Assessment of Polyethylene Glycol-Coated Gold Nanoparticle Toxicity and Inflammation In Vivo Using NF-κB Reporter Mice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. NF-κB Reporter Mouse and In Vivo Response to Inflammation-Inducing Agents
2.2. mPEG- and cPEG-AuNPs
2.3. In Vivo Reporter Induction by PEG-AuNPs
2.4. Liver Toxicity and Inflammation in Mice 3 Months after Exposure to PEGylated AuNPs
2.5. Enhanced Collagen Deposition in Liver Tissues after PEG-AuNP Injection
3. Discussion
3.1. PEGylation Reduces Acute Toxicity of AuNPs
3.2. Reporter Mice for Monitoring Liver Inflammation
3.3. Chronic Low-Grade Hepatic Inflammation Induced by PEG-AuNPs
3.4. Study Limitations
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Chemicals and Reagents
4.2. PEG-AuNP Preparation and Characterization
4.3. Generation of the NF-κB Reporter Tg Mouse
4.4. PEG-AuNP Injection and In Vivo Optical Imaging
4.5. Transmission Electron Microscopy
4.6. Histological and Blood Chemistry Analyses
4.7. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
PEG | Polyethylene Glycol |
DLS | Dynamic Laser Light Scattering |
AuNP | Gold Nanoparticles |
HSV1tk | Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 Thymidine Kinase |
PET | Positron Emission Tomography |
SPECT | Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography |
MPS | Mononuclear Phagocyte System |
RES | Reticuloendothelial System |
mPEG | Methoxyl-poly(ethylene glycol)-thiol |
cPEG | Carboxymethyl-poly(ethylene glycol)-thiol |
TEM | Transmission Electron Microscope |
ICH | International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use |
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Chen, T.-Y.; Chen, M.-R.; Liu, S.-W.; Lin, J.-Y.; Yang, Y.-T.; Huang, H.-Y.; Chen, J.-K.; Yang, C.-S.; Lin, K.M.-C. Assessment of Polyethylene Glycol-Coated Gold Nanoparticle Toxicity and Inflammation In Vivo Using NF-κB Reporter Mice. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 8158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218158
Chen T-Y, Chen M-R, Liu S-W, Lin J-Y, Yang Y-T, Huang H-Y, Chen J-K, Yang C-S, Lin KM-C. Assessment of Polyethylene Glycol-Coated Gold Nanoparticle Toxicity and Inflammation In Vivo Using NF-κB Reporter Mice. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(21):8158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218158
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Tzu-Yin, Mei-Ru Chen, Shan-Wen Liu, Jin-Yan Lin, Ya-Ting Yang, Hsin-Ying Huang, Jen-Kun Chen, Chung-Shi Yang, and Kurt Ming-Chao Lin. 2020. "Assessment of Polyethylene Glycol-Coated Gold Nanoparticle Toxicity and Inflammation In Vivo Using NF-κB Reporter Mice" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21: 8158. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218158