Compound extreme events can potentially cause deadlier socio-economic consequences. Although several studies focused on individual extreme climate events, the occurrence of compound extreme events is still not well studied in the upper Midwestern Uni...
Climate change and the resulting projected rise in sea level put densely populated urban communities at risk of river flooding, storm surges, and subsurface flooding. Miami finds itself in an increasingly vulnerable position, as compound inundation s...
The intensification of global climate change has led to an increased frequency of extreme rainfall and temperature events, posing severe threats to China’s ecosystems and socio-economic systems. This study, based on multi-year daily precipitati...
Global warming, sea-level rise, and rapid urbanization all increase the risk of compound extreme weather events, presenting challenges for the operation of urban-related infrastructure, including transportation infrastructure. In this context, some q...
With the increasing volatility and extremity of global climate change, the frequency, intensity, and associated impacts of compound extreme climate events have escalated substantially. To investigate the temporal trends and characteristics of such ev...
The northern permafrost regions are increasingly experiencing frequent and intense extreme events, with a rise in the occurrence of compound extreme events. Many climate-related hazards in these areas are driven by such compound events, significantly...
Compound extreme events pose more grave threats to human health, the natural environment, and socioeconomic systems than do individual extreme events. However, the drivers and spatiotemporal change characteristics of compound extreme events under cli...
By using the daily average wind speed and precipitation data of 125 stations in Jiangsu and Anhui Provinces of China from 1961 to 2020 and the monthly NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the interannual variation characteristics and its possible reasons of sp...
Compound and consecutive extreme events are increasingly understood as key contributors to climate risk, as their interactions can intensify impacts beyond those produced by individual hazards alone threatening the long-term sustainability of regiona...
In 2022, a record-breaking extreme compound heatwave–drought (CHD) event occurred in China’s Yangtze River Basin (YRB), which significantly reduced terrestrial ecosystem Gross Primary Production (GPP), as many previous studies have shown....
Compound extreme climate events have become increasingly frequent under climate change and may alter terrestrial carbon cycling through different atmospheric and soil pathways. Focusing on the Dongting Lake Eco-Economic Zone, this study identified th...
As local risk assessments are fundamental for risk management and mitigation strategies, this work introduces a methodology for assessing multi-hazard scenarios of extreme compounded events and their duration using daily time series of surface variab...
The Canadian Prairies are associated with high natural hydroclimatic variability including the frequent periodic occurrence of droughts and pluvials. These extremes carry various risks including significant damage to the economy, environment and soci...
In the recent decades, an ongoing increase in maximum temperature during summer has been observed in Poland, especially in the central-southern and southeastern areas. This raises the vulnerability of these regions not only to heat waves and drought...
Hydrometeorological extremes reflect rainfall intensity, persistence, and interactions among atmospheric variables. Quality-controlled daily observations from Chã de Macela (São Miguel Island, Azores; 2011–2023) were used to exami...
Extreme events such as Marine Heat Waves (MHWs) and Low Chlorophyll-a (LChl-a) in the ocean have devastating impacts on the marine environment, particularly when they occur simultaneously (i.e., the compound of MHWs and LChl-a events). In this study,...
Global warming has increased the frequency and intensity of extreme high-temperature events, with evolution patterns differing substantially under various temperature–humidity combinations. This study used observational data from 21 meteorologi...
Drought–flood abrupt alternation (DFAA) events have emerged as a critical type of compound climate extreme under ongoing climate change, posing increasing risks to water resources and ecosystems in Southwest China. This study investigated the s...
Compound extreme events can cause serious impacts on both the natural environment and human beings. This work aimed to explore the changes in compound drought–heatwave and heatwave–extreme precipitation events (i.e., CDHEs and CHPEs) acro...
Lightning is the primary natural cause of wildfires in mid- to high-latitude forests, and it is increasing in frequency under climate change. Traditional fire danger forecasts, reliant on standard meteorological data, often fail to capture extreme ev...
Compound drought and heatwave (CDHW) events pose a rising threat to global water security and ecosystem stability. While their increased frequency under global warming is recognized, their spatiotemporal evolution and subsequent cascading impacts on...
This station-scale study examines contrasting temperature and precipitation responses to climate change at Split–Marjan, Croatia, using daily observations (1948–2025) and hourly observations (1996–2025). Long-term trends, change poi...
This study proposes an analysis methodology to address how very rare marine extremes can be understood using limited data. In summer 2016, extreme weather and marine events occurred simultaneously around the Pacific shelf off southeastern Hokkaido, J...
The Horn of Africa (HOA) is one of the most drought-prone regions in the world with many arid and semiarid areas, and even some extremely arid areas. Primarily affected by the marine continental climate systems, this zone is really sensitive to globa...
Extreme precipitation and waves both drive coastal hazards along the American Mediterranean Sea, yet whether the two have changed in coordinated ways over recent decades remains unclear. We analyzed 43 years (1981–2023) of coastal precipitation...
