Effect of Extraction Solvent/Technique on the Antioxidant Activity of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts
Abstract
:Introduction
Results and Discussion
Effects of extracting solvent/technique on the extracts yields from different medicinal plant materials
Medicinal plant organs | Extraction by shaker | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Absolute methanol | Aqueous (80%) methanol | Absolute ethanol | Aqueous (80%) ethanol | |
Moringa oleifera leaves | 9.61 ± 0.39dc | 17.9 ± 0.18ca | 8.94 ± 0.27dc | 12.6 ± 0.51db |
Moringa oleifera root | 3.24 ± 0.14eb | 6.65 ± 0.19ea | 2.23 ± 0.12eb | 3.63 ± 0.26eb |
Eugenia jambolana bark | 19.2 ± 0.38ba | 14.1 ± 0.56db | 2.81 ± 0.39ec | 13.5 ± 0.40db |
Acacia nilotica bark | 23.4 ± 0.47ab | 31.6 ± 0.95aa | 13.1 ± 0.52bc | 15.7 ± 0.32cc |
Azadirachta indica bark | 10.7 ± 0.22dc | 13.8 ± 0.55dc | 37.2 ± 0.74aa | 25.0 ± 0.53bb |
Terminalia arjuna bark | 22.5 ± 0.67ab | 23.3 ± 0.45bb | 34.5 ± 0.44aa | 37.2 ± 0.46aa |
Ficus religiosa fruit | 18.9 ± 0.76bb | 26.4 ± 0.52ba | 16.9 ± 0.67bb | 19.7 ± 0.39cb |
Aloe barbadensis leaves | 15.6 ± 0.62cb | 17.8 ± 0.36ca | 10.8 ± 0.43dc | 15.2 ± 0.68cb |
Extraction by reflux | ||||
Moringa oleifera leaves | 16.6 ± 0.33db | 21.1 ± 0.84ca | 12.2 ± 0.37cc | 17.2 ± 0.35cb |
Moringa oleifera root | 5.12 ± 0.21ebc | 8.97 ± 0.36da | 4.86 ± 0.21dc | 6.27 ± 0.26db |
Eugenia jambolana bark | 25.6 ± 0.51ba | 16.9 ± 0.33cc | 15.3 ± 0.37bcc | 19.5 ± 0.46cb |
Acacia nilotica bark | 26.2 ± 0.78bb | 32.8 ± 0.65aa | 18.2 ± 0.55bc | 20.2 ± 0.61cc |
Azadirachta indica bark | 14.2 ± 0.29dc | 17.8 ± 0.53cc | 42.4 ± 0.64aa | 31.9 ± 0.63bb |
Terminalia arjuna bark | 28.6 ± 0.46ab | 24.9 ± 0.49bb | 40.7 ± 0.86aa | 46.6 ± 083aa |
Ficus religiosa fruit | 21.3 ± 0.64cc | 29.2 ± 0.88aa | 19.5 ± 0.58bc | 22.8 ± 0.91cc |
Aloe barbadensis leaves | 17.5 ± 0.73db | 20.3 ± 0.41ca | 13.2 ± 0.52cc | 18.1 ± 0.72cb |
Effects of extracting solvent/technique on the total phenolic contents of different plant materials
Medicinal plant organs | Extraction by shaker | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Absolute methanol | Aqueous (80%) methanol | Absolute ethanol | Aqueous (80%) ethanol | |
Moringa oleifera leaves | 10.3 ± 0.41abab | 12.2 ± 0.28aa | 9.72 ± 0.21ab | 11.6 ± 0.21bab |
Moringa oleifera root | 0.22 ± 0.07db | 0.31± 0.06ea | 0.14 ± 0.01ec | 0.27 ± 0.08fab |
