Feature Extraction of Ship-Radiated Noise Based on Permutation Entropy of the Intrinsic Mode Function with the Highest Energy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Permutation Entropy
2.2. Multi-Scale Permutation Entropy
2.3. Empirical Mode Decomposition
3. The Analysis of the Permutation Entropy of Each Intrinsic Mode Function
3.1. The Choice of Permutation Entropy Parameters
3.2. The Empirical Mode Decomposition of the Ship-Radiated Noise
3.3. The PE of Each IMF
4. Feature Extraction of SRN Signal
4.1. Feature Extraction Based on the PE of the IMF with the Highest Energy
4.2. Feature Extraction Based on MPE
4.3. Feature Extraction Based on Energy Difference
4.4. Comparison of Feature Extraction Methods
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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First Type | Second Type | Third Type | |
---|---|---|---|
EIMF (level) | 6 | 4 | 3 |
PE of EIMF | 0.2528 | 0.3310 | 0.4054 |
First Type | Second Type | Third Type | |
---|---|---|---|
MPE (scale = 1) | 0.8837 | 0.7105 | 0.7852 |
MPE (scale = 17) | 0.8562 | 0.9717 | 0.9123 |
First Type | Second Type | Third Type | |
---|---|---|---|
Energy difference (db) | −12.013 | −2.4347 | −1.5990 |
First Type | Second Type | Third Type | |
---|---|---|---|
The average value of PE of EIMF | 0.2524 | 0.3458 | 0.4287 |
The range of PE of EIMF | 0.2473~0.2612 | 0.3325~0.3641 | 0.3825~0.4526 |
The average value of PE | 0.8825 | 0.7164 | 0.7482 |
The range of PE | 0.8673~0.8934 | 0.6926~0.7458 | 0.7129~0.7912 |
The average value of MPE (scale = 17) | 0.8452 | 0.9758 | 0.9137 |
The range of MPE (scale = 17) | 0.7912~0.9034 | 0.9553~0.9876 | 0.8457~0.9625 |
The average value of energy difference (db) | −13.9462~−11.6412 | −4.3344~−1.7516 | −1.9847~−0.8835 |
The range of energy difference (db) | −12.6240 | −2.9339 | −1.4713 |
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Li, Y.-X.; Li, Y.-A.; Chen, Z.; Chen, X. Feature Extraction of Ship-Radiated Noise Based on Permutation Entropy of the Intrinsic Mode Function with the Highest Energy. Entropy 2016, 18, 393. https://doi.org/10.3390/e18110393
Li Y-X, Li Y-A, Chen Z, Chen X. Feature Extraction of Ship-Radiated Noise Based on Permutation Entropy of the Intrinsic Mode Function with the Highest Energy. Entropy. 2016; 18(11):393. https://doi.org/10.3390/e18110393
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Yu-Xing, Ya-An Li, Zhe Chen, and Xiao Chen. 2016. "Feature Extraction of Ship-Radiated Noise Based on Permutation Entropy of the Intrinsic Mode Function with the Highest Energy" Entropy 18, no. 11: 393. https://doi.org/10.3390/e18110393