Search Results (692)

Allopregnanolone (allo) and isoallopregnanolone (isoallo) are neuroactive steroid epimers that differ in hydroxyl orientation at carbon three. Allo is a potent GABA-A receptor agonist, while isoallo acts as an antagonist, influencing brain function through their interconversion. Their metabolism varies across brain regions due to enzyme distribution, with AKR1C1–AKR1C3 active in the brain and AKR1C4 restricted to the liver. In rats, AKR1C9 (liver) and AKR1C14 (intestine) perform similar roles. Beyond AKR1Cs, HSD17Bs regulate steroid balance, with HSD17B6 active in the liver, thyroid, and lung, while HSD17B10, a mitochondrial enzyme, influences metabolism in high-energy tissues. Our current data obtained using the GC-MS/MS platform show that allo and isoallo in rats undergo significant metabolic conversion, suggesting a regulatory role in neurosteroid action. High allo levels following isoallo injection indicate brain interconversion, while isoallo clears more slowly from blood and undergoes extensive conjugation. Metabolite patterns differ between brain and plasma—allo injection leads to 5α-DHP and isoallo production, whereas isoallo treatment primarily yields allo. Human plasma contains mostly sulfate/glucuronided steroids (2.4–6% non-sulfate/glucuronided), whereas male rats exhibit much higher free steroid levels (29–56%), likely due to the absence of zona reticularis. These findings highlight tissue-specific enzymatic differences, which may impact neurosteroid regulation and CNS disorders. Full article

This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Rubus parvifolius leaf (RPL) extract, and its phytochemical composition was characterized using LC-MS/MS and HPLC analyses. In an inflammation model using HaCaT keratinocytes, treatment with RPL extract led to a significant reduction in inflammatory markers, indicating strong anti-inflammatory activity. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the extract is rich in flavonoids, with quercetin 3,7-diglucoside (12.73 mg/g DW) as the most abundant compound, followed by hirsutrin (4.74 mg/g DW) and ellagic acid (1.58 mg/g DW). Kaempferol 3-O-glucuronide was detected in lower amounts (0.31 mg/g DW), and tiliroside was present only in trace levels. These compounds are well known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting that RPL extract may exert multiple beneficial effects on skin health. Collectively, these findings support the potential of RPL extract as a natural therapeutic agent for managing skin inflammation, particularly in conditions such as atopic dermatitis, with its efficacy likely attributed to the high levels of quercetin 3,7-diglucoside, hirsutrin, and ellagic acid. However, the present work was confined to in vitro experiments, and the mechanistic pathways were not experimentally validated. Future in vivo studies are needed to confirm these findings. Full article

Polyphenols play a crucial role in promoting human health. This study aims to investigate the polyphenols of black hulless barley bran (HBP) and evaluate their anti-diabetic mechanisms in vivo. Using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, 27 compounds were identified in HBP, including four phenolic acids, 14 flavonoids, and nine anthocyanidins. High contents of Chrysoeriol 7-O-glucuronide (42.09 mg/g), Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (21.02 mg/g), and Cyanidin 3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)-glucoside (24.45 mg/g) were quantified via UPLC in HBP. Administration of HBP significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG), improved glucose intolerance and lipid profiles, and alleviated liver and pancreatic damage in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) mice. Furthermore, it enhanced serum antioxidant enzyme activities and modulated inflammatory cytokines. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that HBP influenced signal transduction and the immune system, particularly in key signaling pathways, including Hippo, TGF-beta, HIF-1, and p53, associated with T2DM. Although HBP had minimal impact on gut microbiota diversity and SCFA levels, it presents a promising candidate for T2DM intervention through its multifaceted mechanisms. Full article

