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Keywords = lysine-acetylsalicylate

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10 pages, 1876 KiB  
Article
The Choice of Anti-Inflammatory Influences the Elimination of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins
by Víctor Joaquín Escudero-Saiz, Elena Cuadrado-Payán, María Rodriguez-Garcia, Gregori Casals, Lida María Rodas, Néstor Fontseré, María del Carmen Salgado, Carla Bastida, Nayra Rico, José Jesús Broseta and Francisco Maduell
Toxins 2024, 16(12), 545; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16120545 - 16 Dec 2024
Viewed by 624
Abstract
Pain is a frequent and disturbing symptom among hemodialysis patients. Protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are related to cardiovascular and overall mortality, and they are difficult to remove with current hemodialysis treatments. The PBUT displacers, such as furosemide, tryptophan, or ibuprofen, may be promising [...] Read more.
Pain is a frequent and disturbing symptom among hemodialysis patients. Protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are related to cardiovascular and overall mortality, and they are difficult to remove with current hemodialysis treatments. The PBUT displacers, such as furosemide, tryptophan, or ibuprofen, may be promising new strategies for improving their clearance. This study aims to compare ibuprofen versus other analgesic drugs in PBUT removal. A prospective study was carried out in 23 patients. Patients underwent four dialysis sessions with routine dialysis parameters, except for analgesic drugs administered (lysine acetylsalicylic acid, acetaminophen, dexketoprofen, and ibuprofen). The reduction ratios (RRs) of a wide range of molecular weight molecules were assessed, including total p-cresyl sulfate and total indoxyl-sulfate. There were no complications related to the administered drug, and pain was controlled independently of the drug. There were no differences in the RR of small-size and medium-sized molecules between all four study treatments. However, indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate RRs when ibuprofen was administered were significantly higher than lysine acetylsalicylic acid, acetaminophen, and dexketoprofen treatments. In conclusion, patients with pain may benefit from treatment with ibuprofen instead of lysine acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol, or dexketoprofen, since in addition to improving pain, it increases the removal of PBUTs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Uremic Toxins)
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11 pages, 1051 KiB  
Article
Quality of Life in NSAIDs-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease on or off Intranasal Lysine Aspirin Therapy
by Alfonso Luca Pendolino, Joshua Ferreira, Glenis K. Scadding and Peter J. Andrews
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(3), 1162; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14031162 - 30 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1186
Abstract
Background: Intranasal administration of lysine aspirin (LAS) is a safe and effective method for aspirin treatment after desensitisation (ATAD). Changes in quality of life (QoL) in patients on intranasal LAS have not been documented and we aimed to investigate QoL in N-ERD [...] Read more.
Background: Intranasal administration of lysine aspirin (LAS) is a safe and effective method for aspirin treatment after desensitisation (ATAD). Changes in quality of life (QoL) in patients on intranasal LAS have not been documented and we aimed to investigate QoL in N-ERD patients on or off nasal ATAD. Moreover, an estimate of the cost burden of intranasal LAS is given. Methods: A cross-sectional review was conducted for all challenge-confirmed N-ERD patients who were in follow-up in our rhinology clinic. They were asked to complete a SNOT-22 questionnaire, a visual analogue scale for sense of smell (sVAS). Information on prices of LAS and other consumables used for intranasal ATAD was obtained from our hospital pharmacy to obtain an estimate of the cost burden. Results: Thirty-four patients replied to the email (79.1% response rate). Of these, 21 (61.8%) were on intranasal LAS. A statistically significant lower score in the total SNOT-22 was found amongst patients on intranasal LAS (p = 0.02). The subanalysis of SNOT-22 domains showed that patients on LAS had statistically significant lower scores in the domains “rhinologic symptoms” (p = 0.05), “function” (p = 0.02), and “emotion” (p = 0.01). No significant differences were observed when looking at sVAS. The cost of 1-year treatment of LAS per person was ≈GBP 180.7 with a daily cost of ≈GBP 0.50. Conclusions: This study supports the efficacy of nasal ATAD in the management of N-ERD and suggests that long-term use can lead to QoL improvement with cost benefits. Full article
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18 pages, 1543 KiB  
Review
Therapeutic Strategies to Prevent the Recurrence of Nasal Polyps after Surgical Treatment: An Update and In Vitro Study on Growth Inhibition of Fibroblasts
by Angela Rizzi, Luca Gammeri, Raffaele Cordiano, Mariagrazia Valentini, Michele Centrone, Sabino Marrone, Riccardo Inchingolo, Franziska Michaela Lohmeyer, Carlo Cavaliere, Francesco Ria, Gabriella Cadoni, Sebastiano Gangemi and Eleonora Nucera
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(8), 2841; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12082841 - 13 Apr 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5396
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is the most bothersome phenotype of chronic rhinosinusitis, which is typically characterized by a Type 2 inflammatory reaction, comorbidities and high rates of nasal polyp recurrence, causing severe impact on quality of life. Nasal polyp recurrence rates, [...] Read more.
