-emitting diodes, lasers, and gas sensors) is presented. Finally, the challenges and directions in this field are addressed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Devices for Advanced Functionalities and Improved Performances in the Optical Domain)
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