The breast microbiome remains stable throughout a woman’s life. The breast is not a sterile organ, and its microbiota exhibits a distinct composition compared to other body sites. The breast microbiome is a community characterized by an abundance of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, which represent the result of host microbial adaptation to the fatty acid environment in the tissue. The breast microbiome demonstrates dynamic adaptability during lactation, responding to maternal physiological changes and infant interactions. This microbial plasticity modulates local immune responses, maintains epithelial integrity, and supports tissue homeostasis, thereby influencing both breast health and milk composition. Disruptions in this balance, the dysbiosis, are closely linked to inflammatory breast conditions such as mastitis. Risk factors for breast cancer (BC) include genetic mutations, late menopause, obesity, estrogen metabolism, and alterations in gut microbial diversity. Gut microbiota can increase estrogen bioavailability by deconjugating estrogen-glucuronide moieties. Perturbations of this set of bacterial genes and metabolites, called the estrobolome, increases circulating estrogens and the risk of BC. Fusobacterium nucleatum has recently been associated with BC. It moves from the oral cavity to other body sites hematogenously. This review deals with the characteristics of the breast microbiome, with a focus on F. nucleatum, highlighting its dual role in promoting tumor growth and modulating immune responses. F. nucleatum acts both on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by positively regulating MYC expression and on apoptosis by inhibiting caspase 8. Furthermore, F. nucleatum binds to TIGIT and CEACAM1, inhibiting T-cell cytotoxic activity and protecting tumor cells from immune cell attack. F. nucleatum also inhibits T-cell function through the recruitment of myeloid suppressor cells (MDSCs). These cells express PD-L1, which further reduces T-cell activation. A deeper understanding of F. nucleatum biology and its interactions with host cells and co-existing symbiotic microbiota could aid in the development of personalized anticancer therapy. Full article

Renal urate deposition is a pathological inflammatory condition characterized by the accumulation of urate crystals in the kidneys, resulting from uric acid supersaturation. Cichorium intybus L. (chicory) is a traditional medicinal herb recognized for its efficacy in treating hyperuricemia and gout; however, its effectiveness and underlying mechanisms in mitigating renal urate deposition remain inadequately understood. This study investigates the role of the ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2) transporter and the lncRNA H19/miR-21-3p in renal urate deposition, while also validating the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of chicory extract. Renal urate deposition was induced in rats through the administration of potassium oxonate, adenine, yeast extract, and lipopolysaccharide. The levels of serum uric acid (SUA), urate deposition, inflammation, renal function, and histological changes were analyzed. Dual-luciferase assays, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and immunohistochemistry were utilized to elucidate the relationship among ABCG2, lncRNA H19, and miR-21-3p. The chemical composition and active ingredients of chicory were analyzed using UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS, along with molecular docking and cell experiments. In rats with renal urate deposition, serum UA levels were elevated, renal UA excretion was reduced, and levels of low inflammatory factors, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and hypersensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), were increased. Additionally, significant renal tissue damage accompanied the urate deposition. Notably, these abnormalities were substantially reversed following treatment with chicory extract. A dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed the regulatory relationships among miR-21-3p, lncRNA H19, and ABCG2. Immunohistochemical analysis and RT-qPCR demonstrated a significant upregulation of miR-21-3p expression, alongside a downregulation of lncRNA H19, ABCG2 mRNA, and ABCG2 expression in the kidney tissue of rats with renal urate deposition. Chicory extract may exert its inhibitory effect on renal urate deposition by regulating the lncRNA H19/miR-21-3p axis to enhance ABCG2 expression. Furthermore, UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS identified 69 components in the chicory extract, including scopoletin, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide, 11β,13-dihydrolactucopicrin, and kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronide, which were absorbed into the blood of both normal rats and those with renal urate deposition. Molecular docking and cell experiment further validated the effective regulation of 11β,13-dihydrolactucopicrin in ABCG2 and the lncRNA H19/miR-21-3p axis. The downregulation of ABCG2, mediated by the lncRNA H19/miR-21-3p axis, may represent a critical pathogenic mechanism in renal urate deposition. Chicory alleviates this deposition by modulating the lncRNA H19/miR-21-3p axis to enhance ABCG2 expression, potentially through its component, 11β,13-dihydrolactucopicrin, thereby revealing novel therapeutic insights for renal urate deposition. Full article

