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Volume 11
Issue 4
10.3390/genes11040410
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Article

Gallop Racing Shifts Mature mRNA towards Introns: Does Exercise-Induced Stress Enhance Genome Plasticity?

by
Katia Cappelli
1,2,
Samanta Mecocci
1,2,*,
Silvia Gioiosa
3,
Andrea Giontella
1,2,
Maurizio Silvestrelli
1,2,
Raffaele Cherchi
4,
Alessio Valentini
5,
Giovanni Chillemi
5,6 and
Stefano Capomaccio
1,2
1
Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
2
Centro di Ricerca sul Cavallo Sportivo, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
3
SCAI-Super Computing Applications and Innovation Department, CINECA, 00185 Rome, Italy
4
AGRIS, Servizio Ricerca Qualità e Valorizzazione delle Produzioni Equine, Ozieri, 09127 Sassari, Italy
5
Dipartimento per l’Innovazione Nei Sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali, Università della Tuscia, 01100 Tuscia, Italy
6
Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, IBIOM, CNR, 70126 Bari, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Genes 2020, 11(4), 410; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11040410
Submission received: 28 February 2020 / Revised: 26 March 2020 / Accepted: 7 April 2020 / Published: 9 April 2020
(This article belongs to the Section Animal Genetics and Genomics)
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Abstract

Physical exercise is universally recognized as stressful. Among the “sport species”, the horse is probably the most appropriate model for investigating the genomic response to stress due to the homogeneity of its genetic background. The aim of this work is to dissect the whole transcription modulation in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) after exercise with a time course framework focusing on unexplored regions related to introns and intergenic portions. PBMCs NGS from five 3 year old Sardinian Anglo-Arab racehorses collected at rest and after a 2000 m race was performed. Apart from differential gene expression ascertainment between the two time points the complexity of transcription for alternative transcripts was identified. Interestingly, we noted a transcription shift from the coding to the non-coding regions. We further investigated the possible causes of this phenomenon focusing on genomic repeats, using a differential expression approach and finding a strong general up-regulation of repetitive elements such as LINE. Since their modulation is also associated with the “exonization”, the recruitment of repeats that act with regulatory functions, suggesting that there might be an active regulation of this transcriptional shift. Thanks to an innovative bioinformatic approach, our study could represent a model for the transcriptomic investigation of stress.
Keywords: stress; exercise; horse; gene expression; intron retention; repetitive elements stress; exercise; horse; gene expression; intron retention; repetitive elements

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cappelli, K.; Mecocci, S.; Gioiosa, S.; Giontella, A.; Silvestrelli, M.; Cherchi, R.; Valentini, A.; Chillemi, G.; Capomaccio, S. Gallop Racing Shifts Mature mRNA towards Introns: Does Exercise-Induced Stress Enhance Genome Plasticity? Genes 2020, 11, 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11040410

AMA Style

Cappelli K, Mecocci S, Gioiosa S, Giontella A, Silvestrelli M, Cherchi R, Valentini A, Chillemi G, Capomaccio S. Gallop Racing Shifts Mature mRNA towards Introns: Does Exercise-Induced Stress Enhance Genome Plasticity? Genes. 2020; 11(4):410. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11040410

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cappelli, Katia, Samanta Mecocci, Silvia Gioiosa, Andrea Giontella, Maurizio Silvestrelli, Raffaele Cherchi, Alessio Valentini, Giovanni Chillemi, and Stefano Capomaccio. 2020. "Gallop Racing Shifts Mature mRNA towards Introns: Does Exercise-Induced Stress Enhance Genome Plasticity?" Genes 11, no. 4: 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11040410

APA Style

Cappelli, K., Mecocci, S., Gioiosa, S., Giontella, A., Silvestrelli, M., Cherchi, R., Valentini, A., Chillemi, G., & Capomaccio, S. (2020). Gallop Racing Shifts Mature mRNA towards Introns: Does Exercise-Induced Stress Enhance Genome Plasticity? Genes, 11(4), 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11040410

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