Next Article in Journal
Early Renoprotective Effect of Ruxolitinib in a Rat Model of Diabetic Nephropathy
Next Article in Special Issue
Chronic Red Bull Consumption during Adolescence: Effect on Mesocortical and Mesolimbic Dopamine Transmission and Cardiovascular System in Adult Rats
Previous Article in Journal
Kynurenines as a Novel Target for the Treatment of Malignancies
Previous Article in Special Issue
Whole Body Cryotherapy and Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment: New Biological Treatment of Depression? A Systematic Review
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Pharmaceuticals
Volume 14
Issue 7
10.3390/ph14070607
pharmaceuticals-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Nrf2/ARE Activators Improve Memory in Aged Mice via Maintaining of Mitochondrial Quality Control of Brain and the Modulation of Gut Microbiome

by
Irina S. Sadovnikova
1,
Artem P. Gureev
1,2,*,
Daria A. Ignatyeva
1,
Maria V. Gryaznova
1,2,
Ekaterina V. Chernyshova
1,
Ekaterina P. Krutskikh
1,
Anastasia G. Novikova
1 and
Vasily N. Popov
1,2
1
Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
2
Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technology, 394036 Voronezh, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14(7), 607; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14070607
Submission received: 27 May 2021 / Revised: 17 June 2021 / Accepted: 21 June 2021 / Published: 23 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Drugs and Biologics For Treatment of Central Nervous Dysfunction)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

Aging is one of the most serious factors for central nervous dysfunctions, which lead to cognitive impairment. New highly effective drugs are required to slow the development of cognitive dysfunction. This research studied the effect of dimethyl fumarate (DMF), methylene blue (MB), and resveratrol (RSV) on the cognitive functions of 15-month-old mice and their relationship to the maintenance of mitochondrial quality control in the brain and the bacterial composition of the gut microbiome. We have shown that studied compounds enhance mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, and antioxidant defense in the hippocampus of 15-month-old mice via Nrf2/ARE pathway activation, which reduces the degree of oxidative damage to mtDNA. It is manifested in the improvement of short-term and long-term memory. We have also shown that memory improvement correlates with levels of Roseburia, Oscillibacter, ChristensenellaceaeR-7, Negativibacillus, and Faecalibaculum genera of bacteria. At the same time, long-term treatment by MB induced a decrease in gut microbiome diversity, but the other markers of dysbiosis were not observed. Thus, Nrf2/ARE activators have an impact on mitochondrial quality control and are associated with a positive change in the composition of the gut microbiome, which together lead to an improvement in memory in aged mice.
Keywords: aging; cognitive dysfunction; Nrf2/ARE pathway; mitochondrial biogenesis; mitophagy; antioxidants; resveratrol; dimethyl fumarate; methylene blue; memory; gut–brain axis; gut microbiome aging; cognitive dysfunction; Nrf2/ARE pathway; mitochondrial biogenesis; mitophagy; antioxidants; resveratrol; dimethyl fumarate; methylene blue; memory; gut–brain axis; gut microbiome

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Sadovnikova, I.S.; Gureev, A.P.; Ignatyeva, D.A.; Gryaznova, M.V.; Chernyshova, E.V.; Krutskikh, E.P.; Novikova, A.G.; Popov, V.N. Nrf2/ARE Activators Improve Memory in Aged Mice via Maintaining of Mitochondrial Quality Control of Brain and the Modulation of Gut Microbiome. Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14, 607. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14070607

AMA Style

Sadovnikova IS, Gureev AP, Ignatyeva DA, Gryaznova MV, Chernyshova EV, Krutskikh EP, Novikova AG, Popov VN. Nrf2/ARE Activators Improve Memory in Aged Mice via Maintaining of Mitochondrial Quality Control of Brain and the Modulation of Gut Microbiome. Pharmaceuticals. 2021; 14(7):607. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14070607

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sadovnikova, Irina S., Artem P. Gureev, Daria A. Ignatyeva, Maria V. Gryaznova, Ekaterina V. Chernyshova, Ekaterina P. Krutskikh, Anastasia G. Novikova, and Vasily N. Popov. 2021. "Nrf2/ARE Activators Improve Memory in Aged Mice via Maintaining of Mitochondrial Quality Control of Brain and the Modulation of Gut Microbiome" Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 7: 607. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14070607

APA Style

Sadovnikova, I. S., Gureev, A. P., Ignatyeva, D. A., Gryaznova, M. V., Chernyshova, E. V., Krutskikh, E. P., Novikova, A. G., & Popov, V. N. (2021). Nrf2/ARE Activators Improve Memory in Aged Mice via Maintaining of Mitochondrial Quality Control of Brain and the Modulation of Gut Microbiome. Pharmaceuticals, 14(7), 607. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14070607

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop