Self-Reported and Device-Measured Physical Activity in Leisure Time and at Work and Associations with Cardiovascular Events—A Prospective Study of the Physical Activity Paradox
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Outcome
2.2. Self-Reported Physical Activity
2.3. Deviced-Measured Physical Activity
2.4. Covariates
2.5. Data Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Tertiles of Total MVPA | |||
---|---|---|---|
Least Active (Ref) | Medium Active | Most Active | |
HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |
Model VI | |||
Leisure PA | 1.0 | 0.84 (0.45–1.53) | 0.66 (0.31–1.44) |
Occupational PA | 1.0 | 1.47 (0.81–2.65) | 0.48 (0.21–1.12) |
Model VII | |||
Leisure PA | 1.0 | 0.87 (0.45–1.67) | 0.72 (0.32–1.63) |
Occupational PA | 1.0 | 1.54 (0.82–2.90) | 0.42 (0.16–1.07) |
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All | Tertiles of Total MVPA | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Least Active | Medium Active | Most Active | ||
Sample size | 807 (100) | 269 (33.3) | 269 (33.3) | 269 (33.3) |
Men | 365 (45.2) | 102 (37.9) | 122 (45.4) | 141 (52.4) |
Age, years | 42.8 ± 11.5 | 45.5 ± 11.1 | 41.8 ± 11.2 | 41.0 ± 11.7 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 25.0 ± 3.6 | 25.8 ± 4.3 | 24.7 ± 3.1 | 24.5 ± 3.2 |
Smoker | 186 (23.0) | 76 (28.3) | 55 (20.4) | 55 (20.4) |
University degree | 278 (34.4) | 70 (26.0) | 103 (38.3) | 105 (39.0) |
Previous diseases * | 97 (12.0) | 42 (15.6) | 28 (10.4) | 27 (10.0) |
Self-reported PA | ||||
Occupational PA | ||||
sedentary | 323 (40.0) | 103 (38.3) | 114 (42.4) | 106 (39.4) |
mixed | 407 (50.4) | 143 (53.2) | 134 (49.8) | 130 (48.3) |
active | 77 (9.5) | 23 (8.6) | 21 (7.8) | 33 (12.3) |
Leisure time PA # | ||||
sedentary | 519 (64.3) | 208 (77.3) | 166 (61.7) | 145 (53.9) |
active | 279 (34.6) | 58 (21.6) | 99 (36.8) | 122 (45.4) |
Device-measured PA | ||||
Total wear time, h/day | 14.7 ± 1.2 | 14.7 ± 1.3 | 14.9 ± 1.1 | 14.6 ± 1.2 |
MVPA (%) | 4.1 ± 2.6 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 3.6 ± 0.6 | 7.0 ± 2.2 |
light-intensity PA (%) | 39.8 ± 9.9 | 38.5 ± 10.9 | 39.7 ± 9.2 | 41.2 ± 9.2 |
sedentary (%) | 56.1 ± 10.6 | 59.8 ± 11.1 | 56.7 ± 9.2 | 51.8 ± 9.8 |
Leisure time, h/day | 9.0 ± 1.5 | 8.9 ± 1.6 | 9.2 ± 1.4 | 8.9 ± 1.6 |
MVPA (%) | 4.1 ± 2.9 | 1.6 ± 0.9 | 3.7 ± 1.1 | 7.0 ± 3.0 |
light-intensity PA (%) | 38.7 ± 9.1 | 37.1 ± 10.2 | 39.1 ± 8.5 | 39.8 ± 8.4 |
sedentary (%) | 57.2 ± 10.0 | 61.3 ± 10.5 | 57.2 ± 8.6 | 53.2 ± 9.0 |
Occupational time, h/day | 7.8 ± 0.3 | 7.8 ± 0.4 | 7.8 ± 0.3 | 7.8 ± 0.3 |
MVPA (%) | 4.1 ± 3.3 | 1.7 ± 1.2 | 3.6 ± 1.7 | 7.0 ± 3.8 |
light-intensity PA (%) | 41.6 ± 14.7 | 40.7 ± 15.6 | 40.8 ± 14.6 | 43.3 ± 13.8 |
sedentary (%) | 54.3 ± 15.7 | 57.6 ± 15.8 | 55.6 ± 15.0 | 49.7 ± 15.2 |
Leisure PA | Occupational PA | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sedentary (Ref) | Active | Sedentary (Ref) | Mixed | Active | |
Events, n (%) | 42 (8.1) | 16 (5.7) | 23 (7.1) | 27 (6.6) | 9 (11.7) |
HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |
Model A | 1.0 | 0.65 (0.36–1.16) | - | - | - |
Model B | - | - | 1.0 | 0.94 (0.52–1.71) | 1.15 (0.50–2.63) |
Model C | 1.0 | 0.74 (0.41–1.32) | 1.0 | 1.05 (0.59–1.88) | 1.65 (0.73–3.74) |
Tertiles of Total MVPA | |||
---|---|---|---|
Least Active (Ref) | Medium Active | Most Active | |
Events, n (%) | 26 (9.7) | 23 (8.6) | 10 (3.7) |
HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |
Model I | 1.0 | 1.18 (0.67–2.07) | 0.46 (0.22–0.97) |
Model II (leisure PA) | 1.0 | 0.76 (0.42–1.38) | 0.60 (0.31–1.17) |
Model III (occupational PA) | 1.0 | 1.31 (0.74–2.30) | 0.43 (0.21–0.92) |
Model IV | |||
Leisure PA | 1.0 | 0.84 (0.46–1.54) | 0.80 (0.38–1.67) |
Occupational PA | 1.0 | 1.38 (0.77–2.47) | 0.48 (0.21–1.08) |
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Kuster, R.P.; von Rosen, P.; Grooten, W.J.A.; Dohrn, I.-M.; Hagströmer, M. Self-Reported and Device-Measured Physical Activity in Leisure Time and at Work and Associations with Cardiovascular Events—A Prospective Study of the Physical Activity Paradox. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 12214. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212214
Kuster RP, von Rosen P, Grooten WJA, Dohrn I-M, Hagströmer M. Self-Reported and Device-Measured Physical Activity in Leisure Time and at Work and Associations with Cardiovascular Events—A Prospective Study of the Physical Activity Paradox. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(22):12214. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212214
Chicago/Turabian StyleKuster, Roman P., Philip von Rosen, Wilhelmus J. A. Grooten, Ing-Mari Dohrn, and Maria Hagströmer. 2021. "Self-Reported and Device-Measured Physical Activity in Leisure Time and at Work and Associations with Cardiovascular Events—A Prospective Study of the Physical Activity Paradox" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22: 12214. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212214
APA StyleKuster, R. P., von Rosen, P., Grooten, W. J. A., Dohrn, I. -M., & Hagströmer, M. (2021). Self-Reported and Device-Measured Physical Activity in Leisure Time and at Work and Associations with Cardiovascular Events—A Prospective Study of the Physical Activity Paradox. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(22), 12214. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212214