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Preparation and Application of Photonic Devices for Optical Sensing and Detection

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 4419

Special Issue Editors

1. State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Application, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
2. Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. Xiongan Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiongan 071800, China
Interests: narrow-width semiconductor laser; hybrid integrated laser; multi-wavelength laser; integrated photonic device; optical fiber photonic device; optical fiber sensors

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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
Interests: optical fiber sensing technology and applications; optical fiber biochemical sensing; micro and nano optical fiber sensing and applications

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Optical sensing and detection technology is widely used in environmental monitoring, energy exploration, autonomous driving, biomedicine and other fields, such as coherent laser detection, laser spectrum measurement and fiber optic distributed sensing. Lasers and optical sensors are the signal emitting and sensing units of optical sensing systems. The continuous breakthroughs in the mechanism, structure and performance of these photonic devices directly promote the progress of existing optical sensing technologies, further promoting the emergence of new optical sensing technologies and new application fields. For example, optimizing the linewidth and noise of lasers can significantly improve the frequency shift measurement accuracy of the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer. The high-temperature- and radiation-resistant optical fiber sensors can be used for sensing applications in aerospace vehicles, nuclear reactors and other environments. The mid-infrared fiber gratings are the key components of mid-infrared all-fiber lasers, which can be applied to the fields of high-sensitivity gas detection.

This Special Issue aims to provide a platform for discussing the latest challenges, developments and applications of photonic devices such as lasers and sensors for optical sensing. Therefore, this Special Issue welcomes scholars from relevant research fields to submit high-quality original articles and reviews.

The theme of this issue is but not limited to the following:

  • High-coherence laser and its application in coherent laser detection;
  • Tunable laser and its application in laser sensing;
  • Optical fiber photonic device and its application in optical sensing;
  • New optical sensors for extreme environments;
  • Silicon-based sensors and their hybrid integration with semiconductor lasers;
  • Preparation and sensing application of mid-infrared fiber gratings.

Dr. Chao Chen
Prof. Dr. Yongsen Yu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • optical fiber sensing
  • coherent laser detection
  • narrow linewidth laser
  • tunable laser
  • VCSEL
  • fiber optic sensor
  • fiber grating
  • silicon-based integrated sensor

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 5451 KiB  
Communication
Strain Measurement Technology and Precision Calibration Experiment Based on Flexible Sensing Fiber
by Bin Chen, Jun Yang, Ang Li, Min Zhang, Jin Li and Zhao Wang
Sensors 2024, 24(12), 3811; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24123811 - 13 Jun 2024
Viewed by 632
Abstract
As the basic application of fiber optic sensing technology, strain measurement accuracy as a key index needs to be further calibrated and analyzed. In this paper, accuracy calibration experiments and the related analyses of two fiber-optic sensing technologies, the fiber-optic grating (FBG) and [...] Read more.
As the basic application of fiber optic sensing technology, strain measurement accuracy as a key index needs to be further calibrated and analyzed. In this paper, accuracy calibration experiments and the related analyses of two fiber-optic sensing technologies, the fiber-optic grating (FBG) and optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR), are carried out using a standard beam of equal strength and a mature resistive strain gauge (ESG). The fiber-optic single-point strain data for loading and unloading changes of the beams of equal strength show good continuity and linearity, with good cyclic stability, and the error in the strain test data is less than 2% after repeated loading. At the same time, using finite element theory to analyze the data and using the measured data error within 5%, a good strain test curve linearity is achieved and R2 is better than 0.998. After repeated loading and unloading tests, it is verified that the fiber grating and the distributed optical fiber in the strain test have good stability in repeatability accuracy. The calibration experiments and data analysis in this paper further illustrate the three sensing technologies in determining the strain test accuracy and the advantages and disadvantages of the indicators, and the development of the fiber optic sensing technology application provides basic technical support. Full article
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12 pages, 1920 KiB  
Article
Yb2+-Doped Silicate Glasses as Optical Sensor Materials for Cryogenic Thermometry
by Hicham El Hamzaoui, Igor Razdobreev, Monika Cieslikiewicz-Bouet, Andy Cassez, Vincent Andrieux and Mohamed Bouazaoui
Sensors 2024, 24(1), 248; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24010248 - 31 Dec 2023
Viewed by 933
Abstract
Optical sensors constitute attractive alternatives to resistive probes for the sensing and monitoring of temperature (T). In this work, we investigated, in the range from 2 to 300 K, the thermal behavior of Yb2+ ion photoluminescence (PL) in glass hosts [...] Read more.
Optical sensors constitute attractive alternatives to resistive probes for the sensing and monitoring of temperature (T). In this work, we investigated, in the range from 2 to 300 K, the thermal behavior of Yb2+ ion photoluminescence (PL) in glass hosts for cryogenic thermometry. To that end, two kinds of Yb2+-doped preforms, with aluminosilicate and aluminophosphosilicate core glasses, were made using the modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) technique. The obtained preforms were then elongated, at about 2000 °C, to canes with an Yb2+-doped core of about 500 µm. Under UV excitation and independently of the core composition, all samples of preforms and their corresponding canes presented a wide visible emission band attributed to Yb2+ ions. Furthermore, PL kinetics measurements, recorded at two emission wavelengths (502 and 582 nm) under 355 nm pulsed excitation, showed an increase, at very low T, followed by a decrease in lifetime until room temperature (RT). A modified two-level model was proposed to interpret such a decay time dependence versus T. Based on the fit of lifetime data with this model, the absolute (Sa) and relative (Sr) sensitivities were determined for each sample. For both the preform and its corresponding cane, the aluminophosphosilicate glass composition featured the highest performances in the cryogenic domain, with values exceeding 28.3 µsK−1 and 94.4% K−1 at 30 K for Sa and Sr, respectively. The aluminophosphosilicate preform also exhibited the wider T operating range of 10–300 K. Our results show that Yb2+-doped silicate glasses are promising sensing materials for optical thermometry applications in the cryogenic domain. Full article
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Review

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29 pages, 5990 KiB  
Review
Linewidth Measurement of a Narrow-Linewidth Laser: Principles, Methods, and Systems
by Jia-Qi Chen, Chao Chen, Jing-Jing Sun, Jian-Wei Zhang, Zhao-Hui Liu, Li Qin, Yong-Qiang Ning and Li-Jun Wang
Sensors 2024, 24(11), 3656; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113656 - 5 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1849
Abstract
Narrow-linewidth lasers mainly depend on the development of advanced laser linewidth measurement methods for related technological progress as key devices in satellite laser communications, precision measurements, ultra-high-speed optical communications, and other fields. This manuscript provides a theoretical analysis of linewidth characterization methods based [...] Read more.
Narrow-linewidth lasers mainly depend on the development of advanced laser linewidth measurement methods for related technological progress as key devices in satellite laser communications, precision measurements, ultra-high-speed optical communications, and other fields. This manuscript provides a theoretical analysis of linewidth characterization methods based on the beat frequency power spectrum and laser phase noise calculations, and elaborates on existing research of measurement technologies. In addition, to address the technical challenges of complex measurement systems that commonly rely on long optical fibers and significant phase noise jitter in the existing research, a short-delay self-heterodyne method based on coherent envelope spectrum demodulation was discussed in depth to reduce the phase jitter caused by 1/f noise. We assessed the performance parameters and testing conditions of different lasers, as well as the corresponding linewidth characterization methods, and analyzed the measurement accuracy and error sources of various methods. Full article
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