Association between Serum Soluble CD154 Levels and Mortality in Patients with Malignant Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Design and Subjects
2.2. Variables Recorded
2.3. Blood Sample Collection
2.4. Laboratory Determinations
2.5. Statistical Methods
3. Results
Healthy Controls (n = 50) | Patients (n = 50) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender female—n (%) | 15 (30.0%) | 17 (34.0%) | 0.83 |
Age—median years (p 25–75) | 59 (50–68) | 60 (51–69) | 0.47 |
Serum sCD154—median ng/mL (p 25–75) | 0.98 (0.80–1.46) | 1.79 (1.22–3.56) | <0.001 |
Survivors (n = 24) | Non-Survivors (n = 26) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|
TNF-alpha (pg/mL)—median (p 25–75) | 9.25 (9.02–10.63) | 12.95 (10.03–15.08) | 0.01 |
TF (pg/mL)—median (p 25–75) | 156 (127–196) | 279 (181–400) | 0.02 |
Temperature (°C)—median (p 25–75) | 36.5 (35.7–37.0) | 37.0 (35.7–37.8) | 0.26 |
Sodium (mEq/L)—median (p 25–75) | 140 (138–145) | 140 (137–146) | 0.91 |
sCD154 (ng/mL)—median (p 25–75) | 1.29 (0.94–1.95) | 2.28 (1.47–4.84) | <0.001 |
Platelets—median × 103/mm3 (p 25–75) | 227 (183–308) | 152 (123–190) | 0.003 |
PaO2 (mmHg)—median (p 25–75) | 110 (101–194) | 104 (85–139) | 0.10 |
PaO2/FI02 ratio—median (p 25–75) | 246 (192–327) | 248 (175–320) | 0.41 |
Lymphocytes—median × 103/mm3 (p 25–75) | 1.5 (0.9–1.8) | 1.1 (0.5–2.1) | 0.30 |
Leukocytes—median × 103/mm3 (p 25–75) | 12.8 (9.8–16.9) | 14.4 (11.9–21.9) | 0.49 |
Lactic acid (mmol/L)—median (p 25–75) | 1.25 (0.93–1.68) | 1.50 (1.01–3.15) | 0.08 |
INR—median (p 25–75) | 1.07 (1.01–1.20) | 1.20 (1.07–1.48) | 0.16 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL)—median (p 25–75) | 12.0 (11.3–13.8) | 12.0 (11.0–15.1) | 0.92 |
Glycemia (g/dL)—median (p 25–75) | 133 (105–170) | 135 (110–154) | 0.92 |
GCS score—median (p 25–75) | 7 (6–8) | 6 (4–8) | 0.10 |
Gender female—n (%) | 8 (33.3) | 9 (34.6) | 0.99 |
Fibrinogen (mg/dL)—median (p 25–75) | 440 (335–494) | 409 (322–598) | 0.71 |
Decompressive craniectomy—n (%) | 7 (29.2) | 5 (19.2) | 0.51 |
Creatinine (mg/dL)—median (p 25–75) | 0.80 (0.60–1.10) | 1.01 (0.85–1.45) | 0.052 |
Bilirubin (mg/dL)—median (p 25–75) | 0.50 (0.38–0.90) | 0.53 (0.30–1.20) | 0.76 |
aPTT (seconds)—median (p 25–75) | 28 (25–29) | 26 (25–33) | 0.96 |
APACHE-II score—median (p 25–75) | 20 (16–25) | 22 (19–29) | 0.14 |
Age (years)—median (p 25–75) | 47 (32–67) | 66 (45–76) | 0.14 |
Variable | Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | p |
---|---|---|---|
Serum sCD154 > 1.41 ng/mmL | 10.25 | 2.34–44.95 | 0.002 |
GCS score | 0.72 | 0.49–1.06 | 0.09 |
Age (years) | 1.05 | 0.99–1.11 | 0.08 |
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Lorente, L.; Martín, M.M.; González-Rivero, A.F.; Ramos, L.; Argueso, M.; Cáceres, J.J.; Solé-Violán, J.; Jiménez, A.; Borreguero-León, J.M. Association between Serum Soluble CD154 Levels and Mortality in Patients with Malignant Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 12147-12158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms160612147
Lorente L, Martín MM, González-Rivero AF, Ramos L, Argueso M, Cáceres JJ, Solé-Violán J, Jiménez A, Borreguero-León JM. Association between Serum Soluble CD154 Levels and Mortality in Patients with Malignant Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2015; 16(6):12147-12158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms160612147
Chicago/Turabian StyleLorente, Leonardo, María M. Martín, Agustín F. González-Rivero, Luis Ramos, Mónica Argueso, Juan J. Cáceres, Jordi Solé-Violán, Alejandro Jiménez, and Juan M. Borreguero-León. 2015. "Association between Serum Soluble CD154 Levels and Mortality in Patients with Malignant Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16, no. 6: 12147-12158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms160612147