Theaflavins, benzotropolone compounds formed during black tea processing via catechin condensation, have drawn attention for their potential health benefits and diverse biological effects. This study evaluated the inhibitory effects of four theaflavin monomers—theaflavin-3′-gallate, theaflavin-3,3′-digallate, theaflavin-3-gallate, and theaflavin—on eight CYP450 enzymes using pooled human liver microsomes and specific probe substrates, and seven UGT enzymes using human recombinant UGT enzymes and specific probe substrates. Theaflavin-3′-gallate moderately inhibited CYP1A2-catalyzed phenacetin metabolism and CYP2C8-mediated amodiaquine metabolism, with IC₅₀ values of 8.67 μM and 10–20 μM, respectively. Theaflavin-3,3′-digallate exhibited similar effects. Both compounds showed negligible inhibition with other CYP enzymes. In UGT assays, theaflavin-3′-gallate and theaflavin-3,3′-digallate moderately inhibited UGT1A1- and UGT1A3-mediated beta-estradiol glucuronidation (IC₅₀: 1.40–5.22 μM), with weak or no effects on other UGT enzymes. Molecular docking revealed that CYP1A2-theaflavin-3′-gallate and CYP2C8-theaflavin-3,3′-digallate interactions were non-competitive, primarily mediated by hydrogen bonding and π-interactions. UGT1A1-theaflavin interactions suggested non-competitive inhibition, while UGT1A3-theaflavin interactions indicated competitive inhibition. Other enzyme-theaflavin interactions exhibited minimal binding energy differences, implying mixed-type inhibition. These findings highlight the selective inhibitory effects of theaflavins on specific hepatic enzymes, with potential implications for nutrient interactions, particularly for nutrients metabolized by CYP1A2, CYP2C8, UGT1A1, and UGT1A3. Further research is needed to explore the in vivo relevance and assess the dietary implications of theaflavin-rich black tea in nutrition and metabolism. Full article

Objectives: A thorough understanding of pharmacokinetics and metabolism is critical during early drug development. This study investigates the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) profile of R14, a novel compound, using a combination of in vitro and in vivo approaches. Methods: In vitro studies included Caco-2 permeability assays, metabolic stability evaluations in liver microsomes and hepatocytes, and identification of CYP isoforms responsible for R14 metabolism. In vivo pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiling was conducted in rats following oral administration. R14 was quantified using UHPLC-MS/MS. Metabolites were identified using high-resolution UHPLC- QTOF MS/MS, and relative exposure was estimated using peak area-derived AUCs. Results: R14 exhibited low oral bioavailability (13.4%) and high systemic clearance (2.63 L/h/kg), indicating high hepatic extraction. A total of 21 plasma and 38 urine metabolites were identified. Major metabolic pathways included initial hydroxylation and hydrogenation, followed by sequential methylation and Phase II conjugations (glucuronidation and sulfation). Key metabolites (M3, M4, M22, M38) accounted for the majority of systemic exposure. Less than 1% of the unchanged drug was excreted in urine, confirming extensive metabolism. Notably, discrepancies between in vitro and in vivo metabolite profiles suggested rapid further transformation of initial metabolites in vivo, which were not fully captured in vitro. Conclusions: This study demonstrates an efficient and integrated strategy for early-phase ADME characterization. The combined use of in vitro assays and in vivo studies, guided by advanced analytical techniques, provides a robust framework for understanding drug metabolism. These findings can inform drug optimization and help minimize risks in later stages of development. Full article

Wild blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius Schott) is a culinary and medicinal plant traditionally used to treat various ailments, including hypertension. This study evaluated the vasorelaxant effects of five crude leaf extracts of R. ulmifolius (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and aqueous), as well as the hypotensive and antioxidant activities of its methanolic extract (MERu), and analyzed its phytochemical profile. Crude extracts, obtained using a Soxhlet apparatus, were tested in vitro on isolated rat aortic rings precontracted with phenylephrine. The hypotensive effect of MERu was examined in vivo in normotensive rats, and its antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH assay. Total phenolic and tannin contents were quantified by the Folin–Ciocalteu and hide powder methods, respectively, while UHPLC-MS was used to identify its phytochemicals. All crude extracts induced concentration-dependent vasorelaxation, with MERu showing the strongest effect (59.31% relaxation at 10⁻¹ g/L). Intravenous MERu induced significant blood pressure reductions in rats, starting at 1 mg/kg. At 20 mg/kg, systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures dropped by 38.61%, 51.58%, and 45.19%, respectively. MERu also demonstrated potent antioxidant activity and was rich in polyphenols, particularly tannins. Sixteen compounds were identified, notably rubanthrone A, a galloyl-bis-HHDP glucose derivative, ellagic acid, and quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide. These results suggest that R. ulmifolius may have therapeutic potential for hypertension and exhibits promising characteristics as a functional food. Full article

