Journal Description
Psychiatry International
Psychiatry International
is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal on psychiatric research and practice, published quarterly online by MDPI.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within ESCI (Web of Science), Scopus, EBSCO, and other databases.
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 34 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 5.8 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the first half of 2024).
- Journal Rank: CiteScore - Q2 (Psychiatric Mental Health)
- Recognition of Reviewers: APC discount vouchers, optional signed peer review, and reviewer names published annually in the journal.
- Journal Clusters-Neurosciences: Brain Sciences, Neurology International, NeuroSci, Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Neuroglia, Psychiatry International, Clocks & Sleep and Journal of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease.
Impact Factor:
1.2 (2023);
5-Year Impact Factor:
1.1 (2023)
Latest Articles
Occupational Stress Among Italian Postgraduate Medical Trainees: A Pilot Study for the Validation of the SCOPE Questionnaire
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 809-822; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040055 - 24 Oct 2024
Abstract
The occupational environment may affect one’s psychophysical health by leveraging both external workplace stressors and individual psychological responses. We developed a comprehensive questionnaire to assess occupational stress among postgraduate medical trainees, investigating both situational and personal aspects. Exploratory factor analysis was used to
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The occupational environment may affect one’s psychophysical health by leveraging both external workplace stressors and individual psychological responses. We developed a comprehensive questionnaire to assess occupational stress among postgraduate medical trainees, investigating both situational and personal aspects. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the constructs captured by the questionnaire, and reliability was assessed by estimating Cronbach’s alpha. Construct-specific scores were computed, and their correlation with established pre-validated scales (criterion validation) was assessed. Four factors—“stress”, “coping”, “empathy”, and “trauma”—explained 50% of data variability and demonstrated satisfactory overall internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.76). Significant correlations were found between the “stress” score and the “emotional exhaustion” component of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) (r = −0.76), the “coping” score and the “positive attitudes” component of the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (COPE) (r = 0.46), and the “empathy” score with the “empathic concern” (r = 0.52), “fantasy” (r = 0.41), and “perspective taking” (r = 0.45) components of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). No significant differences in scores were found in terms of gender or medical specialization. This study suggests that the SCOPE questionnaire may be a promising tool for assessing workplace stress and psychological responses among medical residents.
Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Burnout Battleground: Navigating the Explosive Intersection of Technology, Work, Studies and Mental Well-Being—Identified Links with Mental Disorders)
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Open AccessReview
A Trans-Theoretical Systematization of Clinical Interventions Based on Dynamical Systems Research (DSR)
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Giulio de Felice and David Pincus
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 793-808; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040054 - 23 Oct 2024
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The scientific literature focused on the categorization of therapists’ interventions in clinical sessions, and their effects on patients, is not very extensive and often autoreferential. The most relevant findings clearly show the eclecticism of clinicians, grounding only 10–14% of their interventions on the
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The scientific literature focused on the categorization of therapists’ interventions in clinical sessions, and their effects on patients, is not very extensive and often autoreferential. The most relevant findings clearly show the eclecticism of clinicians, grounding only 10–14% of their interventions on the specific theoretical approach to which they belong. Despite that, a trans-theoretical systematization of clinical interventions is lacking. The present work aims to verify the feasibility of a trans-theoretical categorization of clinical interventions based on Dynamical Systems Research in psychotherapy (DSR). For this purpose, the authors present the results of three literature reviews. The first sections of this paper present the literature on the historical development of clinical interventions within the psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral approaches. In the fourth section, the review of the DSR literature in psychotherapy and the systematization of clinical interventions according to such a unifying framework are introduced. Clinical interventions can be aimed at increasing the patient’s stability and flexibility, with the final objective of promoting H-L Synchronization and S-F Oscillations. The connections between the DSR-based categorization and the literature pertaining to the psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral approaches are highlighted. Finally, in the conclusions, the limitations and potential developments of this scientific area are discussed.
