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Article

Inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by Dietary Antioxidants in THP-1 Macrophages and Sera from Patients with Breast Cancer

by
Tiziana Latronico
1,
Tania Petraglia
2,
Carmela Sileo
2,
Domenico Bilancia
3,
Rocco Rossano
2,* and
Grazia Maria Liuzzi
1
1
Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
2
Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
3
Operating Unit, Medical Oncology, Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliera S. Carlo”, 85100 Potenza, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2024, 29(8), 1718; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29081718
Submission received: 29 February 2024 / Revised: 8 April 2024 / Accepted: 9 April 2024 / Published: 10 April 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Chemistry and Bioactive Compounds in Relation to Health)
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Abstract

Polyphenols, the main antioxidants of diet, have shown anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticarcinogenic activities. Here, we compared the effects of four polyphenolic compounds on ROS production and on the levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9, which represent important pathogenetic factors of breast cancer. THP-1 differentiated macrophages were activated by LPS and simultaneously treated with different doses of a green tea extract (GTE), resveratrol (RSV), curcumin (CRC) and an olive fruit extract (oliplus). By using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, we found that all of the tested compounds showed antioxidant activity in vitro. In addition, GTE, RSV and CRC were able to counteract ROS production induced by H2O2 in THP-1 cells. As assessed by a zymographic analysis of THP-1 supernatants and by an “in-gel zymography” of a pool of sera from patients with breast cancer, the antioxidant compounds used in this study inhibited both the activity and expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 through different mechanisms related to their structures and to their ability to scavenge ROS. The results of this study suggest that the used antioxidants could be promising agents for the prevention and complementary treatment of breast cancer and other diseases in which MMPs play a pivotal role.
Keywords: dietary antioxidants; matrix metalloproteinases; breast cancer; THP-1 macrophages; oxidative stress dietary antioxidants; matrix metalloproteinases; breast cancer; THP-1 macrophages; oxidative stress

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MDPI and ACS Style

Latronico, T.; Petraglia, T.; Sileo, C.; Bilancia, D.; Rossano, R.; Liuzzi, G.M. Inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by Dietary Antioxidants in THP-1 Macrophages and Sera from Patients with Breast Cancer. Molecules 2024, 29, 1718. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29081718

AMA Style

Latronico T, Petraglia T, Sileo C, Bilancia D, Rossano R, Liuzzi GM. Inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by Dietary Antioxidants in THP-1 Macrophages and Sera from Patients with Breast Cancer. Molecules. 2024; 29(8):1718. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29081718

Chicago/Turabian Style

Latronico, Tiziana, Tania Petraglia, Carmela Sileo, Domenico Bilancia, Rocco Rossano, and Grazia Maria Liuzzi. 2024. "Inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by Dietary Antioxidants in THP-1 Macrophages and Sera from Patients with Breast Cancer" Molecules 29, no. 8: 1718. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29081718

APA Style

Latronico, T., Petraglia, T., Sileo, C., Bilancia, D., Rossano, R., & Liuzzi, G. M. (2024). Inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by Dietary Antioxidants in THP-1 Macrophages and Sera from Patients with Breast Cancer. Molecules, 29(8), 1718. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29081718

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