Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Cardiac Troponin I for Point-of-Care Tests Based on Red Fluorescent Microspheres
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. One-Step Synthesis of Microspheres and Dye-Doped Procedure
2.2. Characterization of Microspheres
2.3. Conditions Optimization and Immunoassay Procedures
2.4. Performance Analysis of Immunoassay
2.5. Clinical Test of cTnI with Plasma Samples
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Reagents
3.2. One-Step Soap Free Emulsion Polymerization Procedure
3.3. Preparation of Fluorescent Nanoparticles via Swelling
3.4. Preparation of Bioconjuated Microspheres
3.5. Fabrication of the Lateral Flow Test Strip
3.6. Characterization
3.7. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are available from the authors. |
Method | LOD | Stability | Time |
---|---|---|---|
Cationic isotachophoresis [36] | 46 ng/mL | - | ~10 min |
Wavelength modulation SPR biosensor [10] | 37.5 ng/mL | - | ~70 min |
Fluorogenic noncompetitive immunoassay [37] | 6.7 ng/mL | - | ~19 min |
Capillary tube indicators [38] | 0.1 ng/mL | - | ~20 min |
Electrochemical immunosensor [39] | 0.05 ng/mL | 30 days | ~15 min |
Red florescent microspheres immunoassay (This work) | 0.016 ng/mL | 90 days | ~15 min |
Pt NPs modified hybrid film immunosensor [40] | 1 pg/mL | 1 month | ~20 min |
Method | LOQ (ng/mL) | |
---|---|---|
CV < 10% | CV < 20% | |
Immunoassay sandwich fluorescence ( bioMerieux VIDAS) [41] | 0.11 | - |
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-STAT) [41] | 0.10 | 0.07 |
Microfluidic immunochip assay [42] | - | 0.042 |
Homogeneous sandwich immunoassay [43] | - | 0.038 |
Red florescent microspheres immunoassay (This work) | 0.087 | 0.032 |
cTnI (ng/mL) | Intra-Assay Precision (n = 10) | Inter-Assay Precision (n = 9) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD (ng/mL) | CV (%) | Mean ± SD (ng/mL) | CV (%) | |
2.40 | 2.32 ± 0.09 | 3.86 | 2.54 ± 0.12 | 4.69 |
19.83 | 19.28 ± 0.51 | 2.67 | 20.40 ± 0.87 | 4.26 |
40.42 | 41.58 ± 2.57 | 6.18 | 39.47 ± 2.80 | 7.10 |
Interfering Substance | cTnI (1.3 ng/mL) | cTnI (2.85 ng/mL) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Value | RD (%) | Value | RD (%) | |
Control | 1.31 ± 0.01 | 0.77 | 2.93 ± 0.08 | 2.81 |
Bilirubin (2 ng/mL) | 1.24 ± 0.02 | −4.62 | 2.69 ± 0.09 | −5.61 |
Cholesterol (15 ng/mL) | 1.31 ± 0.04 | 0.77 | 2.64 ± 0.01 | −7.37 |
Sodium aside (6 ng/mL) | 1.27 ± 0.01 | −2.31 | 2.76 ± 0.05 | −3.16 |
Hemoglobin (10 ng/mL) | 1.23 ± 0.05 | −5.38 | 2.75 ± 0.07 | −3.51 |
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Cai, Y.; Kang, K.; Li, Q.; Wang, Y.; He, X. Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Cardiac Troponin I for Point-of-Care Tests Based on Red Fluorescent Microspheres. Molecules 2018, 23, 1102. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23051102
Cai Y, Kang K, Li Q, Wang Y, He X. Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Cardiac Troponin I for Point-of-Care Tests Based on Red Fluorescent Microspheres. Molecules. 2018; 23(5):1102. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23051102
Chicago/Turabian StyleCai, Yanxue, Keren Kang, Qianru Li, Yu Wang, and Xiaowei He. 2018. "Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Cardiac Troponin I for Point-of-Care Tests Based on Red Fluorescent Microspheres" Molecules 23, no. 5: 1102. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23051102