Eugenia jambolana bark | 10.1 ± 0.39aba | 8.30 ± 0.49bb | 8.12 ± 0.35bb | 9.03 ± 0.45cab |
Acacia nilotica bark | 12.7 ± 0.28ab | 11.2 ± 0.33abb | 11.2 ± 0.31ab | 16.5 ± 0.66aa |
Azadirachta indica bark | 11.1 ± 0.66abab | 9.34 ± 0.37abab | 8.48 ± 0.26bb | 12.0 ± 0.36ba |
Terminalia arjuna bark | 12.2 ± 0.57aa | 7.80 ± 0.39cb | 10.2 ± 0.39aab | 12.8 ± 0.26ba |
Ficus religiosa Fruit | 3.13 ± 0.19cab | 5.34 ± 0.36da | 2.67 ± 0.16db | 4.11 ± 0.18eab |
Aloe barbadensis leaves | 8.25 ± 0.28bab | 10.3 ± 0.28aba | 6.53 ± 0.38cb | 7.93 ± 0.31dab |
Extraction by reflux | ||||
Moringa oleifera leaves | 9.63 ± 0.28bab | 10.7 ± 0.31aa | 6.16 ± 0.26cb | 8.21 ± 0.36cab |
Moringa oleifera root | 0.17 ± 0.02ec | 0.27 ± 0.04ea | 0.12 ± 0.03ed | 0.23 ± 0.06fb |
Eugenia jambolana bark | 8.91 ± 0.39ca | 8.14 ± 0.33ba | 7.94 ± 0.31ba | 8.64 ± 0.27ca |
Acacia nilotica bark | 12.22 ± 0.21aab | 10.7 ± 0.24ab | 10.8 ± 0.28ab | 14.6 ± 0.29aa |
Azadirachta indica bark | 9.72 ± 0.33ba | 7.91 ± 0.39bb | 7.23 ± 0.23bb | 10.8 ± 0.38ba |
Terminalia arjuna bark | 11.63 ± 0.29aba | 6.25 ± 0.30cb | 9.67 ± 0.38aab | 11.9 ± 0.46ba |
Ficus religiosa Fruit | 2.12 ± 0.09db | 4.93 ± 0.28da | 2.26 ± 0.10db | 4.13 ± 0.21ea |
Aloe barbadensis leaves | 7.29 ± 0.27cb | 9.24 ± 0.26aba | 6.44 ± 0.29cb | 6.94 ± 0.27df |
Effects of extracting solvent/technique on the total flavonoids of different plant materials
Medicinal plant organs | Extraction by shaker | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Absolute methanol | Aqueous (80%) methanol | Absolute ethanol | Aqueous (80%) ethanol | |
Moringa oleifera leaves | 6.06 ± 0.12ab | 8.66 ± 0.21aa | 5.33 ± 0.13ab | 6.21 ± 0.11ab |
Moringa oleifera root | 1.68 ± 0.06db | 2.94 ± 0.08ca | 1.22 ± 0.04eb | 1.59 ± 0.03db |
Eugenia jambolana bark | 2.63 ± 0.04ca | 1.72 ± 0.07dab | 1.68 ± 0.06db | 2.10 ± 0.06cdab |
Acacia nilotica bark | 4.86 ± 0.09ba | 3.21 ± 0.12bcb | 3.15 ± 0.14bb | 4.93 ± 0.15ba |
Azadirachta indica bark | 2.93 ± 0.10ca | 3.31 ± 0.16bca | 2.68 ± 0.12ca | 3.14 ± 0.09ca |
Terminalia arjuna bark | 3.01 ± 0.13cab | 2.13 ± 0.13cb | 2.64 ± 0.09cab | 3.49 ± 0.11ca |
Ficus religiosa fruit | 2.16 ± 0.08cb | 3.77 ±0.10bca | 1.28 ± 0.04ec | 2.03 ± 0.06cdb |
Aloe barbadensis leaves | 2.91 ± 0.16cb | 4.28 ± 0.17ba | 1.68 ± 0.02dc | 2.96 ± 0.04cb |
Extraction by reflux | ||||
Moringa oleifera leaves | 5.90 ± 0.16ab | 7.29 ± 0.18aa | 4.19 ± 0.09ac | 5.31 ± 0.19ab |
