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Multi-sensor Fusion for Positioning and Navigation of Aerospace Vehicles

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Remote Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 924

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
Interests: spacecraft guidance; navigation and control; spacecraft relative navigation; pose determination; electro-optical sensors; LIDAR; star tracker; unmanned aerial vehicles; autonomous navigation; sense and avoid; visual detection and tracking
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Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
Interests: UAV navigation; UAV path planning; integrated navigation; cooperative navigation; UAM; urban traffic; GNSS
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Navigation and Positioning systems, which are conceived to provide robotic platforms with accurate and real-time estimates of their state and covariance, are essential to the autonomous operations of aerospace vehicles in a wide range of application scenarios.

For instance, in the space domain, autonomous systems (e.g., satellites, probes, rovers and other robotic platforms) are required to perform next-generation space missions such as in-orbit servicing, in-orbit assembly, and active debris removal, while also being essential for the landing and exploration of planets and small celestial bodies. Similarly, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with an increased level of autonomy are envisaged to carry out many military and civilian tasks, such as inspection and surveillance, air transportation (e.g., within the urban air mobility framework), package delivery, 3D mapping, and precision agriculture.

In all these scenarios, multi-sensor fusion is widely recognized as a key solution to the design of real-time navigation and positioning systems that are able to satisfy extremely strict requirements in terms of accuracy, reliability and safety. In fact, multi-sensor architectures can provide not only increased robustness via redundancy, but also enhanced performance via the exploitation of the complementary characteristics of different sensor sources. Relevant examples are navigation systems integrating GNSS, magnetometers, and inertial sensors with exteroceptive sources like cameras, LIDARs, and radars.

Hence, this Special Issue welcomes original research contributions and state-of-the-art reviews on innovative technologies and algorithms that aim to enhance the autonomous navigation capabilities of future aerospace vehicles by exploiting multi-sensor architectures. Sensor fusion can occur at different levels, including raw data processing, cross-sensor cueing, and state estimation, as well as for robust environment perception. The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following:

  • Multi-sensor-based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM);
  • Multi-sensor fusion for hazard map generation and landing site selection;
  • Multi-sensor-based navigation for planetary landing;
  • Multi-sensor-based relative navigation for close-proximity operations on orbit;
  • Sensor fusion techniques for aerial vehicle navigation;
  • Autonomous navigation in indoor and outdoor environments;
  • Resilient navigation in GNSS denied or challenged environments;
  • Radar/visual/lidar-aided inertial navigation of unmanned aerial vehicles;
  • Assured positioning navigation and timing (A-PNT) techniques;
  • Cooperative navigation for swarms of heterogeneous or homogeneous aircrafts;
  • Galileo high-accuracy service (HAS) applications;
  • GNSS integrity monitoring.

Dr. Roberto Opromolla
Dr. Flavia Causa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • multi-sensor fusion
  • autonomous spacecraft
  • unmanned aerial vehicles
  • autonomous navigation
  • simultaneous localization and mapping
  • state estimation
  • GNSS denied/degraded environment
  • exteroceptive sensors
  • GNSS integrity monitoring

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

30 pages, 8921 KiB  
Article
Multi-Drone Cooperation for Improved LiDAR-Based Mapping
by Flavia Causa, Roberto Opromolla and Giancarmine Fasano
Sensors 2024, 24(10), 3014; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24103014 - 9 May 2024
Viewed by 681
Abstract
This paper focuses on mission planning and cooperative navigation algorithms for multi-drone systems aimed at LiDAR-based mapping. It aims at demonstrating how multi-UAV cooperation can be used to fulfill LiDAR data georeferencing accuracy requirements, as well as to improve data collection capabilities, e.g., [...] Read more.
This paper focuses on mission planning and cooperative navigation algorithms for multi-drone systems aimed at LiDAR-based mapping. It aims at demonstrating how multi-UAV cooperation can be used to fulfill LiDAR data georeferencing accuracy requirements, as well as to improve data collection capabilities, e.g., increasing coverage per unit time and point cloud density. These goals are achieved by exploiting the CDGNSS/Vision paradigm and properly defining the formation geometry and the UAV trajectories. The paper provides analytical tools to estimate point density considering different types of scanning LIDAR and to define attitude/pointing requirements. These tools are then used to support centralized cooperation-aware mission planning aimed at complete coverage for different target geometries. The validity of the proposed framework is demonstrated through numerical simulations considering a formation of three vehicles tasked with a powerline inspection mission. The results show that cooperative navigation allows for the reduction of angular and positioning estimation uncertainties, which results in a georeferencing error reduction of an order of magnitude and equal to 16.7 cm in the considered case. Full article
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