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Open AccessArticle
The Level of Serotonin and the Parameters of Lipid Metabolism Are Dependent on the Mental Status of Patients with Suicide Attempts
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Roza Tatayeva, Aruzhan Tussupova, Sholpan Koygeldinova, Sandugash Serkali, Ainash Suleimenova and Bauyrzhan Askar
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 773-792; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040053 - 17 Oct 2024
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Suicidal behavior is an important public health problem often associated with psychological and biological factors. Understanding the role of biochemical markers, such as cholesterol and serotonin levels, may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying suicidal tendencies. This study aimed to investigate the relationship
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Suicidal behavior is an important public health problem often associated with psychological and biological factors. Understanding the role of biochemical markers, such as cholesterol and serotonin levels, may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying suicidal tendencies. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between lipid profile parameters, serotonin levels, and psychological status in individuals who had attempted suicide. Patients with suicidal attempts underwent a psychiatric evaluation and blood samples were taken to measure serotonin levels, total cholesterol, and lipid metabolism parameters. Psychological assessments included measures of depression, stress, and hopelessness; assessments of motivation; suicidal tendencies; and assessments of psychological and physical aspects of fear of death. The study found a significant positive correlation between serotonin and cholesterol levels (r = 0.6883, p < 0.0001). Lower levels of serotonin and cholesterol were associated with higher rates of depression and stress. These findings suggest that dyslipidemia may be associated with reduced serotonin function, which may contribute to the development of suicidal behavior. The study highlights the potential role of cholesterol and serotonin in the development of suicidal behavior, along with the mental status of patients. Evaluating the interaction of neurobiological and social–psychological factors provide an opportunity to search for peripheral biomarkers of suicide risk.
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Open AccessReview
Substance-Induced Psychosis: Diagnostic Challenges and Phenomenological Insights
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Valerio Ricci, Giovanni Martinotti and Giuseppe Maina
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 759-772; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040052 - 15 Oct 2024
Abstract
Substance-induced psychosis (SIP) is an increasingly prevalent and complex condition that presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. With the rising use of novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) and potent traditional compounds like cannabis and cocaine, particularly among adolescents and young adults, understanding the mechanisms
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Substance-induced psychosis (SIP) is an increasingly prevalent and complex condition that presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. With the rising use of novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) and potent traditional compounds like cannabis and cocaine, particularly among adolescents and young adults, understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of SIP has become more critical. This review examines the psychopathological characteristics of SIP, focusing on the differentiation between substance-induced and primary psychotic disorders. Two key concepts are explored: Gaëtan de Clérambault’s “mental automatism”, which describes involuntary thoughts and sensations experienced as alien to the self, and the “twilight state” of consciousness, characterized by an altered perception of space, time, and social interaction. These phenomena are essential in understanding how substance use triggers psychotic processes and how SIP differs from endogenous psychosis. This review also highlights the clinical and phenomenological distinctions between acute and chronic psychotic episodes, emphasizing the potential transition from SIP to persistent psychosis, especially in cases of frequent and potent substance use. It discusses the diagnostic and therapeutic importance of recognizing specific psychopathological markers such as alterations in temporality, spatiality, and intersubjectivity. Understanding these features enhances the clinician’s ability to accurately differentiate SIP from primary psychotic disorders, which is often complicated by the widespread use of substances that may not be easily detectable in standard tests. This review concludes by advocating for a clinical–phenomenological approach to empathically engage with patients and provide a solid diagnostic framework for improved treatment strategies, particularly for those at risk of transitioning to chronic psychosis.
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Open AccessArticle
Evaluating the Efficacy of Psychiatric Interventions on Occupational Dysfunction in Major Depressive and Anxiety Disorder Patients
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Kalliopi Iliou, Athanasios Kouletsos, Anna Maria Dokali, Aikaterini Katsiana and Konstantinos Georgiou
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 738-758; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040051 - 15 Oct 2024
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of psychiatric interventions on occupational dysfunction in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorder (AD). Occupational dysfunction is a significant concern in these populations, severely impairing the ability to perform daily activities and fulfill work and
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This study investigates the impact of psychiatric interventions on occupational dysfunction in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorder (AD). Occupational dysfunction is a significant concern in these populations, severely impairing the ability to perform daily activities and fulfill work and social roles. This research seeks to evaluate how different psychiatric interventions, including pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, affect patients’ occupational performance and overall quality of life. This study analyzed data from outpatients diagnosed with MDD and AD based on ICD-10 criteria. Participants were assessed before and after intervention using scales that measure anxiety, depression, and occupational task difficulty. Results demonstrated a significant improvement in patients’ ability to perform a wide range of tasks, including personal hygiene, work-related activities, and social engagement, following treatment. The study highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, emphasizing that both pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy significantly contribute to reducing occupational dysfunction and enhancing quality of life. These findings underscore the need for tailored interventions that address the specific occupational challenges faced by individuals with MDD and AD, aiming for long-term functional recovery.
