Genomic Profiling of Multidrug-Resistant Swine Escherichia coli and Clonal Relationship to Human Isolates in Peru
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Serotype and Muli-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST)
2.2. Virulence and Resistance Genes
2.3. Population of Swine and Human Peruvian E. coli Isolates
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Isolation, Sequencing, and Genome Sequences
4.2. Genome Characterization
4.3. CgMLST Hierarchical Clustering Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Classes of Antibiotics | Gene | Gene No./Isolate No. |
---|---|---|
Tetracyclines | tet(A) | 8/10 |
tet(B) | 4/10 | |
tet(M) | 2/10 | |
tet(C) | 1/10 | |
Beta-lactam | blaTEM-1A | 2/10 |
blaTEM-1B | 4/10 | |
blaTEM-176 | 1/10 | |
blaCTX-M-14 | 1/10 | |
Amphenicol | floR | 8/10 |
cmlA1 | 3/10 | |
Aminoglycosides | aac(3)-IId | 1/10 |
aadA2 | 1/10 | |
ant(3″)-Ia | 7/10 | |
aph(3′)-Ia_3 | 2/10 | |
aph(3′)-Ia_1 | 2/10 | |
aph(3′)-Ia_9 | 1/10 | |
aph(6)-Id | 3/10 | |
aph(3″)-Ib | 3/10 | |
Sulfonamides | sul3 | 8/10 |
sul2 | 2/10 | |
Quinolones | qnrS1 | 1/10 |
qnrB19 | 9/10 | |
Lincomycin | lnu(F) | 1/10 |
lnu(G) | 2/10 | |
Trimethoprim | dfrA12 | 2/10 |
dfrA1 | 3/10 | |
drfA14 | 1/10 | |
dfrA8 | 1/10 | |
Macrolides | mef(B) | 1/10 |
mdf(A) | 10/10 | |
Colistin | mcr-1.1 | 1/10 |
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Alvarez, L.; Carhuaricra, D.; Palomino-Farfan, J.; Calle, S.; Maturrano, L.; Siuce, J. Genomic Profiling of Multidrug-Resistant Swine Escherichia coli and Clonal Relationship to Human Isolates in Peru. Antibiotics 2023, 12, 1748. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12121748
Alvarez L, Carhuaricra D, Palomino-Farfan J, Calle S, Maturrano L, Siuce J. Genomic Profiling of Multidrug-Resistant Swine Escherichia coli and Clonal Relationship to Human Isolates in Peru. Antibiotics. 2023; 12(12):1748. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12121748
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlvarez, Luis, Dennis Carhuaricra, Joel Palomino-Farfan, Sonia Calle, Lenin Maturrano, and Juan Siuce. 2023. "Genomic Profiling of Multidrug-Resistant Swine Escherichia coli and Clonal Relationship to Human Isolates in Peru" Antibiotics 12, no. 12: 1748. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12121748