Moringa oleifera root | 1.02 ± 0.03eb | 2.86 ± 0.13ca | 0.89 ± 0.07eb | 1.21 ± 0.07db |
Eugenia jambolana bark | 1.99 ± 0.06da | 0.83 ± 0.02ebc | 1.06 ± 0.04dec | 1.55 ± 0.05db |
Acacia nilotica bark | 3.92 ± 0.12ba | 2.52 ± 0.06cb | 3.00 ± 0.13bb | 4.19 ± 0.11ba |
Azadirachta indica bark | 2.16 ± 0.08db | 2.90 ± 0.04ca | 1.66 ± 0.06dc | 2.99 ± 0.13ca |
Terminalia arjuna bark | 1.78 ± 0.06dab | 1.52 ± 0.05db | 2.11 ± 0.11cab | 2.63 ± 0.08ca |
Ficus religiosa fruit | 1.97 ± 0.05dc | 3.56 ± 0.11bca | 1.47 ± 0.05dc | 2.86 ± 0.12cb |
Aloe barbadensis leaves | 2.90 ± 0.07cb | 4.66 ± 0.09ba | 1.39 ± 0.07dc | 2.55 ± 0.09cb |
Effects of extracting solvent/technique on the reducing power of different plant materials
Medicinal plant organs | Extraction by shaker | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Absolute methanol | Aqueous (80%) methanol | Absolute ethanol | Aqueous (80%) ethanol | |
Moringa oleifera leaves | 2.45 ± 0.05ab | 2.88 ± 0.03aa | 1.53 ± 0.04ac | 2.50 ± 0.06ab |
Moringa oleifera root | 0.09 ± 0.01eb | 0.14 ± 0.02ca | 0.09 ± 0.01cb | 0.12 ± 0.02da |
Eugenia jambolana bark | 1.06 ± 0.04dc | 1.48 ± 0.04bb | 0.98 ± 0.02bc | 1.60 ± 0.03bca |
Acacia nilotica bark | 1.68 ± 0.05cab | 1.52 ± 0.04bab | 1.45 ± 0.06ab | 1.87 ± 0.05ba |
Azadirachta indica bark | 1.55 ± 0.03cb | 1.46 ± 0.05bb | 1.05 ± 0.05bc | 1.71 ± 0.03ba |
Terminalia arjuna bark | 1.26 ± 0.02cdab | 1.66 ± 0.04ba | 1.12 ± 0.02bb | 1.34 ±0.04bcab |
Ficus religiosa Fruit | 1.06 ± 0.04db | 1.36 ± 0.07ba | 0.92 ± 0.06bb | 0.99 ± 0.07cdb |
Aloe barbadensis leaves | 2.01 ± 0.03bb | 2.81 ± 0.05aa | 1.56 ± 0.04ac | 2.16 ± 0.04ab |
Extraction by reflux | ||||
Moringa oleifera leaves | 1.25 ± 0.05bb | 1.78 ± 0.03ba | 0.94 ± 0.04bcc | 0.95 ± 0.04cc |
Moringa oleifera root | 0.06 ± 0.01db | 0.13 ± 0.02da | 0.09 ± 0.03db | 0.11 ± 0.02da |
Eugenia jambolana bark | 0.80 ± 0.04cb | 1.26 ± 0.05cda | 0.61 ± 0.05cb | 1.39 ± 0.07bca |
Acacia nilotica bark | 1.25 ± 0.06bab | 1.13 ± 0.04db | 1.05 ± 0.07bcb | 1.62 ± 0.05ba |
Azadirachta indica bark | 1.16 ± 0.03bb | 1.10 ± 0.07db | 0.79 ± 0.02cb | 1.56 ± 0.06ba |
Terminalia arjuna bark | 1.11 ± 0.05bb | 1.46 ± 0.02ca | 0.62 ± 0.03cc | 0.99 ± 0.03cb |
Ficus religiosa Fruit | 1.13 ± 0.02bb | 1.22 ± 0.05cda | 1.26 ± 0.06ba | 1.32 ± 0.02bca |
Aloe barbadensis leaves | 2.18 ± 0.04ab | 2.96 ± 0.08aa | 1.72 ± 0.04ac | 1.88 ± 0.04ac |
