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Advanced Applications of Fiber Optic Sensors
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Advanced Applications of Fiber Optic Sensors

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2023) | Viewed by 6439

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sohel Rana

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Measurement Science Department, Idaho National Laboratory, 1955 N Fremont Avenue, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA
Interests: optical fiber; sensors; imaging optics; radiation effects on fiber sensors; THz radiation
Dr. Daniel Sweeney

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
Interests: fiber optic sensors; nuclear and medical instrumentation; mixed signal processing; heat and mass transfer in extreme environments
Dr. Austin Fleming

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Measurement Science Department, Idaho National Laboratory, 1955 N Fremont Avenue, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA
Interests: development and deployment of sensors for high irradiation environments with a focus on fiber optic-based sensors and the measurement of thermal behavior and properties under harsh conditions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recently, fiber optic sensors (FOS) have emerged as reliable instrumentation for many industries due to their unique advantages such as compact size, light weight, immunity to electromagnetic interference, high sensitivity, good stability, and multiplexing capabilities. As a result, their demand in monitoring different parameters like temperature, pressure, strain, chemicals, etc., in industry, nuclear reactors, and space has significantly increased. At the same time, FOSs face a series of challenges, as wide dynamic range, real-time measurement, and fast response are expected. 

The aim of the upcoming Special Issue is to offer a platform to perform research and discussions on different types of FOSs for their advanced applications.

Dr. Sohel Rana
Dr. Daniel Sweeney
Dr. Austin Fleming
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • grating-based fiber sensors
    • fiber Bragg grating (FBG)
    • long-period grating (LPG)
  • interferometry-based fiber sensors
    • Fabry–Perot interferometer
    • Mach Zehnder interferometer
    • Sagnac interferometers
  • distributed fiber optic sensors
    • Rayleigh scattering
    • Raman scattering
    • Brillouin scattering
  • FOS signal-processing strategies
    • uncertainty propagation
    • dynamic scattering centers
  • other novel and exceptional fiber optic sensors