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Open AccessArticle
Child and Adolescent Mental Health in a Period of Fewer COVID-19-Related Restrictions in an Urban Population in Germany
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Anna Konopka, Amand Führer, Mascha Binder, Sophie Diexer, Thomas Frese, Michael Gekle, Matthias Girndt, Cornelia Gottschick, Jessica Hoell, Bianca Klee, Katharina Kreilinger, Irene Moor, Jonas Rosendahl, Daniel Sedding, Jan-Henning Klusmann, Rafael Mikolajczyk and Katja Raberger
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 718-737; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040050 - 12 Oct 2024
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The aim of this study was to assess the mental health situation of children and adolescents during a period of less strict COVID-19-pandemic-related measures after the first pandemic wave. This cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2021 by carrying out an online survey
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The aim of this study was to assess the mental health situation of children and adolescents during a period of less strict COVID-19-pandemic-related measures after the first pandemic wave. This cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2021 by carrying out an online survey among children and adolescents (aged 10–18 years) from Halle (Saale), Germany (n = 233). The questionnaire measured important aspects of mental health among young people, namely health-related quality of life (HRQoL, using the self-report version of the KIDSCREEN-10), mental health problems in general (using the SDQ), depressive symptoms (using the CES-DC), and psychosomatic complaints (using the HBSC symptom checklist). In addition, other important health issues such as sleep behavior and related difficulties, disordered eating, and any positive consequences of the pandemic were addressed. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. A total of 223 children participated in the survey. About 69.7% of the participating children and adolescents had a high HRQoL, while 10.5% displayed abnormal results on the SDQ. There were indications of emotional problems in 16.5% of the participants based on the SDQ subscales. Almost 44% of the participants were screened as positive for depressive symptoms on the CES-DC, with girls and older adolescents being more likely to be affected. This also applied for psychosomatic complaints. Here, irritability was experienced at least once a week or more frequently by 58.9% of the children and adolescents. Although we had a small sample size, this study showed a high prevalence of mental health problems regarding the SDQ and HRQoL. However, our study population showed a better mental health than comparable studies conducted earlier in the pandemic. Depressive symptoms were still substantially higher than those in pre-pandemic data. We hypothesize that this might reflect the fact that there were a few COVID-19-related restrictions at the time when our survey took place. Based on these findings, we assume that the mental health of children and adolescents differed between different phases in the pandemic.
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Open AccessReview
Mental Imagery between Cognition and Emotion: A Narrative Review
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Francesco Maria Boccaccio, Alessia Pennisi, Claudia Savia Guerrera, Giuseppe Alessio Platania, Vittoria Torre, Simone Varrasi, Venera Francesca Vezzosi, Flavia Coco, Sabrina Castellano and Concetta Pirrone
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 697-717; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040049 - 9 Oct 2024
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Mental imagery is a cognitive ability that enables individuals to simulate sensory experiences without external stimuli. This complex process involves generating, manipulating, and experiencing sensory perceptions. Despite longstanding interest, understanding its relationship with other cognitive functions and emotions remains limited. This narrative review
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Mental imagery is a cognitive ability that enables individuals to simulate sensory experiences without external stimuli. This complex process involves generating, manipulating, and experiencing sensory perceptions. Despite longstanding interest, understanding its relationship with other cognitive functions and emotions remains limited. This narrative review aims to address this gap by exploring mental imagery’s associations with cognitive and emotional processes. It emphasizes the significant role of mental imagery on different cognitive functions, with a particular focus on learning processes in different contexts, such as school career, motor skill acquisition, and rehabilitation. Moreover, it delves into the intricate connection between mental imagery and emotions, highlighting its implications in psychopathology and therapeutic interventions. The review also proposes a comprehensive psychometric protocol to assess mental imagery’s cognitive and emotional dimensions, enabling a thorough evaluation of this complex construct. Through a holistic understanding of mental imagery, integrating cognitive and emotional aspects, researchers can advance comprehension and application in both research and clinical settings.