Background/Objectives: COVID-19 is a systemic viral infection that may lead to serious complications including acute kidney injury that requires kidney replacement therapy. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate urinary SerpinA3 (uSerpinA3) excretion as a biomarker of kidney recovery at 90 days, and the mortality in patients with critical COVID-19 and AKI requiring kidney replacement therapy (KRT). Methods: The study included patients with critical COVID-19 on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) requiring KRT. Blood and urine samples were obtained when KRT was initiated (day zero), and thereafter on days 1, 3, 7, and 14 post-replacement. uSerpinA3, kidney injury molecule-1 (uKIM-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) were measured in urine, and interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in peripheral blood. In addition, metabolomics in sample days zero and 3, and in the survivors on sample day 90 was performed by employing gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Results: A total of 60 patients were recruited, of whom 29 (48%) survived hospitalization and recovered kidney function by day 90. In the survivors, 79% presented complete recovery (CRR) and the remaining (21%) recovered partially (PRR). In terms of uSerpinA3, levels on days 7 and 14 predicted CRR, with AUC values of 0.68 (p = 0.041) and 0.71 (p = 0.030), respectively, as well as mortality, with AUC values of 0.75 (p = 0.007) and 0.76 (p = 0.015), respectively. Among the other biomarkers, the excretion of uKIM-1 on day zero of KRT had a superior performance as a CRR predictor [(AUC, 0.71 (p = 0.017)], and as a mortality predictor [AUC, 0.68 (p = 0.028)]. In the metabolomics analysis, we identified four distinct profiles; the metabolite that maintained statistical significance in predicting mortality was p-cresol glucuronide. Conclusions: This study strongly suggests that uSerpinA3 and uKIM-1 can predict CRR and mortality in patients with critical COVID-19 and AKI requiring KRT. Metabolic analysis appears promising for identifying affected pathways and their clinical impact in this population. Full article

Discovering, analyzing, and finding a key to understanding the physiological and biochemical responses that Vitis vinifera L. undertakes against drought stress is of fundamental importance for this profitable crop. Today’s considerable climatic fluctuations force researchers and farmers to focus on this issue with solutions inclined to respect the ecosystem. In this academic work, we focused on describing the drought stress consequences on several parameters of secondary metabolites on Vitis vinifera leaves (quercetins, kaempferol, resveratrol, proline, and xanthophylls) and on some ecophysiological characteristics (e.g., water potential, stomatal conductance, and leaf temperature) to compare the answers that diverse agronomic management techniques (i.e., irrigation with and without zeolite, pure zeolite and no application) could instaurate in the metabolic pathway of this important crop with the aim to find convincing and thought-provoking responses to use this captivating and versatile mineral, the zeolite known as the “magic rock”. Stressed grapevines reached 56.80 mmol/m²s gs at veraison and a more negative stem Ψ (+10.63%) compared to plants with zeolite. Resveratrol, in the hottest season, fluctuated from 0.18–0.19 mg/g in zeolite treatments to 0.37 mg/g in stressed vines. Quercetins were inclined to accumulate in response to drought stress too. In fact, we recorded a peak of quercetin (3-O-glucoside + 3-O-glucuronide) of 11.20 mg/g at veraison in stressed plants. It is interesting to note how the pool of metabolites was often unchanged for plants treated with zeolite and for plants treated with water only, thus elevating this mineral to a “stress reliever”. Full article

Background/Objectives: The emergence of cathinone-based psychostimulants necessitates ongoing research and analysis of the characteristics and properties of novel derivatives. The metabolic fate of five novel cathinone-derived substances (ASProp, MASProp, MASPent, PySProp, and PySPent) containing a selenophene moiety was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Methods: All compounds were incubated individually with pooled human liver S9 fraction. A monooxygenase activity screening investigating the metabolic contribution of eleven recombinant phase I isoenzymes was conducted. Rat urine after oral administration was prepared by urine precipitation. Liquid chromatography–high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry was used for the analysis of all samples. Reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) were used to evaluate and compare the metabolites’ chromatographic resolution. Results: Phase I reactions of ASProp, MASProp, MASPent, PySProp, and PySPent included N-dealkylation, hydroxylation, reduction, and combinations thereof. The monooxygenase activity screening revealed the contribution of various isozymes. Phase II reactions detected in vivo included N-acetylation and glucuronidation. Both chromatographic columns complemented each other. Conclusions: All substances revealed metabolic reactions comparable to those observed for other synthetic cathinones. Contributions from isozymes to their metabolism minimized the risk of drug–drug interactions. The identified metabolites should be considered as targets in human biosamples, especially in urine screening procedures. RPLC and HILIC can both be recommended for this purpose. Full article

