A Hybrid Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Ex Vivo Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tissues
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Patient-Derived cSCC Tissues Exhibit Increased mRNA Expression of TGF-β and E-Cadherin
2.2. EMT-Promoting Protein Expression and Total MMP Activity Are Higher in cSCC Tissues
2.3. Expression of Epithelial and Mesenchymal EMT Markers Is Increased in cSCC Tissues
2.4. There Is Differential E-Cadherin Expression among Cells within cSCC Tumors
2.5. Coexpression of E-Cadherin and β-Catenin Is Lost in cSCC Tumor Cells Exhibiting EMT
2.6. The Expression Pattern of Vimentin within an Individual Tumor Is Reversed Compared to E-Cadherin
2.7. Expression of ZEB1 and SNAI1 Is Higher in cSCC Tissues
2.8. Hybrid EMT-Associated miRNAs Are Differentially Expressed in cSCC Tissues
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Patient-Derived Cutaneous Tissues
4.2. Total Protein Isolation and Expression
4.3. Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) MMP Assay
4.4. Western Blotting
4.5. RNA Isolation and Quantitative Real-Time PCR
4.6. miRNA Analysis
4.7. Indirect Immunofluorescence Assays
4.8. Immunohistochemistry Assays
4.9. Statistical Analyses
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Pulford, C.S.; Uppalapati, C.K.; Montgomery, M.R.; Averitte, R.L.; Hull, E.E.; Leyva, K.J. A Hybrid Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Ex Vivo Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tissues. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 9183. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169183
Pulford CS, Uppalapati CK, Montgomery MR, Averitte RL, Hull EE, Leyva KJ. A Hybrid Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Ex Vivo Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tissues. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(16):9183. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169183
Chicago/Turabian StylePulford, Christopher S., Chandana K. Uppalapati, McKale R. Montgomery, Richard L. Averitte, Elizabeth E. Hull, and Kathryn J. Leyva. 2022. "A Hybrid Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Ex Vivo Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tissues" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 16: 9183. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169183