Search Results (21)

Social commerce has become a significant strategy for organisations intending to strengthen their competitive advantage in the digital economy. Despite this, prior research primarily addressed the consumer perspective, resulting in limited insight into organisational perceptions and utilisation of social commerce. This study seeks to identify research trends and examine factors influencing social commerce adoption from an organisational standpoint. A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, analysing 3793 articles sourced from Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect, published between 2017 and 2025. The findings indicate a consistent increase in social commerce research over the past decade, with a minor decline in the most recent year. The majority of studies employ quantitative methodologies and utilise theoretical frameworks such as the Technology–Organisation–Environment (TOE) framework, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), and UTAUT2. Key determinants of social commerce utilisation identified include relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, top management support, organisational readiness, organisational structure, customer pressure, bandwagon effect, and competitive pressure. These results show the technology, organisation and environment elements shaping organisational utilisation on social commerce and provide guidance for policymakers as well as organisations in formulating effective implementation strategies. Full article

This study explores a conceptual framework for integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, emphasising its transformative potential in highly automated industrial environments, often referred to as ‘dark factories’, where operations are carried out with minimal human intervention using robotics, AI, and IoT. These lights-out manufacturing environments demand intelligent, autonomous systems that go beyond traditional ERP functionalities to deliver sustainable enterprise operations and supply chain management. Drawing from secondary data and a comprehensive review of existing literature, the study identifies significant gaps in current AI-ERP research and practice, namely, the absence of a unified adoption framework, limited focus on AI-specific implementation challenges, and a lack of structured post-adoption evaluation metrics. In response, this paper proposes a novel integrated conceptual framework that combines the Technology–Organisation–Environment (TOE) framework, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and the Information Systems (IS) Success Model. The model incorporates industry-specific dark factors, such as AI autonomy, human–machine collaboration, operational agility, and sustainability, by optimising resource efficiency, enabling predictive maintenance, enhancing supply chain resilience, and supporting circular economy practices. The primary research aim of the current study is to provide a theoretical foundation for further empirical research on the input of AI-ERP systems into autonomous industry settings. The framework provides a robust theoretical foundation and actionable guidance for researchers, technology leaders, and policy-makers navigating the integration of AI and ERP in sustainable enterprise operations and supply chain management. Full article

Green innovation (GI) plays a pivotal role in advancing sustainable transformation. To implement the concept of green development, China is vigorously advancing green innovation adoption (GIA). Although prior research has largely focused on the manufacturing sector, little is known about how ownership structures shape GIA in the construction industry, nor about its impact on cost. To address this gap, this study, grounded in the Technology–Organisation–Environment (TOE) framework, investigates the extent to which technological, organisational, and environmental factors influence the GIA in the construction sector and how GIA contributes to cost reduction, as well as how these effects differ between state-owned and private firms. Data were collected from 277 construction enterprises, and analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Our findings show that GIA significantly reduces costs in both state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and private firms, while market pressure exerts no obvious influence on GIA. Notably, organisational support is found to negatively affect green process innovation in SOEs, suggesting that such initiatives may be more symbolic than substantive. This study could serve as a reference for businesses and governments, and contribute to China’s new development philosophy of “innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared.” Full article

Advanced technologies, such as robotic process automation, blockchain, and machine learning, increase audit efficiency. Nonetheless, some Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs) have not undergone digital transformation. This research aimed to develop a comprehensive framework for supreme audit institutions to adopt and integrate emerging technologies into their auditing processes using a hybrid theoretical approach based on the TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) and TOE (Technology–Organisation–Environment) models. The framework was informed by insights from nineteen highly experienced experts in the field from eight countries. Through a two-round Delphi questionnaire, the experts provided valuable input on the key factors, challenges, and strategies for successful technology adoption by public sector audit organisations. The findings of this research reveal that technology adoption in SAIs starts with solid management support led by the chief technology officer. They must evaluate the IT infrastructure and readiness for advanced technologies, considering the budget and funding. Integrating solutions like the SAI of Ghana’s Audit Management Information System can significantly enhance audit efficiency. Continuous staff training is essential to build a positive attitude toward new technologies, covering areas like data algorithm auditing and big data analysis. Assessing the complexity and compatibility of new technologies ensures ease of use and cost-effectiveness. Continuous support from technology providers and monitoring advancements will keep SAIs aligned with technological developments, enhancing their auditing capabilities. Full article