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 7358 KiB  
Article
Photonics Scanning Pentaprism System for the Integrated Inspection of Large-Aperture Telescopes
by Qichang An, Hanfu Zhang, Kun Wang, Xinyue Liu and Hongwen Li
Sensors 2023, 23(15), 6650; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23156650 - 25 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1141
Abstract
To improve their spatial resolution and detection capabilities, future ground-based optical telescopes will have a size of 30 m, and the aperture of space telescopes will be increased to 10 m. Such large optical systems necessitate the development of large integrated testing equipment. [...] Read more.
To improve their spatial resolution and detection capabilities, future ground-based optical telescopes will have a size of 30 m, and the aperture of space telescopes will be increased to 10 m. Such large optical systems necessitate the development of large integrated testing equipment. In this study, spectrum and system alignment measurements and wavefront quality checking were performed using the sub-aperture detection method and a fiber-connected Photonics Scanning Pentaprism (PSP). First, the system was aligned using an optical truss, ensuring that the optical axis was properly positioned. Second, using a sub-aperture light beam though the entrance pupil, light spots were formed on the focal plane and transmitted to the spectrometer via fibers to obtain the corresponding spectral components. Then, by taking measurements at different system positions, a full-aperture spectrum response could be reached. Lastly, by photon-integrated interference on the focal plane, intensity interference fringes could be projected at the entrance pupil of the system. And the wavefront quality of the system could be verified by observing the fringe deformation. The measurement accuracy of the optical axis of the system is better than 2 mrad. The spectral measurement accuracy was better than 5%, and the wavefront measurement accuracy surpassed 0.1 wavelengths (1 wavelength = 633 nm). This study effectively enhanced the detection and in situ calibration capabilities of large telescope systems, ensuring that the performance requirements can be met in the design of future telescopes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Fiber Optic Sensors)
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18 pages, 6729 KiB  
Article
Interrogation Method with Temperature Compensation Using Ultra-Short Fiber Bragg Gratings in Silica and Polymer Optical Fibers as Edge Filters
by Luís Pereira, Rui Min, Getinet Woyessa, Ole Bang, Carlos Marques, Humberto Varum and Paulo Antunes
Sensors 2023, 23(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010023 - 20 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1674
Abstract
The use of simpler and less bulky equipment, with a reliable performance and at relative low cost is increasingly important when assembling sensing configurations for a wide variety of applications. Based on this concept, this paper proposes a simple, efficient and relative low-cost [...] Read more.
The use of simpler and less bulky equipment, with a reliable performance and at relative low cost is increasingly important when assembling sensing configurations for a wide variety of applications. Based on this concept, this paper proposes a simple, efficient and relative low-cost fiber Bragg grating (FBG) interrogation solution using ultra-short FBGs (USFBGs) as edge filters. USFBGs with different lengths and reflection bandwidths were produced in silica optical fiber and in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microstructured polymer optical fiber (mPOF), and by adjusting specific inscription parameters and the diffraction pattern, these gratings can present self-apodization and unique spectral characteristics suitable for filtering operations. In addition to being a cost-effective edge filter solution, USFBGs and standard uniform FBGs in silica fiber have similar thermal sensitivities, which results in a straightforward operation without complex equipment or calculations. This FBG interrogation configuration is also quite promising for dynamic measurements, and due to its multiplexing capabilities multiple USFBGs can be inscribed in the same optical fiber, allowing to incorporate several filters with identical or different spectral characteristics at specific wavelength regions in the same fiber, thus showing great potential to create and develop new sensing configurations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Fiber Optic Sensors)
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26 pages, 10349 KiB  
Article
Liquid Core Detection and Strand Condition Monitoring in a Continuous Caster Using Optical Fiber
by Deva Prasaad Neelakandan, Dinesh Reddy Alla, Jie Huang and Ronald J. O’Malley
Sensors 2022, 22(24), 9816; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22249816 - 14 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1488
Abstract
Real-time monitoring of the liquid core position during the continuous casting of steel has been demonstrated using low-cost distributed optical-fiber-based strain sensors. These sensors were installed on the containment roll support structures in the segments of a production continuous caster to detect the [...] Read more.
Real-time monitoring of the liquid core position during the continuous casting of steel has been demonstrated using low-cost distributed optical-fiber-based strain sensors. These sensors were installed on the containment roll support structures in the segments of a production continuous caster to detect the position of the solid–liquid interface and monitor the strand condition during the continuous casting. Distributed Fiber Bragg Grating sensors (FBGs) were used in this work to monitor strain at six roll positions in the caster. The sensor performance was first validated by comparing optical strain measurements with conventional strain gauge measurements in the lab. Next, optical strain measurements were performed on an isolated caster segment in a segment maintenance facility using hydraulic jacks to simulate the presence of a liquid core under the roll. Finally, the sensors were evaluated during caster operation. The sensors successfully detected the load increase associated with the presence of a liquid core under each instrumented roll location. Incidents of bulging and roll eccentricity were also detected using frequency analysis of the optical strain signal. The liquid core position measurements were compared using predictions from computer models (digital twins) in use at the production site. The measurements were in good agreement with the model predictions, with a few exceptions. Under certain transient caster operating conditions, such as spraying practice changes and SEN exchanges, the model predictions deviated slightly from the liquid core position determined from strain measurements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Fiber Optic Sensors)
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10 pages, 3366 KiB  
Article
Multiplexed Photonic Crystal Fiber Gas-Sensing Network Based on Intracavity Absorption
by Guangyao Wang, Jianping Sun, Ting Li, Hongjun Wang and Jiahao Li
Sensors 2022, 22(23), 9237; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22239237 - 28 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1409
Abstract
A highly sensitive hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF) gas-sensing network based on intracavity absorption is designed and experimentally verified. The capacity of the multichannel sensing network is expanded by time division multiplexing and wavelength division multiplexing technology. The voltage gradient method is employed [...] Read more.
A highly sensitive hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF) gas-sensing network based on intracavity absorption is designed and experimentally verified. The capacity of the multichannel sensing network is expanded by time division multiplexing and wavelength division multiplexing technology. The voltage gradient method is employed in the wavelength scanning process of Fabry–Perot (F-P) filter to enhance the detection efficiency up to six times. The proposed sensing network has 16 sensing points. Experimental results show that the minimum detection limit (MDL) of this sensing system is 25.91 ppm and 26.85 ppm at the acetylene gas absorption peaks of 1530.371 nm and 1531.588 nm, respectively. As far as we know, it is the first time to obtain an intracavity sensing network via the application of an optical switch and DWDM at the same time. The sensing network can be used for high-capacity, low-concentration dangerous gas detection. It has great potential in environmental monitoring, industrial manufacturing, safety inspection and similar occasions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Applications of Fiber Optic Sensors)
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