Effect of Ionic Liquid on the Determination of Aromatic Amines as Contaminants in Hair Dyes by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Electrochemical Detection
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Cyclic Voltammetric Investigations
Amine compounds | LiCl | BMIm[NTf2] | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ea 1 (V) | Ea 2 (V) | IpaI (µA) | IpaII (µA) | Ea 1 (V) | Ea 2 (V) | IpaI (µA) | IpcII (µA) | |
2,4-Diaminotoluidine | +0.56 | -- | 15.6 | -- | -- | 0.90 | -- | -- |
2-Chloro-4-nitroaniline | +0.73 | -- | 12.8 | -- | +0.68 | -- | 18.6 | -- |
2-Methoxy-5-methylaniline | +0.70 | +0.89 | 10.3 | 8.9 | -- | 0.91 | -- | -- |
2-Naphthylamine | +0.80 | -- | 14.5 | -- | +0.70 | -- | 16.5 | -- |
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine | +0.53 | +0.86 | 11.4 | 12.3 | +0.46 | +0.90 | 12.3 | 10.4 |
4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane | +0.81 | - | 13.5 | -- | +0.68 | -- | 16.8 | -- |
4,4'-Methylene-bis-chloroaniline | +0.57 | - | 9.3 | -- | +0.85 | -- | -- | |
4,4'-Oxydianiline | +0.35 | +0.69 | 6.7 | 6.2 | +0.55 | +0.50 | 6.2 | 6.8 |
4-Aminobiphenyl | +0.78 | -- | 9.8 | -- | +0.78 | -- | 9.1 | -- |
4-Chloroaniline | +0.43 | -- | 8.6 | +0.71 | -- | 12.8 | -- | |
Aniline | +0.91 | -- | 9.6 | -- | +0.45 | 0.95 | 10.3 | 14.4 |
Benzidine | +0.54 | +0.82 | 10.3 | 13.2 | +0.92 | -- | 12.4 | |
o-Anisidine | +0.75 | -- | 9.1 | -- | +0.75 | -- | 10.2 | -- |
o-Dianisidine | +0.49 | +0.62 | 14.4 | 14.8 | +0.93 | -- | 15.2 | -- |
o-Toluidine | +0.86 | -- | 12.8 | -- | +0.72 | -- | 14.2 | -- |
2.2. HPLC/ED Optimizations
2.2.1. Optimization of Mobile Phases
2.2.2. Separation of Aromatic Amines After Addition of BMIm[NTf2] in the Mobile Phase
2.2.3. Analytical Curves
Amines | A ** | B *** | N | R | SD | L.O.D. | L.O.Q. | As | Np | Rec. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||
2,4-Diaminotoluidine | 4350.89 | 2035.16 | 5 | 0.998 | 686.0 | 0.110 | 0.337 | 0.85 | 0.92 | 31211.1 | 9421.9 | 100 |
4,4'-Oxydianiline | 16596.20 | 2424.22 | 6 | 0.993 | 795.6 | 0.108 | 0.328 | -- | 0.90 | 6491.8 | 5842.1 | 98 |
Benzidine | 24.50 | 70.04 | 6 | 0.997 | 26.13 | 0.123 | 0.374 | 0.84 | 0.96 | 24214.4 | 22548.7 | 97 |
Aniline | 5286.40 | 1105.63 | 6 | 0.996 | 664.8 | 0.098 | 0.600 | 0.78 | 1.02 | 42642.3 | 26437.0 | 99 |
o-Dianisidine | 7178.19 | 1813.43 | 6 | 0.997 | 597.8 | 0.303 | 0.113 | 0.80 | 0.94 | 190096.0 | 31604.9 | 100 |
o-Anisidine | −8505.88 | 2230.6 | 6 | 0.998 | 680.3 | 0.103 | 0.303 | 0.77 | 0.96 | 89301.4 | 56808.3 | 103 |
o-Toluidine | 26373.5 | 2049.62 | 6 | 0.997 | 651.4 | 0.091 | 0.276 | 0.82 | 0.95 | 95378.0 | 66528.4 | 100 |
2-Naphthylamine | 48572.45 | 4245.71 | 6 | 0.999 | 128.7 | 0.101 | 0.305 | 0.78 | 0.98 | 127925.4 | 45033.3 | 103 |
4,4'-Methylene-bis-2-chloroaniline | 4549.79 | 1818.46 | 6 | 0.998 | 695.8 | 0.126 | 0.382 | 0.81 | 0.97 | 28985.1 | 156528.1 | 100 |
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl-methane | 181.89 | 50.69 | 9 | 0.999 | 21.2 | 0.117 | 0.416 | 0.79 | 0.96 | 11844.7 | 1972.8 | 99 |
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine | −753.02 | 250.09 | 9 | 0.997 | 162.5 | 0.021 | 0.638 | 0.78 | 0.99 | 22901.8 | 4956.2 | 95 |
2-Methoxy-5-methyl-aniline | 317.02 | 81.64 | 9 | 0.999 | 88.5 | 0.036 | 1.078 | 0.78 | 0.95 | 20544.4 | 6833.8 | 100 |
4-Chloroaniline | −108.03 | 72.00 | 9 | 0.997 | 26.6 | 0.120 | 0.368 | 0.76 | 0.98 | 39151.2 | 7932.9 | 105 |
2-Chloro-4-nitroaniline | −342.46 | 196.29 | 9 | 0.999 | 82.8 | 0.163 | 0.495 | -- | 0.96 | 6491.8 | 9216.7 | 98 |
4-Aminobiphenyl | 433.67 | 166.55 | 9 | 0.999 | 82.9 | 0.162 | 0.497 | 0.79 | 0.98 | 42642.2 | 52399.4 | 97 |
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine | −339.63 | 464.56 | 9 | 0.999 | 120.6 | 0.246 | 2.021 | 0.81 | 0.96 | 51680.4 | 34110.3 | 96 |
2.3. Evaluation of Aromatic Amines in Commercial Dyeing Sample
3. Experimental
3.1. Reagents
3.2. Instrumentation
3.2.1. Voltammetric Analysis
3.2.2. HPLC Analysis
3.2.3. Analysis of Dyes in the Commercial Sample
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
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Lizier, T.M.; Boldrin Zanoni, M.V. Effect of Ionic Liquid on the Determination of Aromatic Amines as Contaminants in Hair Dyes by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Electrochemical Detection. Molecules 2012, 17, 7961-7979. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17077961
Lizier TM, Boldrin Zanoni MV. Effect of Ionic Liquid on the Determination of Aromatic Amines as Contaminants in Hair Dyes by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Electrochemical Detection. Molecules. 2012; 17(7):7961-7979. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17077961
Chicago/Turabian StyleLizier, Thiago Mescoloto, and Maria Valnice Boldrin Zanoni. 2012. "Effect of Ionic Liquid on the Determination of Aromatic Amines as Contaminants in Hair Dyes by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Electrochemical Detection" Molecules 17, no. 7: 7961-7979. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17077961