Digitalisation has significantly increased cybersecurity risks in organisations, notably for small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), in which IT departments often have relatively small teams and limited resources. Cyber insurance enables SMEs to navigate cybersecurity risks more economically, providing an essential risk transfer alternative to costly reduction strategies. This article examines the antecedents, emergence, and application of cyber insurance as a solution to cybersecurity concerns against the backdrop of increasing digitalisation. The research adopts a quantitative deductive approach, with an analysis of relevant literature providing the basis for the development of 12 hypotheses, which are then tested via a survey of 168 SMEs in Turkey. Using the Technology–Organisation–Environment–Individual (TOE-I) model as a top-line conceptual framework, the article finds that cyber insurance policy adoption has facilitated a more rapid and secure digitalisation process and that the mitigation of financial risk associated with cyberattacks has allowed companies to invest more widely in information technologies and systems. The article clearly has its limitations, in that it is based on primary research in one European country, but the authors believe that it nevertheless provides some new insights into the potential benefits of cyber insurance, and the key issues SMEs must consider when considering adopting a cyber insurance policy. The findings will be of practical relevance to SMEs and other organisations reviewing their cybersecurity strategy and are also of relevance to the wider debate around the costs and benefits of digitalisation. Full article

Background and Methods: A primary survey of a multi-national sample of higher institutional educators has been conducted to investigate the determinants of the adoption of management simulation games. The research model is developed based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and technology–organisation–environment (TOE). Structural equation modelling has been used to test the research model. The paper focuses on the use of management simulation games among educators in higher educational institutions (HEIs). Its purpose is to determine the factors influencing educators’ use of these games from both individual and institutional perspectives. The TAM captures the individual perspective, while the TOE framework addresses the institutional perspective. The structural equation model confirmed most of the TAM hypotheses. Results: However, the model does not support the hypotheses regarding the relationship between perceived ease of use and attitude toward usage or between perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The technological factors within the TOE framework did not significantly impact perceived usefulness, only perceived ease of use. Conclusion: The combined TAM-TOE model has demonstrated valid representativeness. Previous research on the usage of management simulation games has primarily focused on students, neglecting the broader perspective of educators in HEIs in business and economics within both the TAM and TOE frameworks. Full article

Front-end planning (FEP) is the first step in identifying a problem and analysing a project’s goals and the business case for management to decide whether to proceed with the project. Despite its crucial significance, projects are still underperforming and failing to achieve their objectives. Current research suggests that the emergence of AI promises significant advantages to organisations, particularly for FEP. The purpose of this paper was to explore the readiness of organisations to use AI in the FEP phase to enhance project outcomes. The technology–organisation–environment (TOE) framework was used to evaluate factors influencing the readiness to adopt AI in construction projects in Saudi Arabia. Thirty interviews were conducted with public and private stakeholders in the sector. The knowledge and insight gained from the viewpoints of key decision makers and practitioners allowed for an examination of the main factors impacting the adoption of AI, and any challenges and barriers to it. Findings showed that the support of the government and senior management, and the attitudes and behaviour of employees, were the top three factors in the framework that facilitate the readiness of organisations to adopt AI. Government support influences external support and enhances competitive pressure between organisations; senior management support influences the absorptive capacity and maturity of an organisation; and employees’ attitudes and behaviours are the main contributors to organisational readiness. The proposed framework will assist policymakers in using these factors to overcome the challenges of AI adoption. Additionally, creating strategies aligned with Vision 2030 focuses not only on choosing the best technology to implement but also on how employees can benefit from it. Full article

