Fungi and bacteria encounter each other in various niches of the human body. There, they interact directly with one another or indirectly via the host response. In both cases, interactions can affect host health and disease. In the present review, we...
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) remains a persistent threat to global poultry production and public health. Current vaccine platforms show limited cross-clade efficacy and often fail to induce mucosal immunity. Recent advances in microbiome...
Bacterial co-culture studies using synthetic gut microbiomes have reported novel research designs to understand the underlying role of bacterial interaction in the metabolism of dietary resources and community assembly of complex microflora. Since la...
Mucochytrium quahogii, also known as QPX or Quahog Parasite Unknown, is the causative agent of QPX disease in the hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria). Host–pathogen–environment interactions between M. quahogii, the hard clam, and temperatur...
Microorganisms have a close relationship with humans, whether it is commensal, symbiotic, or pathogenic. Recently, it has been documented that microorganisms may influence the response to drug therapy. Pharmacomicrobiomics is an emerging field that f...
Using metrics from network theory allows us to understand the structural organization of epiphyte communities and identify the host trees (phorophytes) that are fundamental to their establishment. In this study, we applied ecological network metrics...
Either extracts, cell-free suspensions or bacterial suspensions are used to study bacterial lipid peroxidation processes. Along with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and several other strategies, the thio...
In all metazoans, the intestinal tract is an essential organ to integrate nutritional signaling, hormonal cues and immunometabolic networks. The dysregulation of intestinal epithelium functions can impact organism physiology and, in humans, leads to...
Blood is conventionally thought to be sterile. However, emerging evidence on the blood microbiome has started to challenge this notion. Recent reports have revealed the presence of genetic materials of microbes or pathogens in the blood circulation,...
Preterm infants are at increased risk for invasive neonatal bacterial infections. S. epidermidis, a ubiquitous skin commensal, is a major cause of late-onset neonatal sepsis, particularly in high-resource settings. The vulnerability of preterm infant...
There is mounting evidence that the microbiome plays a critical role in training and maturation of the host immune system. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have shown that microbiome perturbation is correlated with sub-optimal host responses to vacc...
The human microbiota is an array of microorganisms known to interact with the host and other microbes. These interactions can be competitive, as microbes must adapt to host- and microorganism-related stressors, thus producing toxic molecules, or coop...
Rifaximin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that ameliorates symptomatology in inflammatory/functional gastrointestinal disorders. We assessed changes in gut commensal microbiota (GCM) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) associated to rifaximin treatment in...
Amid trends in non-dairy probiotic foods and functional coffees, it is timely to develop a high-count probiotic, fermented coffee beverage. Here, we aimed to enhance the viabilities of different probiotic lactobacilli strains in coffee brews by co-cu...
Chronic, non-healing wounds represent a major global health challenge, often aggravated by microbial dysbiosis and impaired host responses. Wound healing progresses through four overlapping phases—hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and re...
The presence of commensal bacteria enhances both acute and persistent infection of murine noroviruses. For several enteric viral pathogens, mechanisms by which these bacteria enhance infection involve direct interactions between the virus and bacteri...
Oral health is more than just the absence of disease. The key to oral health is a diverse microbiome in an ecological balance. The oral microbiota is one of the most complex and diverse microbial communities in the human body. To maintain oral health...
9 June 2021
Commensality (the act of eating together) is studied in a range of disciplines and often considered important for social communion, order, health and well-being, while simultaneously being understood as in decline (especially the family meal). Howeve...
Viral infections are influenced by various microorganisms in the environment surrounding the target tissue, and the correlation between the type and balance of commensal microbiota is the key to establishment of the infection and pathogenicity. Some...
The human skin is commonly colonized by diverse fungal species. Some Candida species, especially C. albicans, do not only reside on the skin surface as commensals, but also cause infections by growing into the colonized tissue. However, defense mecha...
The human nasal microbiome can be a reservoir for several pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus. However, certain harmless nasal commensals can interfere with pathogen colonisation, an ability that could be exploited to prevent infection. Althou...
(1) Background: The rise in electronic cigarette (E-cigarette) popularity, especially among adolescents, has prompted research to investigate potential effects on health. Although much research has been carried out on the effect on lung health, the f...
This study presents the first bibliometric evaluation and systematic analysis of publications related to mucosal immunity and commensal microbiota over the last two decades and summarizes the contribution of countries, institutions, and scholars in t...
28 January 2021
Eating together at the same table, i.e., commensality, is an old phenomenon among humans. Today, there is a relatively high number of people living in single households eating most meals on their own. Among adults aged 65+ years, both malnutrition an...
Candida species are both opportunistic fungal pathogens and common members of the human mycobiome. Over the years, the main focus of the fungal field has been on understanding the pathogenic potential and disease manifestation of these organisms. The...