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is the most bothersome phenotype of chronic rhinosinusitis, which is typically characterized by a Type 2 inflammatory reaction, comorbidities and high rates of nasal polyp recurrence, causing severe impact on quality of life. Nasal polyp recurrence rates, defined as the number of patients undergoing revision endoscopic sinus surgery, are 20% within a 5 year period after surgery. The cornerstone of CRSwNP management consists of anti-inflammatory treatment with local corticosteroids. We performed a literature review regarding the therapeutic strategies used to prevent nasal polyp recurrence after surgical treatment. Finally, we report an in vitro study evaluating the efficacy of lysine–acetylsalicylic acid and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ketoprofen and diclofenac) on the proliferation of fibroblasts, obtained from nasal polyp tissue samples. Our study demonstrates that diclofenac, even more so than lysine–acetylsalicylic acid, significantly inhibits fibroblast proliferation and could be considered a valid therapeutic strategy in preventing CRSwNP recurrence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current and Emerging Treatment Options in Sinus and Nasal Diseases)
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17 pages, 4061 KiB  
Article
L-Lysine-Coated Magnetic Core–Shell Nanoparticles for the Removal of Acetylsalicylic Acid from Aqueous Solutions
by Ayessa P. Maciel, Guilherme Gomide, Franciscarlos G. da Silva, Ana Alice A. M. Guerra, Jerome Depeyrot, Alessio Mezzi and Alex F. C. Campos
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(3), 514; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13030514 - 27 Jan 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2115
Abstract
Nanotechnologies based on magnetic materials have been successfully used as efficient and reusable strategies to remove pharmaceutical residuals from water. This paper focuses on the fabrication, characterization, and application of ferrite-based magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with L-lysine as potential nanoadsorbents to remove acetylsalicylic acid [...] Read more.
Nanotechnologies based on magnetic materials have been successfully used as efficient and reusable strategies to remove pharmaceutical residuals from water. This paper focuses on the fabrication, characterization, and application of ferrite-based magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with L-lysine as potential nanoadsorbents to remove acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) from water. The proposed nanomaterials are composed of highly magnetic and chemically stable core–shell nanoparticles covered with an adsorptive layer of L-lysine (CoFe2O4–γ-Fe2O3–Lys). The nanoadsorbents were elaborated using the coprecipitation method in an alkaline medium, leading to nanoparticles with two different mean sizes (13.5 nm and 8.5 nm). The samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, FTIR, XPS, Zetametry, BET, and SQUID magnetometry. The influence of time, pH, and pollutant concentration was evaluated from batch studies using 1.33 g/L of the nanoadsorbents. The Freundlich isotherm best adjusted the adsorption data. The adsorption process exhibited a pseudo-second-order kinetic behavior. The optimal pH for adsorption was around 4–6, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 16.4 mg/g after 150 min of contact time. Regeneration tests also showed that the proposed nanomaterials are reusable. The set of results proved that the nanoadsorbents can be potentially used to remove ASA from water and provide relevant information for their application in large-scale designs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research on Surface and Interface in Nanosystems)
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19 pages, 31359 KiB  
Article
D,L-Lysine-Acetylsalicylate + Glycine (LASAG) Reduces SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Shows an Additive Effect with Remdesivir
by Johannes Jungwirth, Clio Häring, Sarah König, Liane Giebeler, Heena Doshi, Christian Brandt, Stefanie Deinhardt-Emmer, Bettina Löffler and Christina Ehrhardt
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(13), 6880; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23136880 - 21 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 4063
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is still challenging healthcare systems and societies worldwide. While vaccines are available, therapeutic strategies are developing and need to be adapted to each patient. Many clinical approaches focus on the [...] Read more.