Background/Objectives: The increased use of antibiotics is raising concerns about environmental contamination and antibiotic resistance, exemplified by the case of cotrimoxazole, a widely prescribed combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. After oral administration and absorption, both drugs are excreted in their parent and metabolized forms, which is a factor that is commonly considered in environmental studies. Many studies, however, rely on pharmacokinetic data from drug developers, who mostly investigate drug metabolism in healthy male volunteers rather than in actual patient populations. Methods: We investigated the real-world metabolism and urinary excretion of cotrimoxazole in an LC-SWATH/MS-based pharmacometabolomics study of 149 kidney transplant recipients who took part in the TransplantLines Biobank and Cohort Study (NCT0327284). Results: Our study confirmed (as “putatively characterized compound classes”) the presence of all the expected metabolites, and we (putatively) identified several previously unreported metabolites, including glucuronide conjugates of both drugs and two isoxazole ring-opened variants of sulfamethoxazole. The relative metabolite profiles furthermore indicated that the active drug trimethoprim accounted for 75% of the total signal intensity. For sulfamethoxazole, its acetylated metabolite was the main metabolite (59%), followed by the active parent drug (17%) and its glucuronide (7%). Alongside trimethoprim, these substances could serve as analytical targets for environmental cotrimoxazole monitoring, given their abundance (all three substances), activity (parent drug), and/or back-transformation potential (both conjugated metabolites). The isoxazole ring-opened variants (2–3%) may also warrant attention, considering their (presumed) absolute excreted quantities and potential pharmacological activity. Conclusions: This study underscores the value of pharmacometabolomics in elucidating real-world metabolite profiles, and it provides novel insights into cotrimoxazole metabolism and excretion, with implications for environmental and clinical monitoring. Full article

Background/Objectives: Herbal extracts from Betula alba (birch) are traditionally used for their purported diuretic effects, but scientific evidence supporting these claims remains limited. In this pilot study, we evaluated the short-term effects of a standardized B. alba leaf extract in healthy adult rats using an untargeted urinary metabolomics approach based on UPLC-QTOF. Methods: Two doses, 25 or 50 mg/kg, of a standardized B. alba extract were orally administered to rats. The extract contains hyperoside (0.53%), quercetin glucuronide (0.36%), myricetin glucoside (0.32%), and chlorogenic acid (0.28%) as its main constituents. After 3 days of treatment, the 24 h urine output was measured. Results: While no statistically significant changes were observed in the 24 h urine volume or the urinary Na⁺ and K⁺ excretion, multivariate metabolomic analysis revealed treatment-induced alterations in the urinary metabolic profile. Notably, the levels of two glucocorticoids, i.e., corticosterone and 11-dehydrocorticosterone, were increased in treated animals, suggesting that the extract may influence corticosteroid metabolism or excretion, potentially impacting antidiuretic hormone signaling. Elevated bile-related compounds, including bile acids and bilin, and glucuronidated metabolites were also observed, indicating changes in bile acid metabolism, hepatic detoxification, and possibly gut microbiota activity. Conclusions: Although this study did not confirm a diuretic effect of B. alba extract, the observed metabolic shifts suggest broader systemic bioactivities that warrant further investigation. Overall, the results indicate that the approach based on urinary metabolomics may be valuable in uncovering the mechanisms of action and evaluating the bioactivity of herbal extracts with purported diuretic properties. Full article

