Assessing the Potential of HPV16 E6 Seroprevalence as a Biomarker for Anal Dysplasia and Cancer Screening—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Search Strategy and Literature Selection
2.2. Data Extraction
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Literature Selection and Study Characteristics
3.2. Meta-Analysis of HPV16 E6 Seropositivity in HSIL+ Patients and Publication Bias
3.3. Variability in HPV16 E6 Seroprevalence Studies among Patients with HSIL+
3.4. Diagnostic Performance of HPV16 E6 Seroprevalence
3.5. Limitations and Future Potentials of HPV16 E6 Seropositivity as a Biomarker for Anal Cancer Risk Stratification and Screening
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Authors (Year) | Cohort | Age Range (y.o.) | Location | Gender | HIV Status | Sample Size a (Cases/Controls) | Endpoint | Serologic Assay | Time of Serum Collection | HPV16 E6 Seroprevalence (Cases/Controls) | Effect Measured | OR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bertisch (2013) [27] | Swiss HIV Cohort Study | ≥25 | Switzerland | Men (predominant) and women | HIV- positive | 155 (41/114) | AC | Multiplex serology assay | At AC diagnosis | 21.95/0 | Adjusted OR (95%) b | Inf. e |
Kreimer (2015) [30] | EPIC | ≤40–>70 | Europe | Men and women (predominant) | n.s. | 743 (24/719) | AC | Multiplex serology assay | Before AC diagnosis | 29.16/ 0.28 | Adjusted OR (95%) c | 75.90 (17.92, 321.41) |
Combes (2017) [26] | Swiss HIV Cohort Study | 19.6–73.40 (mean age range) | Switzerland | Men (MSM) | HIV-positive | 281 (3/278) | AC | Multiplex serology assay | Before AC diagnosis | 33.33/ 1.08 | Unadjusted OR (95%) | 45.83 (3.22, 652.16) |
Combes (2020) [32] | Swiss HIV Cohort Study | >25 | Switzerland | MSM (predominant), non-MSM and women | HIV-positive | 10,384 (76/10,308) | AC | Multiplex serology assay | Before AC diagnosis | 5.26/ 1.07 | Unadjusted OR (95%) | 5.15 (1.85, 14.34) |
Karita (2020) [31] | Cancer Surveillance System | 18–78 | Washington (USA) | Men and women (predominant) | n.s. | 946 (116/830) | AC | Multiplex serology assay | After AC diagnosis | 29.31/ 0.73 | Adjusted OR (95%) d | 32.50 (14.20, 74.39) |
Poynten (2018) [33] | SPANC | 35–79 | Sydney (Australia) | Men (GBM) | HIV-positive and HIV-negative | 568 (263/305) | HSIL | Multiplex serology assay | n.s. | 3.80/ 1.31 | Unadjusted OR (95%) | 2.97 (0.92, 9.59) |
Karita (2020) [31] | Cancer Surveillance System | 18–78 | Washington (USA) | Men (predominant) and women | n.s. | 897 (67/830) | HSIL | Multiplex serology assay | After HSIL diagnosis | 4.48/ 0.73 | Adjusted OR (95%) d | 4.90 (1.12, 21.51) |
Authors (Year) | Endpoint | Raw Sens | Raw Sp | Raw PPV | Raw NPV | Calculated Sens | Calculated Sp | Calculated PPV | Calculated NPV |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bertisch (2013) [27] | AC | 0.22 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.78 | 0.22 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.78 |
Kreimer (2015) [30] | AC | 0.29 | 0.99 | 0.64 | 0.98 | 0.29 | 0.99 | 0.34 | 0.98 |
Combes (2017) [26] | AC | 0.33 | 0.99 | 0.25 | 0.99 | 0.33 | 0.99 | 0.25 | 0.99 |
Combes (2020) [32] | AC | 0.05 | 0.99 | 0.03 | 0.99 | 0.05 | 0.99 | 0.035 | 0.99 |
Karita (2020) [31] | AC | 0.20 | 0.99 | 0.75 | 0.85 | 0.29 | 0.994 | 0.74 | 0.91 |
Poynten (2018) [33] | HSIL | 0.04 | 0.99 | 0.71 | 0.54 | 0.04 | 0.99 | 0.71 | 0.54 |
Karita (2020) [31] | HSIL | 0.20 | 0.99 | 0.75 | 0.85 | 0.04 | 0.994 | 0.20 | 0.93 |
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Tous, S.; Guillamet, M.; Waterboer, T.; Alemany, L.; Paytubi, S. Assessing the Potential of HPV16 E6 Seroprevalence as a Biomarker for Anal Dysplasia and Cancer Screening—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 3437. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063437
Tous S, Guillamet M, Waterboer T, Alemany L, Paytubi S. Assessing the Potential of HPV16 E6 Seroprevalence as a Biomarker for Anal Dysplasia and Cancer Screening—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(6):3437. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063437
Chicago/Turabian StyleTous, Sara, Mariona Guillamet, Tim Waterboer, Laia Alemany, and Sonia Paytubi. 2024. "Assessing the Potential of HPV16 E6 Seroprevalence as a Biomarker for Anal Dysplasia and Cancer Screening—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 6: 3437. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063437