Analysis of Flavonoids in Dalbergia odorifera by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Method Development
2.2. Optimization of the Extraction Conditions
2.3. Method Validation
2.3.1. Specificity
2.3.2. Linear range, LOD, and LOQ
2.3.3. Precision, Repeatability, and Stability
2.3.4. Accuracy
2.4. Method Application
2.5. Fragmentation Pathways Analysis
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Solvents and Chemicals
3.2. UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS
3.3. UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS
3.4. Sample Preparation
3.5. Standard Solution Preparation
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are not available from the authors. |
No. | Compounds | Ion Mode | RT (min) | Precursor Ion | Cone Voltage (V) | Product ion 1 Q | Collision Energy (eV) | Product Ion 2 I | Collision Energy (eV) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 3′-Hydroxydaidein | ESI- | 4.97 | 269 | 52 | 213 | 28 | 241 | 24 |
2 | Butein | ESI- | 5.12 | 271 | 35 | 135 | 20 | 253 | 17 |
3 | Daidzein | ESI- | 5.95 | 253 | 51 | 208 | 31 | 224 | 26 |
4 | Liquiritigenin | ESI- | 6.23 | 255 | 40 | 135 | 15 | 119 | 22 |
5 | Eriodictyol | ESI- | 6.24 | 287 | 38 | 151 | 17 | 135 | 24 |
6 | Butin | ESI- | 7.59 | 271 | 39 | 135 | 31 | 91 | 37 |
7 | Naringenin | ESI- | 7.94 | 271 | 40 | 151 | 20 | 119 | 24 |
8 | Genistein | ESI- | 8.04 | 269. | 48 | 133 | 32 | 181 | 28 |
9 | Tectorigenin | ESI- | 8.30 | 2989 | 40 | 284 | 19 | 240 | 22 |
10 | Alpinetin | ESI- | 8.65 | 269 | 44 | 165 | 20 | 227 | 21 |
11 | Isoliquiritigenin | ESI- | 9.62 | 255 | 35 | 135 | 15 | 119 | 23 |
12 | Formononetin | ESI- | 10.08 | 267 | 45 | 252 | 22 | 223 | 25 |
13 | Dalbergin | ESI- | 10.09 | 267 | 38 | 180 | 27 | 252 | 18 |
14 | 3′-O-methylviolanone | ESI- | 10.62 | 329 | 46 | 135 | 38 | 299 | 36 |
15 | Sativanone | ESI- | 11.10 | 299 | 46 | 135 | 37 | 269 | 32 |
16 | Pinocembrin | ESI- | 12.47 | 255 | 42 | 107 | 25 | 171 | 25 |
17 | Prunetin | ESI- | 12.97 | 283 | 45 | 268 | 21 | 239 | 26 |
18 | Rutin (IS) | ESI- | 4.05 | 609 | 62 | 300 | 52 | 271 | 50 |
No. | Compounds | Calibration Curves | r2 | Linear Range (ng/mL) | LOQ (ng/mL) | LOD (ng/mL) | Precision (RSD, %) | Repeatability | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intra-Day | Inter-Day | (RSD, %, n = 6) | |||||||
1 | 3′-Hydroxydaidein | Y = 0.934X − 0.0436 | 0.9991 | 5.40–1350 | 5.400 | 1.600 | 2.43 | 3.23 | 3.45 |
2 | Butein | Y = 0.1675X − 0.198 | 0.9993 | 1.41–2820 | 1.410 | 0.470 | 2.49 | 4.85 | 4.53 |