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is still challenging healthcare systems and societies worldwide. While vaccines are available, therapeutic strategies are developing and need to be adapted to each patient. Many clinical approaches focus on the repurposing of approved therapeutics against other diseases. However, the efficacy of these compounds on viral infection or even harmful secondary effects in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection are sparsely investigated. Similarly, adverse effects of commonly used therapeutics against lifestyle diseases have not been studied in detail. Using mono cell culture systems and a more complex chip model, we investigated the effects of the acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) salt D,L-lysine-acetylsalicylate + glycine (LASAG) on SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. ASA is commonly known as Aspirin® and is one of the most frequently used medications worldwide. Our data indicate an inhibitory effect of LASAG on SARS-CoV-2 replication and SARS-CoV-2-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and coagulation factors. Remarkably, our data point to an additive effect of the combination of LASAG and the antiviral acting drug remdesivir on SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Interactions and Mechanisms of COVID-19 Inhibition)
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12 pages, 1040 KiB  
Review
The Utility of Nasal Challenges to Phenotype Asthma Patients
by Guillermo Bentabol-Ramos, Rocio Saenz de Santa Maria-Garcia, Monica Vidal-Diaz, Ibon Eguiluz-Gracia and Almudena Testera-Montes
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(9), 4838; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094838 - 27 Apr 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2636
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease in terms of both phenotype and response to therapy. Therefore, there is a great need for clinically applicable tools allowing for improved patient classification, and selection for specific management approaches. Some interventions are highly helpful in selected patients [...] Read more.
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease in terms of both phenotype and response to therapy. Therefore, there is a great need for clinically applicable tools allowing for improved patient classification, and selection for specific management approaches. Some interventions are highly helpful in selected patients (e.g., allergen immunotherapy or aspirin desensitization), but they are costly and/or difficult to implement. Currently available biomarkers measurable in peripheral blood or exhaled air display many limitations for asthma phenotyping and cannot identify properly the specific triggers of the disease (e.g., aeroallergens or NSAID). The united airway concept illustrates the relevant epidemiological and pathophysiological links between the upper and lower airways. This concept has been largely applied to patient management and treatment, but its diagnostic implications have been less often explored. Of note, a recent document by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology proposes the use of nasal allergen challenge to confirm the diagnosis of allergic asthma. Similarly, the nasal challenge with lysine acetylsalicylate (L-ASA) can be used to identify aspirin-sensitive asthma patients. In this review, we will summarize the main features of allergic asthma and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease and will discuss the methodology of nasal allergen and L-ASA challenges with a focus on their capacity to phenotype the inflammatory disease affecting both the upper and lower airways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Medicine in Asthma and Allergic Diseases)
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207 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Natural Aspirin-Like Compounds from White Willow (Salix alba) Bark Extract Prevent Structural Changes of Human Hemoglobin during In Vitro Non-Enzymatic Glycation and Fructation, Preserving Its Peroxidase and Esterase Activity
by Ionela Cristina Nica, Maria Mernea, Gheorghe Stoian and Anca Dinischiotu
Med. Sci. Forum 2021, 2(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/CAHD2020-08602 - 30 Nov 2020
Viewed by 2951
Abstract
Proteins undergo continuous changes under the action of various intrinsic and extrinsic factors, leading to alteration of several intracellular metabolic pathways and the development of various clinical disorders. Non-enzymatic glycosylation is one of the main factors responsible for the progression of diabetic complications [...] Read more.
Proteins undergo continuous changes under the action of various intrinsic and extrinsic factors, leading to alteration of several intracellular metabolic pathways and the development of various clinical disorders. Non-enzymatic glycosylation is one of the main factors responsible for the progression of diabetic complications and the aging process. Although there are currently many effective therapies in the prevention and treatment of these diseases, in the last decade, there has been an increasing trend of replacing synthetic drugs by natural compounds, in order to reduce the side effects that may occur and the production costs. It is well known that aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) inhibits the glycation process of serum proteins by acetylating N-terminal amino groups and lysine residues in their structure. Therefore, the main purpose of our research was to analyze the non-enzymatic glycation and fructation process of hemoglobin through spectrometric and electrophoretic techniques, in order to reveal how this process could influence the three-dimensional structure and biological function of the protein, and the effect of some natural aspirin-like compounds on the peroxidase and esterase activity of hemoglobin during fructose and glucose binding. In this way, a preliminary phytochemical characterization of a bark extract of white willow (Salix alba) was performed in order to evaluate the content of total phenolics, flavonoids, and salicylic derivatives, as well as the antioxidant activity. Then, human erythrocytes isolated from whole peripheral blood were incubated with different concentrations of fructose/glucose (10, 50, 100 mM) and S. alba extract for 5, 7, 10 and 14 days. The results obtained from the THz spectra confirmed that fructose was more reactive than glucose, so the glycation process took place more slowly than fructation. Also, the presence of S. alba extract showed an antiglycosylating effect, but not a total inhibition of the glycation process. In addition, enzymatic determinations proved that willow bark extract restored the peroxidase and esterase activities to the control levels. Our data indicated that salicylic compounds can be successfully used as substitutes for aspirin, one of the main synthetic compounds with anti-inflammatory and anti-glycosylating roles. Salicin, salicylic acid and other salicylic compounds possess strong antioxidant properties, which give them the ability to participate in the glycosylation process to block the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Full article
16 pages, 3397 KiB  
Article
Transcription Factor OpWRKY3 Is Involved in the Development and Biosynthesis of Camptothecin and Its Precursors in Ophiorrhiza pumila Hairy Roots
by Can Wang, Chao Wu, Yao Wang, Chenhong Xie, Min Shi, Shivraj Nile, Zhigang Zhou and Guoyin Kai
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(16), 3996; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20163996 - 16 Aug 2019
Cited by 39 | Viewed by 3980
Abstract
The plant Ophiorrhiza pumila produces camptothecin (CPT), a kind of terpene indole alkaloid (TIAs) that has been widely used in treatment of cancer. Tryptophan-arginine-lysine-tyrosine (WRKY) transcription factors have been reported to play important roles in plant metabolism and development. In this study, a [...] Read more.
