Red Light Irradiation In Vivo Upregulates DJ-1 in the Retinal Ganglion Cell Layer and Protects against Axotomy-Related Dendritic Pruning
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Aged Opa1 RGCs Exhibit Significant Degeneration in Comparison with RGCs in Age-Matched Wild-Type Retinas
2.2. 670 nm PBM Inhibited the Axotomy-Induced Dendropathy in Aged WT RGCs
2.3. PBM Did Not Inhibit Axotomy-Induced Dendropathy in the ON-Centre RGC Subpopulation
2.4. IHC Analysis of Molecular Mechanisms
2.4.1. Aged Opa1+/− Mice Display Enhanced Nitrosative Stress in the GCL
2.4.2. Neither Light Treatment nor the Opa1+/− Mutation Affected Nrf2 Expression or Activation in the GCL
2.4.3. Aged Opa1+/− Retinae Exhibited Reduced NF-kB Activation in the GCL, which was Upregulated by 670 nm Light Treatment
2.4.4. 670 nm Light Treatment Upregulated DJ-1 Expression in the IPL
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals
4.2. 670 nm Light Treatment
4.3. Preparation of Eyes for Analysis
4.4. DiOlistic Labeling and Analysis of RGCs
4.5. Immunohistochemistry
4.6. Imaging and Fluorescence Quantification
4.7. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Beirne, K.; Freeman, T.J.; Rozanowska, M.; Votruba, M. Red Light Irradiation In Vivo Upregulates DJ-1 in the Retinal Ganglion Cell Layer and Protects against Axotomy-Related Dendritic Pruning. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 8380. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168380
Beirne K, Freeman TJ, Rozanowska M, Votruba M. Red Light Irradiation In Vivo Upregulates DJ-1 in the Retinal Ganglion Cell Layer and Protects against Axotomy-Related Dendritic Pruning. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(16):8380. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168380
Chicago/Turabian StyleBeirne, Kathy, Thomas J. Freeman, Malgorzata Rozanowska, and Marcela Votruba. 2021. "Red Light Irradiation In Vivo Upregulates DJ-1 in the Retinal Ganglion Cell Layer and Protects against Axotomy-Related Dendritic Pruning" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 16: 8380. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168380