3 | Daidzein | Y = 0.9697X − 0.061 | 0.9989 | 3.02–1510 | 3.020 | 1.000 | 1.74 | 3.01 | 2.98 |
4 | Liquiritigenin | Y = 0.1813X + 0.0075 | 0.9999 | 1.61–3220 | 1.610 | 0.500 | 1.25 | 2.26 | 3.18 |
5 | Eriodictyol | Y = 0.1802X − 0.0166 | 0.9997 | 1.36–1360 | 1.360 | 0.453 | 2.38 | 2.45 | 2.06 |
6 | Butin | Y = 0.1163X − 0.0568 | 0.9986 | 1.51–3020 | 1.510 | 0.458 | 1.85 | 3.54 | 2.77 |
7 | Naringenin | Y = 0.2291X − 0.0722 | 0.9989 | 2.72–1360 | 2.720 | 0.906 | 2.07 | 4.61 | 4.06 |
8 | Genistein | Y = 0.8139X − 0.2152 | 0.9988 | 3.82–1910 | 3.820 | 1.528 | 0.76 | 3.33 | 2.54 |
9 | Tectorigenin | Y = 0.203X − 0.2161 | 0.9987 | 2.44–1220 | 2.440 | 0.813 | 1.96 | 2.40 | 1.95 |
10 | Alpinetin | Y = 0.5127X − 0.0544 | 0.9996 | 5.36–1340 | 5.360 | 1.790 | 2.85 | 4.94 | 4.76 |
11 | Isoliquiritigenin | Y = 0.1308X + 0.0284 | 0.9996 | 1.416–1770 | 1.416 | 0.480 | 0.45 | 3.02 | 3.67 |
12 | Formononetin | Y = 0.0516X − 0.0608 | 0.9993 | 0.516–1290 | 0.516 | 0.172 | 1.78 | 1.90 | 3.32 |
13 | Dalbergin | Y = 0.2867X − 0.0665 | 0.9991 | 0.256–1280 | 0.256 | 0.085 | 3.51 | 4.85 | 4.61 |
14 | 3′-O-methylviolanone | Y = 0.6244X + 0.0119 | 0.9989 | 9.90–2970 | 9.900 | 3.300 | 2.08 | 4.49 | 2.87 |
15 | Sativanone | Y = 0.675X − 0.1047 | 0.9991 | 18.84–5652 | 18.840 | 6.080 | 1.24 | 1.26 | 4.73 |
16 | Pinocembrin | Y = 0.3485X − 0.0569 | 0.9992 | 2.66–1330 | 2.660 | 0.870 | 1.04 | 1.94 | 3.82 |
17 | Prunetin | Y = 0.0489X − 0.0657 | 0.9989 | 1.12–2240 | 1.120 | 0.374 | 1.91 | 3.34 | 3.61 |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S1 | 0.1004 | 0.0769 | 0.0546 | 0.7228 | <LOQ | 1.7084 | 0.3902 | 0.0396 | 0.9048 | ND | 0.2994 | 1.1047 | 0.0255 | 0.6973 | 5.8806 | 0.1901 | 0.1207 |
S2 | 0.1052 | 0.3714 | 0.0422 | 0.8499 | 0.0424 | 0.2862 | 0.3362 | 0.0302 | 0.7439 | ND | 0.4019 | 1.0490 | 0.0452 | 1.4732 | 6.5233 | 0.2467 | 0.1119 |
S3 | 0.0232 | 0.4628 | <LOQ | 0.6125 | 0.3140 | 0.2346 | 0.6570 | 0.0379 | 0.2066 | 0.0436 | 0.2881 | 0.2712 | 0.1724 | 1.8881 | 8.7726 | 0.8209 | 0.1794 |
S4 | 0.1340 | 0.0865 | 0.1102 | 1.0619 | <LOQ | 0.0400 | 0.3603 | 0.0828 | 0.8650 | 0.0860 | 0.5860 | 1.2523 | 0.0171 | 0.8051 | 9.5705 | 0.2324 | 0.1228 |
S5 | <LOQ | 0.4860 | <LOQ | 0.1908 | 0.5322 | 0.2570 | 0.8737 | 0.0234 | 0.1184 | 0.0141 | 0.1192 | 0.0667 | 0.0302 | 7.5830 | 18.2890 | 0.2874 | 0.0806 |
S6 | 0.0281 | 0.9359 | <LOQ | 0.3571 | 0.5365 | 0.5594 | 0.5046 | 0.0226 | 0.1325 | 0.0241 | 0.1852 | 0.3650 | 0.0164 | 3.8599 | 24.1200 | 0.3118 | 0.1195 |
S7 | <LOQ | 0.4820 | <LOQ | 0.2767 | 0.0364 | 0.2680 | 0.1307 | 0.0068 | 0.0751 | 0.0310 | 0.1744 | 0.1930 | 0.0701 | 1.0216 | 7.2718 | 0.0500 | 0.0147 |