The plant Ophiorrhiza pumila produces camptothecin (CPT), a kind of terpene indole alkaloid (TIAs) that has been widely used in treatment of cancer. Tryptophan-arginine-lysine-tyrosine (WRKY) transcription factors have been reported to play important roles in plant metabolism and development. In this study, a novel WRKY transcription factor named OpWRKY3 was isolated from O. pumila, with full-length open reading frame (ORF) of 1128 bp, encoding 375 amino acids. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that OpWRKY3 shared the highest homology with VvWRKY30, and it is a significant feature belonging to group III. OpWRKY3 was responsive to various treatments, including gibberellin (GA3), methyl jasmonate (MJ), acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), salicylic acid (SA), and abscisic acid (ABA). Besides, OpWRKY3 is expressed predominantly in stems. Subcellular localization analysis showed that OpWRKY3 localized in the nucleus. The biomass of OpWRKY3-SRDX transgenic hairy roots (S line) was visibly suppressed, while there were slight changes between overexpression of the OpWRKY3 line (OE line) and the control. In addition, the concentration and total production of camptothecin precursors including loganin and secologanin were significantly changed in both OE and S lines while total production of CPT was significantly changed in most transgenic lines. Thus, the present work revealed that OpWRKY3 may act as a regulator in the growth and development of O. pumila, and in production of camptothecin and its precursors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Traditional Medicine: Connecting West and East)
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244 KiB  
Article
Acoustic Rhinometry in the Evaluation of Nasal Lysine Aspirin Challenge
by Maciej Kupczyk, Izabela Kupryś-Lipińska, Małgorzata Bocheńska-Marciniak and Piotr Kuna
Adv. Respir. Med. 2010, 78(2), 103-111; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.27735 - 19 Mar 2010
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 481
Abstract
Background: Nasal lysine aspirin (Lys-ASA) challenge is an alternative to oral and bronchial challenges in the diagnosis of hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and other non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The aim of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of [...] Read more.
Background: Nasal lysine aspirin (Lys-ASA) challenge is an alternative to oral and bronchial challenges in the diagnosis of hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and other non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The aim of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of acoustic rhinometry as an objective method of evaluation of nasal Lys-ASA challenge. Material and methods: We enrolled 20 patients with ASA-induced asthma confirmed by oral challenge (ASA-S group), 5 patients with allergic rhinitis without hypersensitivity to NSAIDs, and 5 healthy individuals (ASA-NS group). All the subjects underwent challenge with placebo (0.9% NaCl) or 14.4 mg of Lys-ASA applied in a spray into both nostrils (total dose: 16 mg of ASA). Measurements of nasal volume bilaterally were performed with an acoustic rhinometer before and 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours after the challenge. For further calculations we used the sum of both nasal volumes at 2 to 5 cm from the nostrils. Results: The mean total nasal volume in the AIA group before and 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours after the challenge was 7.75, 6.21, 7.11, 7.12, and 7.24 cm3 following placebo, respectively, and 7.24, 5.77, 6.31, 6.27, and 6.98 cm3 following Lys-ASA, respectively (p = 0.048 and p = 0.02 at 2 and 4 hours, Lys-ASA vs. placebo, Wilcoxon test). With the cutoff value of nasal volume reduction of 10%, the test sensitivity was 70%, the specificity was 60%, the positive predictive value was 77.78%, and the negative predictive value was 50% at 1 hour after the challenge. Conclusions: Acoustic rhinometry with the measurement of nasal volume at 2 to 5 cm from the nostrils proved insufficiently sensitive or specific to be used as the sole method for evaluation of nasal Lys-ASA challenge. Full article
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