Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio: An Emerging Marker of the Relationships between the Immune System and Diseases
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. NLR and the Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Disease
2.1. Sespis
2.2. Pneumonia
COVID-19 Pneumonia
2.3. Cardiovascular Disease
2.4. Cancer
2.5. Surgery
3. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Major NLR Confounders |
---|
Age |
Obesity |
Exogenous steroid intake |
Endogenous sexual hormone |
Active hematological disorder |
HIV |
Acute myocardial infarction |
Stroke |
Pulmonary embolism |
Type 2 diabetes |
Cancer |
Acute trauma |
Emotional stress |
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Buonacera, A.; Stancanelli, B.; Colaci, M.; Malatino, L. Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio: An Emerging Marker of the Relationships between the Immune System and Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 3636. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073636
Buonacera A, Stancanelli B, Colaci M, Malatino L. Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio: An Emerging Marker of the Relationships between the Immune System and Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(7):3636. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073636
Chicago/Turabian StyleBuonacera, Agata, Benedetta Stancanelli, Michele Colaci, and Lorenzo Malatino. 2022. "Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio: An Emerging Marker of the Relationships between the Immune System and Diseases" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 7: 3636. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073636