African American College Students’ Drinking Behaviors and Their Relationship to Self-Efficacy and Positive or Negative Expectancies Regarding Alcohol Consumption
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
- approximately 1519 deaths among students 18–24 years old;
- approximately 696,000 assaults on fellow peers;
- an estimated 97,000 sexual assaults or date rapes; and
- roughly 400,000 reported cases of unprotected intercourse.
3. Methods and Sampling
3.1. Participants
3.2. Procedure
3.3. Measures
4. Statistical Analysis
5. Results
6. Discussion
Limitations and Future Research
7. Implications for Social Work Practice
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | n | % |
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
Men | 95 | 33.7 |
Women | 187 | 66.3 |
Race | ||
African American | 276 | 97.9 |
African | 5 | 1.8 |
Bi-racial | 1 | 0.3 |
Relationship | ||
Single | 261 | 92.5 |
Married | 13 | 4.6 |
Separated | 3 | 1.1 |
Divorced | 5 | 1.8 |
Employment | ||
No | 7 | 2.5 |
Yes | 119 | 42.2 |
Part-time | 122 | 43.3 |
Full-time | 34 | 12.0 |
GPA | ||
Below 1.00 | 5 | 1.8 |
1.00–1.99 | 112 | 39.7 |
2.00–2.99 | 164 | 58.1 |
3.00–4.00 | 1 | 0.4 |
Religion | ||
Christian | 266 | 94.3 |
Other | 16 | 5.7 |
Importance of Religion | ||
Not Important | 5 | 1.8 |
Not Too Important | 4 | 1.4 |
Somewhat Important | 19 | 6.7 |
Fairly Important | 51 | 18.1 |
Very Important | 203 | 72.0 |
Subscales | Item Number |
---|---|
Positive Subscales | |
1. Global Positive 2. Social and Physical Pleasure 3. Sexual Enhancement 4. Power and Aggression 5. Social Expression 6. Relaxation and Tension Reduction | 8, 17, 22, 29, 40 13, 15, 21, 24, 27 7, 12, 19, 28, 31 1, 5, 9, 16, 32, 37 3, 20, 35, 38, 39 2, 4, 11, 25, 34 |
Negative Subscales | |
7. Cognitive and Physical Impairment 8. Careless Unconcern | 6, 10, 18, 23, 26 14, 30, 33, 36 |
How Often Do You Drink Alcohol? | n | % |
---|---|---|
Never | 67 | 23.8 |
Monthly or less | 113 | 40.0 |
2–4 times per month | 72 | 25.5 |
2–3 times weekly | 18 | 6.4 |
4 or more times per week | 11 | 3.9 |
Measure | n | M | SD | α |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alcohol Effects | 40 | 12.75 | 9.677 | 0.936 |
Questionnaire | ||||
Alcohol Expectancy (Pos) | 31 | 9.70 | 7.590 | 0.922 |
Alcohol Expectancy (Neg) | 9 | 3.06 | 2.783 | 0.837 |
Measure | n | M | SD | α |
---|---|---|---|---|
Spheres of Control | 30 | 131.66 | 20.890 | 0.825 |
Personal Efficacy Subscale | 1–10 | 48.53 | 8.225 | 0.696 |
Interpersonal Control Subscale | 11–20 | 20.59 | 7.022 | 0.707 |
Sociopolitical Control Subscale | 21–30 | 32.65 | 8.127 | 0.697 |
Model | r2 | B | β | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Step 1 | ||||
Positive Expectancy | 0.041 | 0.33 ** | ||
Negative Expectancy | 0.022 | 0.07 | ||
Step 2 | ||||
Interpersonal Control | 0.020 | 0.16 * | ||
Sociopolitical Control | −0.003 | −0.02 | ||
Personal Efficacy | −0.002 | −0.02 | ||
Total r2 | 0.187 (Adj. r2 = 0.170) |
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Jenkins, P.R.; Hernandez, P.M.; Harris, C.A. African American College Students’ Drinking Behaviors and Their Relationship to Self-Efficacy and Positive or Negative Expectancies Regarding Alcohol Consumption. Behav. Sci. 2020, 10, 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10100153
Jenkins PR, Hernandez PM, Harris CA. African American College Students’ Drinking Behaviors and Their Relationship to Self-Efficacy and Positive or Negative Expectancies Regarding Alcohol Consumption. Behavioral Sciences. 2020; 10(10):153. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10100153
Chicago/Turabian StyleJenkins, Patrice R., Pedro M. Hernandez, and Chaiqua A. Harris. 2020. "African American College Students’ Drinking Behaviors and Their Relationship to Self-Efficacy and Positive or Negative Expectancies Regarding Alcohol Consumption" Behavioral Sciences 10, no. 10: 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10100153