Effects of extracting solvent/technique on the DPPH. Scavenging activity (% DPPH. remaining) of different plant materials
Medicinal plant organs | Extraction by shaker | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Absolute methanol | Aqueous (80%) methanol | Absolute ethanol | Aqueous (80%) ethanol | |
Moringa oleifera leaves | 82.8 ± 1.7aa | 86.3 ± 1.8aa | 70.9 ± 2.2bb | 85.2 ± 1.7aa |
Moringa oleifera root | 51.4 ± 2.2cdb | 62.9 ± 1.6ba | 56.6 ± 1.2cdab | 61.8 ± 2.3ca |
Eugenia jambolana bark | 48.8 ± 1.4db | 52.7 ± 1.3bca | 50.4 ± 1.1dab | 53.9 ± 1.9da |
Acacia nilotica bark | 56.3 ± 1.6cb | 60.9 ± 1.4bb | 82.5 ± 1.7aa | 86.6 ± 1.5aa |
Azadirachta indica bark | 53.2 ± 1.5cdb | 57.4 ± 1.3bab | 57.3 ± 1.4cdab | 60.8 ± 1.8ca |
Terminalia arjuna bark | 37.7 ± 1.3ec | 48.5 ± 1.5cb | 62.9 ± 1.5ca | 67.4 ± 1.4ba |
Ficus religiosa fruit | 57.2 ± 1.7cb | 63.4 ± 1.1ba | 55.3 ± 1.3cdb | 60.1 ± 1.9ca |
Aloe barbadensis leaves | 73.7 ± 1.3bb | 80.1 ± 2.3aa | 67.2 ± 1.9bc | 70.7 ± 1.2bb |
Extraction by reflux | ||||
Moringa oleifera leaves | 81.6 ± 1.9aa | 79.4 ± 1.6ab | 69.2 ± 1.3bc | 80.6 ± 1.8aa |
Moringa oleifera root | 53.9 ± 1.5cb | 64.8 ± 1.2ba | 58.8 ± 1.6cab | 62.7 ± 1.9ca |
Eugenia jambolana bark | 48.1 ± 1.7cb | 51.4 ± 1.4ca | 49.2 ± 1.2dab | 52.7 ± 1.5da |
Acacia nilotica bark | 55.8 ± 1.3cc | 60.7 ± 1.6bb | 81.9 ± 1.7aa | 81.1 ± 1.8aa |
Azadirachta indica bark | 51.6 ± 1.2cb | 54.4 ± 1.4cab | 57.7 ± 1.3ca | 58.4 ± 1.7ca |
Terminalia arjuna bark | 37.2 ± 1.1dc | 47.3 ± 1.3cb | 61.6 ± 1.3ca | 65.9 ± 1.4ca |
Ficus religiosa fruit | 55.9 ± 1.4cb | 62.9 ± 1.7ba | 56.2 ± 1.4cb | 63.8 ± 1.6ca |
Aloe barbadensis leaves | 72.9 ± 1.5bab | 77.6 ± 1.9aa | 68.0 ± 1.3bb | 71.9 ± 1.2bab |
Effects of extracting solvent/technique on the percent inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation of different plant materials
Medicinal plant organs | Extraction by shaker | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Absolute methanol | Aqueous (80%) methanol | Absolute ethanol | Aqueous (80%) ethanol | |
Moringa oleifera leaves | 79.9 ± 2.4bab | 86.2 ±2.6aa | 73.3 ± 1.5bb | 82.9 ± 1.6ba |
Moringa oleifera root | 47.6 ± 1.9eb | 66.7 ±2.4da | 45.3 ± 1.8eb | 65.2 ± 1.3ca |
Eugenia jambolana bark | 85.2 ± 2.6aab | 80.4 ± 1.6bb | 90.6 ± 2.7aa | 90.2 ± 1.8aa |
Acacia nilotica bark | 85.2 ± 1.8aa | 78.2 ± 2.3bb | 86.2 ± 1.6aa | 69.2 ± 2.7cc |
Azadirachta indica bark | 65.0 ± 2.6cb | 71.4 ± 2.8ca | 47.8 ± 1.8ed | 55.1 ± 1.6dc |
