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Article

Validation of an Online Version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) for Alcohol Screening in Spanish University Students

by
Laura Ballester
1,2,3,
Itxaso Alayo
1,3,
Gemma Vilagut
1,3,
José Almenara
4,
Ana Isabel Cebrià
5,6,
Enrique Echeburúa
7,8,
Andrea Gabilondo
8,
Margalida Gili
9,
Carolina Lagares
10,
José A. Piqueras
11,
Miquel Roca
9,
Victoria Soto-Sanz
11,
Maria Jesús Blasco
1,3,
Pere Castellví
12,
Carlos G. Forero
12,
Philippe Mortier
1,3,
Jordi Alonso
1,3,13,* and
on behalf of the UNIVERSAL Study Group
†
1
Health Services Research Group, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
2
Department of Psychology, Girona University (UdG), 17004 Girona, Spain
3
CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
4
Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cádiz (UCA), 11009 Cádiz, Spain
5
Department of Mental Health, Corporació Sanitaria Parc Taulí, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
6
CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
7
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
8
BioDonostia Health Research Institute, Osakidetza, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
9
Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS-IDISBA), University of Balearic Islands (UIB), 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
10
Department of Statistic and Operational Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cádiz (UCA), 11009 Cádiz, Spain
11
Department of Health Psychology, Center for Applied Psychology, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Campus of Elche, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain
12
School of Medicine, International University of Catalonia (UIC), 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
13
Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
 
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*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Membership of the UNIVERSAL Study Group is provided in the Acknowledgments.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(10), 5213; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105213
Submission received: 11 February 2021 / Revised: 16 April 2021 / Accepted: 3 May 2021 / Published: 14 May 2021
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Abstract

Online alcohol screening may be helpful in preventing alcohol use disorders. We assessed psychometric properties of an online version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) among Spanish university students. We used a longitudinal online survey (the UNIVERSAL project) of first-year students (18–24 years old) in five universities, including the AUDIT, as part of the WHO World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) initiative. A reappraisal interview was carried out with the Timeline Followback (TLFB) for alcohol consumption categories and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) for alcohol use disorder. Reliability, construct validity and diagnostic accuracy were assessed. Results: 287 students (75% women) completed the MINI, of whom 242 also completed the TLFB. AUDIT’s Cronbach’s alpha was 0.82. The confirmatory factor analysis for the one-factor solution of the AUDIT showed a good fit to the data. Significant AUDIT score differences were observed by TLFB categories and by MINI disorders. Areas under the curve (AUC) were very large for dependence (AUC = 0.96) and adequate for consumption categories (AUC > 0.7). AUDIT cut-off points of 6/8 (women/men) for moderate-risk drinking and 13 for alcohol dependence showed sensitivity/specificity of 76.2%/78.9% and 56%/97.5%, respectively. The online version of the AUDIT is useful for detecting alcohol consumption categories and alcohol dependence in Spanish university students.
Keywords: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT); university students; online survey; validity Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT); university students; online survey; validity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ballester, L.; Alayo, I.; Vilagut, G.; Almenara, J.; Cebrià, A.I.; Echeburúa, E.; Gabilondo, A.; Gili, M.; Lagares, C.; Piqueras, J.A.; et al. Validation of an Online Version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) for Alcohol Screening in Spanish University Students. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105213

AMA Style

Ballester L, Alayo I, Vilagut G, Almenara J, Cebrià AI, Echeburúa E, Gabilondo A, Gili M, Lagares C, Piqueras JA, et al. Validation of an Online Version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) for Alcohol Screening in Spanish University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(10):5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105213

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ballester, Laura, Itxaso Alayo, Gemma Vilagut, José Almenara, Ana Isabel Cebrià, Enrique Echeburúa, Andrea Gabilondo, Margalida Gili, Carolina Lagares, José A. Piqueras, and et al. 2021. "Validation of an Online Version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) for Alcohol Screening in Spanish University Students" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10: 5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105213

APA Style

Ballester, L., Alayo, I., Vilagut, G., Almenara, J., Cebrià, A. I., Echeburúa, E., Gabilondo, A., Gili, M., Lagares, C., Piqueras, J. A., Roca, M., Soto-Sanz, V., Blasco, M. J., Castellví, P., G. Forero, C., Mortier, P., Alonso, J., & on behalf of the UNIVERSAL Study Group. (2021). Validation of an Online Version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) for Alcohol Screening in Spanish University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(10), 5213. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105213

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