Advances in Optical Fiber Sensing Technology: 2nd Edition

A Special Issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732) belonging to the section "Lasers, Light Sources and Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 May 2027 | Viewed by 1644

Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, No. 145-11, Nantong Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
Interests: optical material; optical fiber sensors; nano materials
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Guest Editor
1. School of Radiophysics, Biomedical Electronics and Computer Systems, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine
2. State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
Interests: nanostructures subwavelength structures; dark modes; toroidal modes; Mie theory; metamaterials
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Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Geng Wen Road, Hangzhou 311231, China
Interests: optical fiber sensing technology; optical fiber gratings and their applications; special optical fiber sensors; physical and chemical sensing; laser spectroscopy in gas detection
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Guest Editor
Key Lab of In-Fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
Interests: optical fiber sensors; optical fiber design; long-period fiber grating
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Optical fiber sensing technologies stand at the forefront of modern sensing systems, offering a paradigm shift in precision measurement and real-time data acquisition. The essence of optical fiber sensing lies in its ability to leverage optical fibers as versatile platforms for detecting, monitoring, and analyzing a myriad of physical parameters. At the heart of optical fiber sensing is the principle of utilizing optical fibers to transmit and receive light signals. This enables the creation of sensors capable of detecting changes in temperature, strain, pressure, and various environmental factors with unprecedented sensitivity. Unlike traditional sensing methods, optical fiber sensors are immune to electromagnetic interference, making them ideal for deployment in challenging and high-performance environments.

This Special Issue will collate high-quality papers that focus on emerging, important technologies in optical fiber sensing. Research areas include (but are not limited to) the following topics:

  • Optical fiber sensors;
  • Fiber sensing technology;
  • Optical signal processing technology;
  • Optical fiber sensing systems;
  • Optical micro-cavity sensing technology;
  • Biochemical micro-nano sensitive sensors;
  • Fiber sensors based on functional materials;
  • Microstructure fibers;
  • Simulation of special fibers.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Tao Geng
Prof. Dr. Vladimir Tuz
Dr. Qiang Ling
Dr. Yiwei Ma
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • optical fiber sensors
  • fiber sensing
  • signal processing
  • special fibers
  • microstructure fibers
  • micro/nanofibers
  • functional materials
  • photorefractive materials

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

31 pages, 42010 KB  
Article
SMS Fiber-Optic Sensing System for Real-Time Train Detection and Railway Monitoring
by Waleska Feitoza de Oliveira, Luana Samara Paulino Maia, João Isaac Silva Miranda, Alan Robson da Silva, Aedo Braga Silveira, Dayse Gonçalves Correia Bandeira, Antonio Sergio Bezerra Sombra and Glendo de Freitas Guimarães
Photonics 2026, 13(3), 308; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13030308 - 23 Mar 2026
Viewed by 1040
Abstract
Railway traffic monitoring requires robust detection technologies capable of operating reliably under real-world vibration and environmental conditions. In this work, we present the design and validation of an optical vibration sensor based on a Single-mode–Multimode–Single-mode (SMS) fiber structure for Light Rail Vehicle (LRV) [...] Read more.
Railway traffic monitoring requires robust detection technologies capable of operating reliably under real-world vibration and environmental conditions. In this work, we present the design and validation of an optical vibration sensor based on a Single-mode–Multimode–Single-mode (SMS) fiber structure for Light Rail Vehicle (LRV) detection. The sensing mechanism relies on multimodal interference in the multimode fiber (MMF), where rail-induced vibrations modify the guided mode distribution and, consequently, the transmitted optical intensity. The optical signal is converted to voltage and processed through an embedded acquisition system. Additionally, we conducted tests with freight trains and maintenance trains in order to evaluate the applicability of the sensor in other types of trains besides the LRV. We conducted laboratory experiments to assess mechanical stability, sensibility, and packaging strategies, followed by supervised field tests on an operational LRV line. The recorded time-domain signal exhibited clear modulation during train passage, and first-derivative and sliding-window variance analyses were applied to reliably identify vibration events, even in the presence of slow baseline drift. In addition, frequency-domain analysis was performed by applying the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the measured signal, enabling the identification of characteristic low-frequency spectral components induced by train passage. A quantitative sensitivity assessment was further carried out by correlating the integrated spectral energy (0–12 Hz) with vehicle weight, yielding a linear response with a sensitivity of 0.0017 a.u./t and coefficient of determination R2=0.933. The proposed solution demonstrated stable operation using commercially available low-cost components, confirming the feasibility of SMS-based optical sensing for railway monitoring. These results indicate strong potential for future deployment in traffic safety systems and distributed sensing networks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Optical Fiber Sensing Technology: 2nd Edition)
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