Trillions of microorganisms inhabit the mucosal membranes maintaining a symbiotic relationship with the host’s immune system. B cells are key players in this relationship because activated and differentiated B cells produce secretory immunoglobulin A...
Cutibacterium acnes is an opportunistic pathogen involved in Bone and Prosthesis Infections (BPIs). In this study, we observed the behavior of commensal and BPI C. acnes strains in the bone environment through bacterial internalization by osteoblast-...
The objective of this study was to determine if the interaction between common oral commensal bacteria and oral epithelial cells would provide protective effects against the invasion of periodontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Oral epithelial OKF...
Mammalian organisms form intimate interfaces with commensal and pathogenic gut microorganisms. Increasing evidence suggests a close interaction between gut microorganisms and the enteric nervous system (ENS), as the first interface to the central ner...
The human gastrointestinal microbiota contains a diverse consortium of microbes, including bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and fungi. Through millennia of co-evolution, the host–microbiota interactions have shaped the immune system to both tolerat...
The gut is home to more than millions of bacterial species. The gut bacteria coexist with the host in a symbiotic relationship that can influence the host’s metabolism, nutrition, and physiology and even module various immune functions. The com...
The knowledge of symbiotic, parasitic, and commensal interactions between macro and microorganisms is fundamental to explaining their coexistence, ecology, and productivity [...]
The human gut commensal microbiota forms a complex population of microorganisms that survive by maintaining a symbiotic relationship with the host. Amongst the metabolic benefits it brings, formation of adaptive immune system and maintenance of its h...
Back-and-forth intercommunication in host–pathogen interactions has long been recognized to play an important role in commensalism and microbial pathogenesis. For centuries, we have studied these microbes in our surroundings, yet many questions...
Norovirus is the leading cause of acute viral gastroenteritis. Both human and murine noroviruses attach to commensal bacteria belonging to the mammalian gut flora, and binding levels are influenced by nutrients present in bacterial media. However, it...
In recent years, commensal bacteria colonizing the human body have been recognized as important determinants of health and multiple pathologic conditions. Among the most extensively studied commensal bacteria are the gut microbiota, which perform a p...
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus has become a major public health concern, necessitating the discovery of new antimicrobial compounds. Given that the skin microbiome plays a critical role in the host defence against pathogens, the deve...
In recent years, host–microbiome interactions in both animals and plants has emerged as a novel research area for studying the relationship between host organisms and their commensal microbial communities. The fitness advantages of this mutuali...
Protein glycosylation is emerging as an important feature in bacteria. Protein glycosylation systems have been reported and studied in many pathogenic bacteria, revealing an important diversity of glycan structures and pathways within and between bac...
13 December 2022
The social act of eating together has been influenced and mediated by technologies in recent decades. This phenomenon has been investigated in different academic fields, but the topic is still in an incipient dimension, and there is a lack of consens...
Porphyromonas gingivalis plays a key role in periodontal disease and has been associated with several serious systemic diseases. Its fimbriae are a major virulence factor. We recently demonstrated the formation of bundles of long FimA fimbriae in str...
Life on this planet has been intricately associated with bacterial activity at all levels of evolution and bacteria represent the earliest form of autonomous existence. Plants such as those from the Leguminosae family that form root nodules while har...
The advent of sequencing technology has endowed us with the capacity to study microbes constituting the human commensal community that were previously non-culturable. Much of the initial works have concentrated on the bacterial flora constituting the...
As the outermost layer of the body, the skin harbors innumerable and varied microorganisms. These microorganisms interact with the host, and these interactions contribute to host immunity. One of the most abundant genera of skin commensals is Staphyl...
Colonic epithelium–commensal interactions play a very important role in human health and disease development. Colonic mucus serves as an ecologic niche for a myriad of commensals and provides a physical barrier between the epithelium and lumina...
The gut microbiome is intimately intertwined with the host immune system, having effects on the systemic immune system. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been linked not only to gastrointestinal disorders but also conditions of the skin, lungs, and...
The interaction between gut microbiota and the host immune system is a complex and understudied field, with cytokines like TNFα, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 playing pivotal roles. Commensal bacteria, including lactobacilli, respond to these cytokines...
Gut microbiota is a diverse community of microorganisms that constantly work to protect the gut against pathogens. Salmonella stands out as a notorious foodborne pathogen that interacts with gut microbes, causing an imbalance in the overall compositi...
Immune cells and commensal microbes in the human intestine constantly communicate with and react to each other in a stable environment in order to maintain healthy immune activities. Immune system-microbiota cross-talk relies on a complex network of...
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a growing concern worldwide as they pose complications in routine clinical practices such as diagnosis and management. Bacterial interactions on the skin surface are vital to the pathophysiology of DFU and may control d...
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