Recently, there has been a notable surge in the intricate complexities of global supply chain management (SCM), which is gaining researchers’ attention. Supply chain sustainability is put at risk by security issues in blockchain technology that affect everything from infrastructure to management. For sustainable supply chain management (SSCM), these elements are deemed crucial. To address this, the purpose of this research is to examine the impact of blockchain security factors on SSCM among United Kingdom manufacturing firms. Based on the resource-based view (RBV) theory and the Technology–Organisation–Environment (TOE) framework, the research hypotheses and framework were developed. To achieve the research objectives, a hybrid approach that combines structural equation modelling and artificial neural networks (ANNs) was adopted to perform the analysis. The research findings indicate that privacy, network, confidentiality, and managerial factors are vital to promoting SSCM. Furthermore, the ANN analysis highlights that managerial (trust management) and supplier privacy factors are the most important constructs. Unlike prior research that theoretically assumed that all relationships are linear, this has been a novel study that has successfully validated that there exists a nonlinear relationship between the RBV theory and the TOE framework. Based on the outcomes, the study’s contributions, its practical implications, and future research avenues are discussed. Full article

In a quest for the safe and sustainable delivery of built environment projects in South Africa, this study explored intelligent wearable technologies (IWTs). A post-positivism philosophical stance was adopted by surveying 165 built environment experts. The technology–organisation–environment (T–O–E) framework was also employed in understanding the critical factors influencing the use of IWTs in the study area. Data analyses used mean scores, the Kruskal–Wallis H-test, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modelling (SEM) with appropriate model fit indices. It was found that, albeit at a slow pace, IWTs such as smart safety vests embedded with indoor GPS/sensors, smartwatches, and smart safety helmets are gradually gaining popularity within the South African built environment. SEM revealed that while all the assessed T–O–E factors are important to the increased use of IWTs within the study area, the environment- and technology-related factors will significantly impact how individuals and organisations use these beneficial wearable technologies. This study contributes to the existing discourse on intelligent technologies for the safety of the built environment workforce from the South African perspective, where such studies have received less attention. Full article

With the emergence of digital transformation, there is an increasing need for Chinese construction companies to adopt digital procurement (D-procurement). However, there is a lack of theoretical foundation to guide and support the adoption practices. This study aims to fill the research gap through the provision of a model by grouping a set of relevance-based critical success factors (CSFs) into the Technology–Organisation–Environment (TOE) framework for D-procurement adoption success (DAS). A case study approach is applied in the research. We selected H Group as it is one of the most representative D-procurement cases in China. The study includes two parts. In the first part, a systematic literature review was conducted, and 17 CSFs were identified from 12 selected studies. By grouping the 17 CSFs into the TOE framework, we put forward a basic CSF–TOE model. In the second part, an in-depth interview was carried out in H Group, where the 17 selected experts were asked to rank the previously identified CSF. Based on their order of relevance, the 17 CSFs were re-organised in the basic CSF–TOE model, and a relevance-based CSF–TOE model was finally proposed. This study is vital for D-procurement adoption because most existing CSF studies are based on the literature and questionnaire surveys, and there is a lack of actual case studies. In addition, this study significantly contributes to the field of D-procurement adoption for construction companies by providing a theoretical framework for practice and a relevance-based CSF–TOE model for research. Full article

The city is a crucial space carrier for the country to carry out low-carbon construction and solve sustainable–development problems. However, existing research lacks an in-depth discussion of the complex mechanisms and governance paths of urban low-carbon transformation. Therefore, this study explores multiple paths of urban low-carbon governance (ULCG). This study constructs a theoretical model of ULCG based on the technology–organisation–environment (TOE) framework. It uses fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to analyse the overall and sub-regional paths of 35 key cities in China to explore various ULCG approaches. The following three conclusions are drawn. First, a single antecedent condition is not a necessary condition for ULCG. Second, five differentiated paths have been formed under the joint action of the TOE conditions to improve ULCG. It can be divided into three types: the ULCG model dominated by ‘big data + market’, ‘big data’, and ‘market’. Third, apparent differences exist in the ULCG paths in China’s eastern, central and western regions. The study deepens the rational understanding of multiple factors interacting in the complex mechanism behind urban low-carbon transformation and provides differentiated ULCG paths, enabling cities in eastern, central, and western China to choose low-carbon governance paths tailored to their local conditions based on both a comprehensive perspective and a regional perspective. Full article

