Soil Organic Matter: Recent Advancements in Exploring Its Dynamics, Stabilization and Prediction

A special issue of Soil Systems (ISSN 2571-8789).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 2093

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of AgroTechnologies and Sustainability, Institute of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica 23890-000, Brazil
Interests: soil organic matter; treatment of organic waste for agriculture; production of agricultural inputs

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Guest Editor
Department of AgroTechnologies and Sustainability, Institute of Agronomy, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica 23890-000, Brazil
Interests: digital soil mapping; soil physics; geostatistics; agroecology; geoprocessing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Despite its low participation (5%) in the soil solid phase, soil organic matter (SOM) is an important component of soil, influencing soil chemical, physical and biological properties; it is commonly referred to as soil quality indicator. SOM preservation, further accrual and stabilization are key to sustain not only soil security and food production, but also to mitigate global warming; thus, SOM is of paramount importance to humanity. Hence, understanding the main processes and drivers of SOM formation and persistence in soils is increasingly important to control emissions of greenhouse gases. Moreover, digital soil mapping approaches to spatially and temporally monitor soil carbon stock in a large scale are essential for land use and management decision making.

This Special Issue, ‘Soil Organic Matter: Recent Advancements in Exploring Its Dynamics, Stabilization and Prediction’, invites authors to submit their manuscripts addressing new findings as well as technological achievements in analyzing SOM. Some potential topics include nutrient cycle; biogeochemistry; soil carbon stocks and stabilization; measurement, monitoring, reporting and verification of soil organic carbon in agricultural landscapes; soil carbon stocks maps; and organic farming. Papers that link SOM dynamics, stocks and stabilization processes to large-scale processes such as carbon and nitrogen cycle are encouraged.

Prof. Dr. Érika Flávia Machado Pinheiro
Prof. Dr. Marcos Ceddia
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • soil organic matter
  • soil carbon predictions
  • soil carbon monitoring protocols
  • soil C and N dynamics
  • productivity pasture
  • integration crop livestock
  • integration crop livestock forest
  • no-till
  • soil C persistence in soils
  • soil carbon stock in forest and agroecosystems

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 7083 KiB  
Article
The Contribution of the Management of Landscape Features to Soil Organic Carbon Turnover among Farmlands
by Gemma Chiaffarelli, Fulvia Tambone and Ilda Vagge
Soil Syst. 2024, 8(3), 95; https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems8030095 - 30 Aug 2024
Viewed by 295
Abstract
Background: Landscape features (LF—i.e., the natural and semi-natural areas in agricultural landscapes) positively contribute to soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and storage among farmlands. LF-related SOC partitioning still needs context-specific investigation to properly address climate change mitigation goals. Not many studies address LF [...] Read more.
Background: Landscape features (LF—i.e., the natural and semi-natural areas in agricultural landscapes) positively contribute to soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and storage among farmlands. LF-related SOC partitioning still needs context-specific investigation to properly address climate change mitigation goals. Not many studies address LF phytocoenoses traits relation with SOC partitioning. Our study investigates SOC partitioning (total organic carbon [TOC]; labile dissolved organic carbon [DOC]; stable recalcitrant organic carbon [ROC]) between arable fields (AGR) and semi-natural/natural components (NAT: herbaceous field margins, young/mature hedgerows, young/mature woods) in a temperate alluvial pedoclimatic context (Po Plain, Northwestern Italy). Methods: We compared topsoil SOC and its fractions (0–20 cm depth) between: AGR-NAT sites; hedgerows (HED)-AGR sites; and different ecological quality degrees (phytocoenoses were classified by Biological Territorial Capacity [BTC] values and Index of Vegetation Naturalness categories [IVN]--). Results: Our results confirmed a significantly different SOC partitioning behaviour between AGR and NAT sites (NAT: +79% TOC; +409% ROC); AGR sites were negatively correlated with ROC. TOC was a robust ROC predictor. HED had significantly higher TOC (+71%) and ROC (+395%) compared to arable fields, with the highest values in mature hedgerows. DOC showed contrasted behaviours. A linear regression model on BTC and IVN (predictors) and TOC and ROC showed significant positive relationships, especially for ROC. Conclusions: Our study confirmed the LF role in long-term SOC storage among farmlands, which should be coupled with AGR management (with prevalent short-term SOC fractions). LF ecological quality was a determining factor in total and long-term SOC. Proper LF management is pivotal to aligning climate change mitigation goals with other ecological benefits. Full article
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21 pages, 21714 KiB  
Article
Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks and Soil Organic Matter Persistence under Native Vegetation along a Topographic and Vegetation Gradient in the Central Amazon Region
by Melania Merlo Ziviani, Érika Flávia Machado Pinheiro, Marcos Bacis Ceddia, Ana Carolina Souza Ferreira and Frederico Santos Machado
Soil Syst. 2024, 8(2), 65; https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems8020065 - 13 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1151
Abstract
The Amazon Forest has a soil organic carbon stock (SOCS) potential of 126 to 141 Tg year−1 and it depends on soil organic matter (SOM) accumulation factors and stabilization mechanisms. This study aimed to evaluate SOCS, soil nitrogen stocks (SNS), SOM fractions [...] Read more.
The Amazon Forest has a soil organic carbon stock (SOCS) potential of 126 to 141 Tg year−1 and it depends on soil organic matter (SOM) accumulation factors and stabilization mechanisms. This study aimed to evaluate SOCS, soil nitrogen stocks (SNS), SOM fractions under the Amazon Forest along a topographic and vegetation gradient (Terra Firme, River Plain, and Terraces), and to evaluate the main mechanisms responsible for SOM stabilization. The study was developed using 35 study points (35 profiles) in Coari County, Amazon State, Brazil. In each profile, soil samples were collected from soil horizon for soil analysis. Of the 35 soil profiles, 10 were selected to evaluate the contribution of free light fractions (FLF) and intra-aggregate light fractions (ILF), C and N contents, and SOCS and SNS up to 1 m soil depth. SOCS and SNS are influenced by topographic and vegetation gradient, being statistically equal in the Terra Firme and River Plains areas (median of 92.5 and 92.2 Mg C ha−1, respectively), but Terraces presented a greater median (157.9 Mg C ha−1). There are relationships between SOCS and SNS and C, N, Al, clay content, t value, FLF, and ILF. SOCS, SNS, and SOM stabilization in Amazon soils are influenced by soil properties and landscape position. SOCS in the Terrace is mainly in FLF form. If vegetation cover loss continues, an amount of up to 98.05 Mg C ha−1 of FLF can be lost, causing soil degradation and global warming. Full article
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