Against the backdrop of accelerated terrestrial hydrological cycling and the increasing concurrence of drought-heatwave compound extremes under global warming, regional land-atmosphere coupling has emerged as a central mechanism shaping climate feedb...
In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the joint modelling of compound extreme events such as high temperatures and low rainfall. The increase in the frequency of occurrence of these events in many regions has necessitated the develop...
The intensity and frequency of ecosystem disturbances are shifting with climate change, and multiple disturbances in close succession have the potential to compound their independent effects and strongly alter ecosystem structure and function. In thi...
Understanding and addressing the implications of extreme temperature-related events are critical under climate change, as they directly impact public health and strain energy infrastructure. This study delved into the critical assessment of deadly he...
Compound wind and precipitation extremes (CPWEs) pose significant threats to infrastructure, economies, the environment, and human lives. In this study, the recurrence, spatial distribution, intensity, and synoptic conditions leading to the formation...
Analysis of hydrological extremes is challenging due to their rarity and small sample size and the interconnections between different types of extremes and gets further complicated by an untrustworthy representation of meso-scale processes involved i...
Due to its unique hydrogeological conditions, the Southwest Karst Area (SKA) in China experiences droughts far more frequently than non-karst regions. Exploring the distribution patterns and driving factors of different drought types is crucial for e...
Climate change is altering the quality of surface water and groundwater used for drinking-water production, while also challenging treatment processes and distribution-system stability. This review synthesises evidence across the catchment-to-tap con...
Coastal areas are home to billions of people and assets that are prone to natural disasters and climate change. In this study, we established a disaster network to assess the multi-hazards (gale and heavy rain) of typhoon disasters, specifically Typh...
Climate change can alter both the amount and timing of inflows to water supply reservoirs while also increasing heat-driven demand and the likelihood of stressful warm-season conditions. Climate-driven changes in inflow to Eagle Mountain Lake Reservo...
Forests are recognized for sustaining good water chemistry within landscapes. This study focuses on the water chemistry parameters and their hydrological predictability and seasonality (as a component of predictability) in watersheds of varying scale...
Compound drought and heatwave (CDHW) events have shown a marked increase under global warming, posing significant challenges to crop productivity. This review systematically categorizes key input and output datasets utilized across diverse research f...
The impact of extreme climate events on vegetation growth and ecosystem function has garnered widespread attention, particularly in plateau regions, which are facing increasingly severe environmental pressures. This study employs the Events Coinciden...
Wetlands are the largest natural source of atmospheric methane (CH4), and their emissions are projected to increase during the 21st century in response to climate change. However, how extreme climate events such as extreme heat, extreme precipitation...
Compound heat–precipitation events exert significant impacts on severe weather occurrences. Intense vertical air movement, driving vigorous convection, primarily contributes to the formation of extreme precipitation. Nevertheless, such compound...
Climate change impacts on vegetation phenology, especially under extreme climate events, remain inadequately understood. Based on the Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FPAR) from MODIS, this study extracted and investigated the end of...
Extreme events, such as drought, heat wave, cold wave, flood, and extreme rainfall, have received increasing attention in recent decades due to their wide impacts on society and ecosystems. Meanwhile, the compound extremes (i.e., the simultaneous or...
High ozone (O3) concentrations are frequently recorded in São Paulo Megacity, with extreme O3 levels often linked to high temperatures and heatwaves, phenomena expected to intensify with climate change. The co-occurrence of extreme O3 and heat...
Flooding in coastal areas is a major global hazard, made worse during compound flood events, which occur when multiple flood-drivers, such as tide, sea surge, and fluvial and pluvial flooding, coincide. We use 12 sea-level, 2065 rainfall, and 81 rive...
South Asia, one of the most important food producing regions in the world, is facing a significant threat to food grain production under the influence of extreme high temperatures. Furthermore, the probability of simultaneous trends in extreme precip...
Compound dry–hot events refer to climate phenomena where drought and high temperatures occur simultaneously. Compared to single extreme events, compound dry–hot events may have greater adverse impacts. This study uses high-spatial-resolut...
Some natural hazards may result from the coincidences of anomalies of different climatic variables. These so-called compound events can cause extreme impacts. This study analyzes compounds of extreme temperature with notable convective and stratiform...
Coastal areas are vulnerable to floods caused by rainstorms and typhoons. It is necessary to ascertain the risk of floods caused by both of these extreme weather events. A conceptual risk model is proposed to evaluate the rainstorm risk, typhoon surg...
Compound extreme events can severely impact water security, food security, and social and economic development. Compared with single-hazard events, compound extreme events cause greater losses. Therefore, understanding the spatial and temporal variat...
Due to ongoing global warming, the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events have increased substantially. Compared to individual extremes, compound drought and high temperature (CDHT) events represent a major climate risk in China. However,...
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