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Search Results (2)

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Keywords = gum and tooth pathology

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15 pages, 5811 KiB  
Project Report
The Effects of Khat Chewing among Djiboutians: Dental Chemical Studies, Gingival Histopathological Analyses and Bioinformatics Approaches
by Fatouma Mohamed Abdoul-Latif, Ayoub Ainane, Ali Merito, Ibrahim Houmed Aboubaker, Houda Mohamed, Sanaa Cherroud and Tarik Ainane
Bioengineering 2024, 11(7), 716; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11070716 - 15 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2318
Abstract
This study examined the effects of khat chewing on oral gingival conditions by adopting a targeted process which combined physicochemical analyses of the teeth, histopathological examinations of the gums, and bioinformatics modeling. The physicochemical evaluation of teeth in khat consumers compared to non-consumers [...] Read more.
This study examined the effects of khat chewing on oral gingival conditions by adopting a targeted process which combined physicochemical analyses of the teeth, histopathological examinations of the gums, and bioinformatics modeling. The physicochemical evaluation of teeth in khat consumers compared to non-consumers was carried out using specific analytical techniques; hence, the results of this initial investigation revealed significant erosion of the tooth enamel due to khat chewing, as well as an alteration of the essential chemical composition of the teeth. Additionally, the histopathological analyses complemented preliminary studies by showing severe inflammation of the gums and oral mucosa in khat users. The understanding of these studies was enriched by bioinformatics analysis, where modeling was carried out via computational methods. This analytical phase examined molecular docking mechanisms, including the interaction between cathinone, the main alkaloid of khat, and the protein receptors involved in the protection of gingival tissues against infections. In summary, this multidisciplinary research provided an in-depth view of the oral health issues related to khat chewing, combining experimental studies with bioinformatics perspectives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials in Dental Applications)
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7 pages, 234 KiB  
Review
Oral Pathology Induced by Excess or Deficiency of Glucocorticoids in Adults
by Rucsandra Elena Dănciulescu Miulescu, Loreta Guja, Bogdan Socea, Anca Dumitriu, Stana Paunica and Emil Ștefănescu
J. Mind Med. Sci. 2020, 7(2), 141-147; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.72.P141147 - 29 Sep 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 57
Abstract
Oral manifestations are present both in Cushing's syndrome and in adrenal insufficiency. Possible oro-dental pathology in patients with Cushing's syndrome include jawbone loss, tooth loss, and periodontal diseases. Professional societies did not include Cushing's syndrome as being part of systemic diseases associated with [...] Read more.
Oral manifestations are present both in Cushing's syndrome and in adrenal insufficiency. Possible oro-dental pathology in patients with Cushing's syndrome include jawbone loss, tooth loss, and periodontal diseases. Professional societies did not include Cushing's syndrome as being part of systemic diseases associated with loss of periodontal supporting tissues. The comorbidities of Cushing's syndrome such as obesity, osteoporosis, and diabetes are conditions that influence periodontal attachment apparatus. In patients with adrenal primary insufficiency, the most specific sign is the melanic pigmentation of the skin and mucosal surfaces due to increments of corticotropin and pro-opiomelanocortin peptide levels that occur as a result of decreased cortisol feedback. The oral mucosa develops black plaques that can also be present on the gums, palate, tongue, and lips. The pallor may occur in patients with adrenocortical insufficiency secondary to corticotropin deficiency. Patients with primary adrenal insufficiency need to increase their glucocorticoid doses during physical activity, intercurrent illnesses, surgery, and medical procedures. Current evidence indicates that routine, nonsurgical, or minor surgical procedures do not need supplemental glucocorticoids in diagnosed patients who are in a stable condition. However, for major oral surgery, glucocorticoid supplementation is necessary for the surgery day and for at least one postoperative day. Full article
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