Terminalia arjuna bark | 31.1 ± 1.2fc | 44.4 ±1.7ec | 61.8 ± 2.4cb | 66.0 ± 2.6ca |
Ficus religiosa fruit | 59.2 ± 1.7db | 67.4 ±2.1da | 54.9 ± 2.1ddc | 60.8 ± 2.4db |
Aloe barbadensis leaves | 66.2 ± 1.3ca | 68.3 ±1.4da | 63.7 ± 1.9cb | 65.9 ± 1.9cab |
Extraction by reflux | ||||
Moringa oleifera leaves | 68.2 ± 2.0bb | 82.6 ± 1.6aa | 68.7 ± 2.0bb | 80.5 ± 1.7ba |
Moringa oleifera root | 40.8 ± 1.6db | 64.8 ± 2.5ca | 43.2 ± 1.7db | 63.6 ± 1.9cda |
Eugenia jambolana bark | 83.3 ± 2.4aa | 78.1 ± 2.3ab | 88.9 ± 2.6aa | 87.1 ± 1.8aa |
Acacia nilotica bark | 84.1 ± 1.5aa | 72.1 ± 1.4bb | 85.3 ± 2.5ba | 66.3 ± 1.6cc |
Azadirachta indica bark | 63.2 ± 1.2bb | 69.1 ± 2.0bca | 44.3 ± 1.7dd | 50.8 ± 2.0ec |
Terminalia arjuna bark | 59.4 ± 1.7ca | 36.2 ± 1.4db | 61.4 ± 1.2ba | 63.2 ± 2.5cda |
Ficus religiosa fruit | 59.6 ± 2.3cb | 67.1 ± 2.0bca | 55.2 ± 1.6cc | 61.9 ± 2.4db |
Aloe barbadensis leaves | 64.3 ± 1.9bb | 67.9 ± 1.3bca | 66.2 ± 1.3ba | 67.3 ± 2.1ca |
Conclusions
Experimental
Plant material
Chemicals and reagents
Extraction of phenolic antioxidants
Evaluation of antioxidant activity of plant materials/extracts
Statistical analysis
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© 2009 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
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Sultana, B.; Anwar, F.; Ashraf, M. Effect of Extraction Solvent/Technique on the Antioxidant Activity of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts. Molecules 2009, 14, 2167-2180. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules14062167
Sultana B, Anwar F, Ashraf M. Effect of Extraction Solvent/Technique on the Antioxidant Activity of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts. Molecules. 2009; 14(6):2167-2180. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules14062167
Chicago/Turabian StyleSultana, Bushra, Farooq Anwar, and Muhammad Ashraf. 2009. "Effect of Extraction Solvent/Technique on the Antioxidant Activity of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts" Molecules 14, no. 6: 2167-2180. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules14062167
APA StyleSultana, B., Anwar, F., & Ashraf, M. (2009). Effect of Extraction Solvent/Technique on the Antioxidant Activity of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts. Molecules, 14(6), 2167-2180. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules14062167