Even after the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of the learning management system (LMS) is still low among university lecturers in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The objective of the current study is to understand the factors influencing LMS usage in universities using indicators from Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Technology–Organisation–Environment (TOE) framework. This study examined system quality, service quality, information quality, technical support, and government policies as essential variables for affecting LMS usage using perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU) as mediating variables. To reach the aim of this study, the conceptual model was proposed based on TAM integrated with external factors adapted from TOE framework. Quantitative research using a questionnaire was conducted on a sample of 393 lecturers. The study used a structural equation modelling technique, and the results were analysed by SmartPLS 4.0 software. The findings show that information quality significantly correlates with PU and PEOU. Service quality, system quality, and government policy show a significant relationship with either PU or PEOU. However, technical support shows an insignificant relationship with PU and PEOU. Inside the TAM itself, PU and PEOU significantly correlate with LMS usage. Finally, the current study demonstrated the role of PU and POEU as mediators between external factors and LMS usage. These study findings have implications for research and practice to guide university leaders and policymakers in understanding the factors that must be addressed. Full article

AI (Artificial intelligence) has the potential to improve strategies to talent management by implementing advanced automated systems for workforce management. AI can make this improvement a reality. The objective of this study is to discover the new requirements for generating a new AI-oriented artefact so that the issues pertaining to talent management are effectively addressed. The design artefact is an intelligent Human Resource Management (HRM) automation solution for talent career management primarily based on a talent intelligent module. Improving connections between professional assessment and planning features is the key goal of this initiative. Utilising a design science methodology we investigate the use of organised machine learning approaches. This technique is the key component of a complete AI solution framework that would be further informed through a suggested moderation of technology-organisation-environment (TOE) theory with the theory of diffusion of innovation (DOI). This framework was devised in order solve AI-related problems. Aside from the automated components available in talent management solutions, this study will make recommendations for practical approaches researchers may follow to fulfil a company’s specific requirements for talent growth. Full article

Blockchain-based Distributed Identity Management (BDIDM) can enhance sustainable identification and authentication of users on organisations’ digital systems. But there is not a clear consensus on how organisations perceive the value proposition of such technology, nor what might affect their adoption behaviour toward it. This research explains how technological, organisational and environmental (TOE) factors affect organisations’ adoption behaviour toward BDIDM. This study aims to determine the most critical factors affecting the behaviour while assessing the effectiveness and appropriateness of the model involved, i.e., TOE-BDIDM. Online questionnaires are used to survey 111 information and cybersecurity practitioners within South African organisations. The analysis combines binary logistic regression modelling, Structural Equation Modelling of the measurement model, and chi-squared tests. The results suggest TOE factors positively or negatively affect adoption behaviour. The behaviour is significantly affected by technology characteristics, i.e., BDIDM’s disruptive nature, and is associated with Blockchain type. Indeed, the majority of participants intended to recommend BDIDM to their organisations yet paradoxically preferred private-permissioned blockchain the most, revealing resistance to decentralised and privacy-preserving BDIDM models like Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI). The latter might be utopian or unsustainable for organisations. TOE-BDIDM was found relatively appropriate and effective but arguably ‘incomplete’ for explaining the adoption of disruptive technologies like SSI in organisations. TOE should extend to TOEU by including the User factors. Full article

Knowledge is a key competitive advantage for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) as a way of competing with other organisations. There is a need to investigate SME adoption of knowledge management systems (KMSs). Knowledge management systems can only assist in this task if they are sufficiently adopted. The purpose of this research was to develop a conceptual framework for KMS adoption within an SME context. The research aimed to explore the interdependencies between various contextual KMS adoption factors, namely the technology, organization, environmental and human behavioural contexts. Four mini-focus groups were conducted and included employees in SMEs. Thematic analysis identified nine themes that describe the dynamics that either promote or prevent KMS adoption. The findings provide deeper insights into the influencing factors in KMS adoption to enhance SME performance and competitiveness. The KMS adoption framework can be applied to improve the adoption of technology in SMEs. Future research could include SMEs in specific industries to compare adoption factors and could also include larger organisations. Full article