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Open AccessArticle
What Triggers Mental Disorders? Examining the Role of Increasing Relationships between Self-Regulatory Efficacy Expectations and Behavioral Intensity
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Elisabeth (Lisa) Schetter and Malte Schwinger
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 672-696; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040048 - 9 Oct 2024
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Background: Extreme promotion and prevention focus (foci) of the value need can lead to mental disorders due to a reinforcement mechanism between efficacy expectations (EEs) and behavioral intensity (BI) that then sets in. A reliable measurement instrument capturing the onset of this reinforcement
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Background: Extreme promotion and prevention focus (foci) of the value need can lead to mental disorders due to a reinforcement mechanism between efficacy expectations (EEs) and behavioral intensity (BI) that then sets in. A reliable measurement instrument capturing the onset of this reinforcement could facilitate disorder prevention. Additionally, the needs for truth and control may also trigger mental disorders in extremes of their foci, though these foci lack conceptualization. Thus, designing foci for each need, we developed both an item pool to assess EEs and BI of all foci across all needs and a procedure for compiling group-specific scales from it to capture EE–BI correlations for preventive purposes. We examined both the overall suitability of the pool and of the procedure to compile those scales from it that are reliable, valid, and most probably capable of capturing the EE–BI reinforcement onset in a specific group (here, our calibration sample, N = 198, 77% female). Methods: All eligible scales from the item pool were tested for cubic EE–BI correlations (high majorities of the expected cubic shape indicated item pool suitability), and those yielding the most cubic relationships were assessed in nonlinear PLS structural equation modeling with regard to their significance, reliability, and validity. Results: The item pool and procedure were largely suitable, producing reliable, valid scales where EEs significantly predicted BI cubically. Conclusions: The item pool and the method for identifying group-specific scales mark an important step toward better risk group identification. Further studies are needed to determine their actual predictive relevance for mental disorders.
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Open AccessArticle
Exploring the Moderating Role of Hedonia and Eudaimonia on the Relationship between Stress and Mental Health in Young Adults
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Ivana Marcinko
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 660-671; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040047 - 9 Oct 2024
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Considering that research points to the discrepancy regarding the positive role of hedonia as opposed to eudaimonia in physical health, the aim of this study was to investigate the moderating effects of hedonia and eudaimonia on the relationship between stress and general mental
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Considering that research points to the discrepancy regarding the positive role of hedonia as opposed to eudaimonia in physical health, the aim of this study was to investigate the moderating effects of hedonia and eudaimonia on the relationship between stress and general mental health in young adults. A total of 328 participants took part in the study, 36.6% of whom were males, with ages ranging from 18 to 30, and a median age of 19 years (SD = 1.32). Questionnaires were used to measure well-being states, stress, and mental health. The results showed that hedonia moderated the relationship between low-stress conditions and general mental health. Eudaimonia, on the other hand, had a nonsignificant effect on the relationships tested. The findings indicate that an orientation toward pleasure may be the path to achieving mental health in the midst of stressful circumstances.
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Open AccessArticle
COVID-19 and Its Influence on Prevalence of Dementia and Agitation in Australian Residential Aged Care: A Comparative Study
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Yunshu Zhu, Ping Yu, Wanqing Li, Ting Song, Zhenyu Zhang, Mengyang Yin, Hui Chen (Rita) Chang, Lixin (Lee) Song and Chao Deng
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 642-659; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040046 - 30 Sep 2024
Abstract
Agitation is one of the most common and persistent behavioral and psychological symptoms among persons with dementia (PWD) in residential aged care facilities (RACFs). While most studies have explored the general impact of COVID-19 on the mental health and well-being of aged care
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Agitation is one of the most common and persistent behavioral and psychological symptoms among persons with dementia (PWD) in residential aged care facilities (RACFs). While most studies have explored the general impact of COVID-19 on the mental health and well-being of aged care residents, there has been limited research on the pandemic’s impact on agitation in dementia within RACFs. This knowledge is crucial to ensuring that RACFs are better equipped to handle future public health emergencies. Therefore, this retrospective cohort study investigates the impact of the pandemic on agitation incidents within 40 Australian RACFs. Using Python, we extracted agitation symptoms from nursing notes and compared the frequency and percentage of symptom occurrence pre-pandemic versus during-pandemic. Chi-square tests examined any significant change in the prevalence of dementia and agitation in dementia between the comparative groups and periods. Dementia prevalence dropped significantly during the second year of the pandemic, with a concurrent increase in early-onset dementia cases. Overall, agitation symptoms decreased by 20.1%, but six symptoms significantly increased: resisting (28.98%), wandering (11.78%), restlessness (3.19%), complaining (10.1%), arguing (2.36%), and outbursts (1.74%). Conversely, pacing decreased by 15.88% and speaking loudly decreased by 10.9%. Over half of the care recipients with dementia experienced agitation symptoms 2–5 times each year, increasing from 50.56% in 2019 to 58.28% in 2021. Despite the co-occurrence of symptoms such as falls, confusion, and weakness, there was no evidence to suggest that these comorbidities were specific to COVID-19; rather, they appeared to be prevalent even before the pandemic. Persons with agitation in dementia had a significantly higher death rate during the COVID-19 pandemic than otherwise.
