Callose Deposition Is Required for Somatic Embryogenesis in Plasmolyzed Eleutherococcus senticosus Zygotic Embryos
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Callose Content in Zygotic Embryos Plasmolyzed with Mannitol
2.2. Callose Content in Plasmolyzed Zygotic Embryos during SE
2.3. DDG-Inhibition of Callose Deposition in Zygotic Embryos
2.4. SE and Callose Deposition after DDG Treatment
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Callose Deposition in Zygotic Embryos after Plasmolysis and during SE
3.2. Induction of SE in Plasmolyzed Explants and Inhibition of Callose Deposition
3.3. Culture of Embryogenic and Non-Embryogenic Calli
3.4. Spectrofluorometric Assay of Callose Content
3.5. Localization of Callose by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy
3.6. Condition of Tissue Culture and Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
SE | somatic embryogenesis |
2,4-D | 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid |
BA | 6-benzylaminopurine |
CLSM | confocal laser scanning microscopy |
DDG | 2-deoxy-d-glucose |
NAA | naphthylacetic acid |
PGR | plant growth regulator |
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Plasmolysis time (h) | Callose concentration (μg/g.fw) |
---|---|
Control | 6.2 d ± 1.42 |
3.0 | 17.3 c ± 2.21 |
6.0 | 22.2 b ± 3.33 |
12.0 | 30.5 a ± 3.54 |
24.0 | 31.3 a ± 2.55 |
DDG concentration (μM) | Callose concentration (μg/g.fw) |
---|---|
Untreated | 7.1 a ± 1.32 |
control | 31.3 e ± 2.13 |
50 | 19.5 c ± 1.51 |
100 | 20.3 cd ± 1.22 |
200 | 20.6 d ± 1.85 |
500 | 16.1 b ± 1.05 |
1000 | 15.5 b ± 1.62 |
2000 | 15.8 b ± 1.44 |
© 2012 by the authors; licensee Molecular Diversity Preservation International, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
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Tao, L.; Yang, Y.; Wang, Q.; You, X. Callose Deposition Is Required for Somatic Embryogenesis in Plasmolyzed Eleutherococcus senticosus Zygotic Embryos. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 14115-14126. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131114115
Tao L, Yang Y, Wang Q, You X. Callose Deposition Is Required for Somatic Embryogenesis in Plasmolyzed Eleutherococcus senticosus Zygotic Embryos. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2012; 13(11):14115-14126. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131114115
Chicago/Turabian StyleTao, Lei, Yang Yang, Qiuyu Wang, and Xiangling You. 2012. "Callose Deposition Is Required for Somatic Embryogenesis in Plasmolyzed Eleutherococcus senticosus Zygotic Embryos" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13, no. 11: 14115-14126. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms131114115