S8 | 0.0366 | 0.7531 | <LOQ | 0.5434 | 0.0658 | 0.5064 | 0.2038 | 0.0251 | 0.1711 | 0.0665 | 0.3136 | 0.3630 | 0.1084 | 1.4806 | 7.3738 | 0.1676 | 0.0381 |
S9 | 0.0888 | 0.9047 | 0.0442 | 0.8766 | 0.5470 | 0.5149 | 1.1659 | 0.0688 | 0.2205 | 0.0258 | 0.4645 | 0.7756 | 0.4961 | 2.8056 | 12.6911 | 1.3608 | 0.3284 |
S10 | 0.0423 | 0.8399 | <LOQ | 0.5717 | 0.4619 | 0.5250 | 0.7914 | 0.0393 | 0.3628 | 0.0239 | 0.3086 | 0.6162 | 0.3954 | 3.5777 | 14.6963 | 1.1722 | 0.2915 |
S11 | 0.0961 | 0.9512 | 0.0380 | 1.0640 | 0.0907 | 0.6402 | 0.2374 | 0.0079 | 0.2600 | 0.0130 | 0.5423 | 0.7814 | 0.4026 | 1.6566 | 6.7257 | 0.4049 | 0.0701 |
S12 | 0.0375 | 0.6593 | <LOQ | 1.0338 | 0.7855 | 0.4597 | 1.5180 | 0.0820 | 0.4318 | 0.0226 | 0.6463 | 0.4233 | 0.0024 | 3.3384 | 15.1491 | 1.2503 | 0.4409 |
S13 | 0.0431 | 1.0001 | <LOQ | 0.8340 | 1.1740 | 0.6573 | 2.4237 | 0.1641 | 0.2210 | 0.0375 | 0.4746 | 0.6412 | 0.1302 | 4.5177 | 23.7313 | 2.1126 | 0.5725 |
S14 | 0.0625 | 1.9857 | <LOQ | 1.8790 | 0.0830 | 1.6506 | 0.1734 | ND | 0.2656 | 0.0111 | 1.3703 | 1.1935 | 0.4145 | 1.0923 | 8.3085 | 0.1969 | 0.0464 |
S15 | 0.0621 | 0.9035 | <LOQ | 0.5811 | 0.2317 | 0.4897 | 0.7012 | 0.0414 | 0.2702 | 0.0211 | 0.3043 | 0.6900 | 0.1995 | 2.5788 | 15.1260 | 0.5150 | 0.2174 |
S16 | 0.0536 | 0.5246 | 0.0399 | 0.4060 | 0.0321 | 0.2395 | 0.1328 | 0.0161 | 0.1031 | 0.0131 | 0.2361 | 0.3781 | 0.1192 | 0.8817 | 6.6720 | 0.1057 | 0.0315 |
S17 | <LOQ | 0.2551 | 0.0544 | 0.6073 | <LOQ | 0.1680 | 0.3325 | 0.0300 | 0.1935 | 0.0161 | 0.3011 | 0.4070 | 0.0034 | 1.5828 | 21.6877 | 0.3601 | 0.0606 |
S18 | ND | 0.1246 | ND | 0.1123 | 0.0243 | 0.0460 | 0.1787 | 0.0053 | 0.0580 | 0.0869 | 0.0719 | 0.0731 | 0.0252 | 1.1494 | 8.3910 | 0.1419 | 0.0325 |
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Zhao, X.; Zhang, S.; Liu, D.; Yang, M.; Wei, J. Analysis of Flavonoids in Dalbergia odorifera by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2020, 25, 389. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020389
Zhao X, Zhang S, Liu D, Yang M, Wei J. Analysis of Flavonoids in Dalbergia odorifera by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Molecules. 2020; 25(2):389. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020389
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhao, Xiangsheng, Shihui Zhang, Dan Liu, Meihua Yang, and Jianhe Wei. 2020. "Analysis of Flavonoids in Dalbergia odorifera by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry" Molecules 25, no. 2: 389. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020389