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Open AccessArticle
Interdisciplinary Insights and Global Perspectives on ADHD in Children: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis (2014–2024)
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Mohamed E. Elnageeb, Elsadig Mohamed Ahmed, Khalid M. Adam, Ali M. Edris, Elshazali Widaa Ali, Elmoiz Idris Eltieb, Eltayeb Abdelazeem Idress, D. S. Veerabhadra Swamy, Mohammed Hassan Moreljwab and Ali M. S. Eleragi
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 616-641; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040045 - 29 Sep 2024
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This study used bibliometric analysis to investigate the research on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in pediatric populations between January 2014 and January 2024. The Scopus database is utilized to gather a diverse array of scholarly research on this complex ailment. Our objective was to
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This study used bibliometric analysis to investigate the research on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in pediatric populations between January 2014 and January 2024. The Scopus database is utilized to gather a diverse array of scholarly research on this complex ailment. Our objective was to compile a comprehensive dataset on understanding and managing ADHD by selecting specific terms such as “ADHD in Children”, “ADHD Treatment and Management”, and “Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder”. We utilized the advanced analytical capabilities of Biblioshiny (bibliometrix R-package) and VOSviewer (VOSviewer version 1.6.19), within our methodological framework, to do network analysis. By conducting this analysis, we were able to examine patterns in publications, author affiliations, the geographic spread of research, and identify influential texts and developing research topics. The findings underscore the collaborative endeavors of medicine, psychology, and neuroscience in tackling the physiological and psychological aspects of ADHD, with a focus on interdisciplinary contributions. The extensive global impact of ADHD research is highlighted by the significant contributions made by countries including the United States, China, the UK, the Netherlands, and Canada. Our data indicates a notable shift towards holistic strategies that encompass socioeconomic, environmental, and behavioral aspects, alongside emerging practices like the utilization of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques in research. This bibliometric study offers a comprehensive view of ADHD research by identifying significant patterns and clusters of themes. It illuminates the shifts in scientific conversation over time and identifies areas that show potential for additional research. The study advocates for ongoing collaboration across various disciplines and nations, emphasizing the significance of innovative strategies to enhance the well-being of those affected by ADHD.
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Open AccessArticle
Forgotten Victims of War: A Rapid Review of Counseling Needs and a Proposed Intervention Model for Civilian Survivors
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Runna Alghazo and Paola Premuda-Conti
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 601-615; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040044 - 29 Sep 2024
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The counseling needs of civilian war victims, particularly those not classified as refugees, have been largely neglected in academic counseling research. This study addresses this gap by conducting a rapid literature review to evaluate the current state of counseling services available to these
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The counseling needs of civilian war victims, particularly those not classified as refugees, have been largely neglected in academic counseling research. This study addresses this gap by conducting a rapid literature review to evaluate the current state of counseling services available to these individuals. Using Google Scholar and Web of Science, we identified and reviewed studies on counseling services for war veterans, refugees, and civilians in conflict zones. This review revealed a significant lack of structured counseling support for non-refugee civilian war victims, despite their high vulnerability. Findings indicate that while substantial efforts have been made to support refugees and veterans, the mental health needs of civilians who remain in conflict areas are often unmet, with existing services being sparse and inadequately documented. To address this issue, we propose a preliminary model that includes culturally sensitive counseling programs, training for local counselors, and international collaboration to provide sustainable support. This study highlights the urgent need for focused research and practical interventions to develop comprehensive counseling programs for these overlooked victims of war, and encourages researchers to address this critical gap in mental health services.