The rumen and intestinal microbiota play a pivotal role in the digestion and absorption processes of ruminants. Elucidating the mechanisms by which gastrointestinal microbiota influence the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in ruminants is significantly important for enhancing feed utilization efficiency in these animals. In this study, RT-qPCR, 16S rRNA sequencing, and metabolomic techniques were systematically employed to compare the microbial community structures in the rumen, cecum, and rectum, as well as the differences in rumen metabolites between high- and low-FCR Tan sheep. The results showed that, compared to the HFCR group of Tan sheep, the LFCR group exhibited a significant reduction in unclassified_f__Selenomonadaceae, Blvii28_wastewater-sludge_group, and Papillibacter in the rumen; a significant increase in Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group and Sanguibacteroides; a significant reduction in unclassified_f__Peptostreptococcaceae, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, and Parasutterella in the cecum; a significant increase in norank_f__Bacteroidales_UCG-001; and a significant reduction in norank_f__Muribaculaceae, Blautia, and Turicibacter in the rectum. There is a significant positive correlation between Parasutterella in the cecum and three microorganisms, including unclassified_f__Selenomonadaceae, in the rumen. Additionally, Blvii28_wastewater-sludge_group was positively correlated with Lactobacillus. Furthermore, unclassified_f__Selenomonadaceae in the rumen was positively correlated with Turicibacter, unclassified_f__Peptostreptococcaceae, and Breznakia in the rectum. Blvii28_wastewater-sludge_group also showed positive correlations with Blautia, norank_f__Muribaculaceae, and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, while Papillibacter was positively correlated with Faecalitalea. The metabolomic results indicated that, compared to the HFCR group, 261 differential metabolites, including Phenylacetylglutamine and Populin, in the rumen of Tan sheep in the LFCR group were significantly downregulated, whereas 36 differential metabolites, including Glycyl-L-tyrosine, were significantly upregulated. Furthermore, the rumen microbe unclassified_f__Selenomonadaceae exhibited positive correlations with significantly differential metabolites such as L-tryptophan, Etiocholanolone glucuronide, N-acetyl-O-demethylpuromycin, and 6-deoxyerythronolide B. Blvii28_wastewater-sludge_group and Papillibacter also exhibited positive correlations with Icilin. High and low FCRs in the rumen of Tan sheep were investigated, especially in relation to unclassified_f__Selenomonadaceae, Blvii28_wastewater-sludge_group, and Papillibacter. Correlations can be seen with microorganisms such as Parasutatella and Lactobacillus in the cecum; Turicibacter, norank_f__Bacteroideales_UCG-001, and Blautia in the rectum; and metabolites such as L-tryptophan, Etiocholanolone glucuronide, and N-acetyl-O-demethylpuromycin. This reveals the role of microorganisms in the digestion and absorption of Tan sheep feed, thus providing a preliminary basis for further research on the microbial regulation of ruminant animal feed utilization and a theoretical basis for improving Tan sheep feed utilization efficiency. Full article

Apricot is one of the most important Mediterranean fruits with high diversity and fruit quality properties, being an excellent raw material for polyphenol compounds. This study aimed to determine the anthocyanin, quercetin glycoside and phenolic acid contents in new apricot genotypes from the breeding program at the Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, confirming the potential of the ‘Goldrich’ cultivar to be a parental donor for increasing the antioxidant content, which would, in turn, enhance fruit quality. Phenolic composition of the apricot accessions is strongly genotype-dependent, with the concentrations of overall total phenolic compounds ranging from 770 to 260 mg 100 g⁻¹ DW, reflecting significant genetic diversity. ‘Goldrich’ contributed to the polyphenol content; however, its influence varied across derived varieties, with ‘GG9310’ and ‘GG979’ enhancing the shikimic acid pathway and accumulating high levels of total phenolics. In contrast, ‘Mitger’ and ‘HG9850’ stood out for high anthocyanin synthesis, despite their lower levels of flavonols and phenolic acids. The predominant anthocyanin was cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, followed by cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and peonidin-3-O-rutinoside in smaller amounts. Other phenolics were rutin and quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, as well as neochlorogenic and chlorogenic acids. The PCA model was applied to all data to identify the most attractive cultivars, and chromatographic analysis was performed in a short time using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) with diode array and mass spectrometric detection. Apricot peel is an excellent source of nutraceutical compounds with a chemical composition strongly determined by the cultivar. Results can help establish authenticity markers for apricot cultivars. Full article