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Open AccessReview
Insights from Bibliometric Analysis of Epilepsy Research in Morocco between 1969 and 2024
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Abdelaziz Zennati, Driss Ousaaid and Youssef Khabbal
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 589-600; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040043 - 29 Sep 2024
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Epilepsy is a critical neurological condition characterized by the disturbance of the excitatory neuron network, resulting in recurrent seizures. It is a serious health problem requiring intensive attention. The present study was designed to use bibliometric analysis to assess scientific research output on
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Epilepsy is a critical neurological condition characterized by the disturbance of the excitatory neuron network, resulting in recurrent seizures. It is a serious health problem requiring intensive attention. The present study was designed to use bibliometric analysis to assess scientific research output on pharmacogenetics in epilepsy and drug-resistant epilepsy in Morocco during 1969–2024. The main objective of this study was to analyze scientific production and research development and to introduce available solutions to manage the elevating burden of epilepsy. The strategy approach comprised a suitable search scheme to collect publications related to epilepsy using the Scopus database. All the documents retrieved were analyzed to determine several parameters, including the number of publications annually, type of documents, institution and author productivity, and relevant sources. Studies on pharmacogenetics and drug-resistant epilepsy in Morocco are limited. The findings revealed that the number of articles has increased during the last decade. Publications remain scarce, especially on pharmacogenetics and drug-resistant epilepsy, and the most widely available publications include articles on epilepsy, seizures, mental illness, and anticonvulsant agents. Based on the search strategy, a bibliometric analysis identified potential subjects for further study. Consequently, research on epilepsy is essential to fully understand the condition, but it remains insufficient, and further studies are required, particularly on the pharmacogenetics of epilepsy.
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Open AccessEditorial
Sleep and Pregnancy: Future Perspectives from Circadian and Precision Medicine
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Antonio Del Casale, Jan Francesco Arena, Paolo Girardi and Gloria Angeletti
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 585-588; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040042 - 24 Sep 2024
Abstract
Ten years ago, the Society for Women’s Health Research highlighted sleep as a significant area of interest in women’s health research [...]
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Open AccessArticle
Adolescent Suicides in the Western Pacific Region Have Become a More Serious Public Health Problem than in Other Regions
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Ruri Okubo, Ryusuke Matsumoto, Eishi Motomura and Motohiro Okada
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(4), 564-584; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5040041 - 24 Sep 2024
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Globally, suicide mortality rates have decreased in this century; however, it has been reported that the decreasing trends of some subgroups were attenuated in the late 2010s. These tendencies are pronounced among adolescents. In this study, the temporal fluctuations of the age-standardized death
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Globally, suicide mortality rates have decreased in this century; however, it has been reported that the decreasing trends of some subgroups were attenuated in the late 2010s. These tendencies are pronounced among adolescents. In this study, the temporal fluctuations of the age-standardized death rate of suicide (ASDR-suicide), crude mortality rate of suicide (CMR-suicide), and percentage of suicides per total deaths (PTD-suicide) among adolescents (10–24 years) in the global high-income and middle-income countries and in the Western Pacific Region (WPR) from 1990 to 2019, as well as the fixed effects of communication factors (penetration of cellular telephones and the Internet) on the ASDR-suicide/CMR-suicide/PTD-suicide of adolescents, were analyzed using the WHO Mortality Database. The male ASDR-suicide in global middle-income countries decreased, and those of males in global high-income countries and females in middle-income countries were unchanged, while the rate of other groups (males in the WPR and females in high-income countries and the WPR) increased. The ASDR-suicide of adolescent males in the WPR was almost equivalent to that of males in global high-income and middle-income countries in the 1990s but was higher than the rate in the 2010s. The ASDR-suicide of adolescent females in the WPR was consistently higher than that of females in global high-income and middle-income countries from 1990 to 2019, but the differences widened over time. The PTD-suicide of both males and females in middle-income countries was unchanged, whereas the PTD-suicide in global high-income countries and the WPR increased over time. The PTD-suicide in the WPR markedly increased by >40% in the late 2010s. The fixed effects of cellular telephone and Internet penetrations were negatively and positively related to adolescent suicide in the WPR, respectively. Therefore, these results suggest that, in this century, suicide prevention in adolescent health activities has been increasing in importance in the WPR compared with other regions.
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Open AccessSystematic Review
Piperazine Abuse and Psychosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature
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Alessio Mosca, Stefania Chiappini, Andrea Miuli, Gianluca Mancusi, Clara Cavallotto, John M. Corkery, Livia Miotti, Mauro Pettorruso, Giovanni Martinotti and Fabrizio Schifano
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(3), 552-563; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5030040 - 20 Sep 2024
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Background: Piperazines, synthetic compounds known for their stimulant and hallucinogenic effects, have gained prominence among novel psychoactive substances (NPS) and are frequently associated with adverse psychiatric outcomes, including psychosis. Methods: A systematic review of the literature available up to 23 May 2024 was
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Background: Piperazines, synthetic compounds known for their stimulant and hallucinogenic effects, have gained prominence among novel psychoactive substances (NPS) and are frequently associated with adverse psychiatric outcomes, including psychosis. Methods: A systematic review of the literature available up to 23 May 2024 was conducted, using the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, in addition to the related gray literature, utilizing the following search strategy: “piperazines” AND (“psychosis” OR “hallucination” OR “delusion” OR “schizophrenia” OR “delusional” OR “schizoaffective”) NOT review NOT animal. Data collection adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The research methods were registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024549204). Results: Out of a total of 4547 articles identified, 4 met the inclusion criteria. We observed an important relationship between piperazine abuse and the onset of acute psychotic episodes, marked by symptoms such as paranoia, auditory, and visual hallucinations. Conclusion: The complex polyreceptor action mechanism of piperazines may explain these psychopathological effects, similar to those observed with other NPS. Although studies confirm a link between piperazine use and psychosis, data on long-term outcomes are limited. Recovery is common following cessation and treatment. Further research into the effects of piperazine abuse and the development of specific treatment protocols for substance-induced psychosis is necessary.
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Open AccessArticle
Risk Factors Associated with Suicidal Ideation in Students of the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, URSE
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Iván Antonio García-Montalvo, Diana Matías-Pérez, Silvia Lois López-Castellanos, Enrique López-Ramírez and Moisés Martínez-López
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(3), 544-551; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5030039 - 20 Sep 2024
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Suicidal ideation is a process that is intertwined with suicidal behavior. It begins with the formation of an idea about whether it is worth continuing to live, an idea that can evolve and trigger a series of actions ranging from planning to the
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Suicidal ideation is a process that is intertwined with suicidal behavior. It begins with the formation of an idea about whether it is worth continuing to live, an idea that can evolve and trigger a series of actions ranging from planning to the execution of the suicidal act. This is a descriptive observational study based on numerical measurements with its respective statistical analysis that established the behavioral patterns of the phenomenon studied. The research proposal was approved by the research committee of the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, URSE; data collection was performed through the instruments: Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Abbreviated Scale of School Bullying Questionnaire, Drug Dependence Identification Questionnaire, and Family Apgar. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 5.4%; 19.7% of the medical students have been victims of bullying in any form; 22.2% reported regular use of alcohol, tobacco, drugs, and other addictive substances; in addition, 17.7% had mild family dysfunction, moderate in 9.9% and severe with 15.3%; depression was recorded to a mild degree with 6.4%, followed by moderate in 1.5% of cases. Suicidal ideation among medical students is of concern; these problems must be addressed comprehensively, promoting a supportive environment that promotes the mental health and well-being of medical students.
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Open AccessArticle
How Important Are Optimism and Coping Strategies for Mental Health? Effect in Reducing Depression in Young People
by
Jorge Palacios-Delgado, Delia Brenda Acosta-Beltrán and Jessica Noemí Acevedo-Ibarra
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(3), 532-543; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5030038 - 12 Sep 2024
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Depression is one of the most common disorders worldwide, including in Mexico. Engagement coping and optimism promote mental health, so understanding the mediation of optimism between coping strategies with depression helps to identify the psychological resources that young people can use to mitigate
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Depression is one of the most common disorders worldwide, including in Mexico. Engagement coping and optimism promote mental health, so understanding the mediation of optimism between coping strategies with depression helps to identify the psychological resources that young people can use to mitigate depression. This study aims to test the direct and indirect effects of four coping strategies through three optimism factors on affective depression in a mediator path model in young people. In a cross-sectional study, 848 young Mexican people completed the evaluation instruments of the Trait Depression Inventory, Mexican Optimism Scale (MOS), and Coping Strategies (CSI-SF). Moderate mediation analysis was performed. Optimism and coping strategies significantly predict depression. Furthermore, optimism mediated the association between problem-focused engagement coping and depressive symptoms. Problem- and emotion-focused coping and optimism protect young people from depression. Likewise, young people with greater optimism use problem-focused engagement coping, which reduces depressive symptoms. Psychosocial interventions that promote positive outlook, affective resources, and hope combined with engagement coping strategies are suggested for the management of depression.
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Open AccessArticle
Network Analysis of Bulimia and Eating Behavior Regulation in Subclinical Population
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Dana Rad, Radiana Marcu, Anca Dicu, Lavinia Denisia Cuc, Daniela Roman, Lucián Liviusz Olteanu, Mihaela Gavrila-Ardelean, Mihai Ioan Kunszabo and Liviu Gavrila-Ardelean
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(3), 515-531; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5030037 - 11 Sep 2024
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This study explores the complex relationships between various dimensions of eating behavior regulation and their impact on bulimia and food preoccupation using network analysis. The objective was to identify key regulatory mechanisms that influence bulimic behaviors and food-related obsessions. The study analyzed data
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This study explores the complex relationships between various dimensions of eating behavior regulation and their impact on bulimia and food preoccupation using network analysis. The objective was to identify key regulatory mechanisms that influence bulimic behaviors and food-related obsessions. The study analyzed data from 659 participants, recruited via convenience sampling, using scales that measured intrinsic motivation, integrated regulation, identified regulation, introjected regulation, external regulation, amotivation, and bulimia and food preoccupation. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed significant negative relationships between bulimia and both introjected regulation (r = −0.345, p < 0.001) and external regulation (r = −0.298, p < 0.001). Network analysis highlighted identified regulation and introjected regulation as central nodes with substantial influence over bulimia and food preoccupation, while integrated regulation demonstrated a significant indirect impact. The perception that food is necessary for life and energy, as well as for nourishment, enjoyment, social and cultural relationships, and emotional comfort, was further demonstrated using qualitative thematic analysis. The aforementioned results emphasize the pivotal functions of identified and introjected regulatory mechanisms in shaping conduct associated with food preoccupation and bulimia. According to the study, specific therapies that target these mechanisms may be essential for lowering bulimic symptoms and encouraging better eating practices.
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Open AccessArticle
Psychometric Study of Two Decision-Making Measures: The Melbourne Decision-Making Questionnaire versus the General Decision-Making Style Questionnaire
by
Anton Aluja, Ferran Balada, Oscar García and Luis F. García
Psychiatry Int. 2024, 5(3), 503-514; https://doi.org/10.3390/psychiatryint5030036 - 9 Sep 2024
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This study compares the Melbourne Decision-Making Questionnaire (MDMQ) and the General Decision-Making Style questionnaire (GDMS), two of the most widely used decision-making questionnaires in the literature, in a large age- and sex-weighted general population sample of 714 men (45.7%) and 848 women (54.3%)
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This study compares the Melbourne Decision-Making Questionnaire (MDMQ) and the General Decision-Making Style questionnaire (GDMS), two of the most widely used decision-making questionnaires in the literature, in a large age- and sex-weighted general population sample of 714 men (45.7%) and 848 women (54.3%) between 18 and 90 years old. The objective was to evaluate the convergent and construct validity between several aspects of these decision-making style questionnaires. The results indicate that the two questionnaires replicate the factorial structure of four and five factors reported in the original studies, respectively, through exploratory and confirmatory procedures in our cross-cultural context. The domains of both questionnaires that represent a strong or large correlation are Vigilance with Rational (0.50), and Hypervigilance, Buck-passing, and Procrastination with Avoidant (0.45, 0.52, and 0.60). A Structural Equations Model (SEM) between both questionnaires indicates that both latent factors formed by the domains of the MDMQ and the GDMS obtain a correlation of 0.96. It is concluded that the two questionnaires measure similar aspects of the decision-making construct.
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Burnout Battleground: Navigating the Explosive Intersection of Technology, Work, Studies and Mental Well-Being—Identified Links with Mental Disorders
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Beyond Academics: Integrating Emotional Regulation to Improve Mental Health in Educational Contexts
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