Spectrometric and Voltammetric Analysis of Urease – Nickel Nanoelectrode as an Electrochemical Sensor
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1 Chemicals
2.2 Enzyme
10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
MNHFNRRQVL | PAVPHLLNII | QVEATLPNGT | KLVTVHDPIA | NENGDLEEAL | YGSFLPVPSL |
70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 |
DKFAESKEEH | KIPGEIICAD | GRLTLNPGRK | AVFLKVVNHG | DRPIQVGSHY | HFIEVNPYLT |
130 | 140 | 150 | 160 | 170 | 180 |
FDRRKAYGMR | LNIAAGDSVR | FEPGDHKTVN | LVSIGGNKII | RGGNAIADGP | VNEANCKAAM |
190 | 200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 |
EIVCRREFGH | KEEEEASEGV | TTGDPDCPFT | KAIPREEYAN | KYGPTIGDKI | RLGDTDLIAE |
250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 | 300 |
IEKDFALYGD | ESVFGGGKVI | RDGMGQSSGH | PPAMSLDTVI | TSAVIIDYTG | IIKADIGIKD |
310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | 350 | 360 |
GLIASIGKAG | NPDIMNGVFP | NMIIGVNTEV | ICGEGLIVTA | GGIDCHVHYI | CPQSLDEAIS |
370 | 380 | 390 | 400 | 410 | 420 |
SGITTVVGGG | TGPTDGSRAT | TCTPAPTQMK | LMLQSTDDIP | LNFGFTGKGS | GSHPDELHEI |
430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 470 | 480 |
IKAGAMGLKL | HEDWGCTPAA | IDNCLAVAEQ | HDIQVNIHTD | TVNESGFVEH | TIAAFNGRTI |
490 | 500 | 510 | 520 | 530 | 540 |
HTYHSEGAGG | GHAPDIIKVC | SMKNVLPSST | NTTRPLTSNT | VDEHLDMLMV | CHKLNREIPE |
550 | 560 | 570 | 580 | 590 | 600 |
DLAFASSRVR | EQTIAAEDIL | HHIGGISIIS | SDAQAVGRIG | EVISCTWQTA | DKMKAERGPL |
610 | 620 | 630 | 640 | 650 | 660 |
QPDGSDNDNF | RIKRYIAKYT | INPAIVNGIS | QYVGSVEVGK | LADLVIWKPS | FFGAKPDIVI |
670 | 680 | 690 | 700 | 710 | 720 |
KGGSIAWADM | GDPNGSIPTP | EPVLMRPMYG | TLGKAGSALS | IAFVSKAALD | LGVKVLYGLN |
725 | |||||
KGWNP |
2.3 Electrochemical measurements
Adsorptive transfer stripping differential pulse voltammetric analysis of urease
2.4 An indophenol assay for the detection of ammonium – Berthelot method
2.5 pH measurement
2.6 Scanning electron microscope
2.7 Ni nanopillars creation
2.8 Ni nanoelectrode preparation for experimental measurements
3. Results and Discussion
3.1 Spectrophotometric determination of urease activity
3.2 Electrochemical study of urease
3.2.1 Differential pulse voltammetric analysis of urease
3.2.2 Influence of accumulation time on DPV signal of urease
3.2.3 Influence of urease concentration
3.3 Influence of nickel on the electrochemical signal of urease
3.4 SEM analysis of Ni nanoelectrode surface
3.5 Detection of urease by Ni nanoelectrodes
4. Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
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Hubalek, J.; Hradecky, J.; Adam, V.; Krystofova, O.; Huska, D.; Masarik, M.; Trnkova, L.; Horna, A.; Klosova, K.; Adamek, M.; et al. Spectrometric and Voltammetric Analysis of Urease – Nickel Nanoelectrode as an Electrochemical Sensor. Sensors 2007, 7, 1238-1255. https://doi.org/10.3390/s7071238
Hubalek J, Hradecky J, Adam V, Krystofova O, Huska D, Masarik M, Trnkova L, Horna A, Klosova K, Adamek M, et al. Spectrometric and Voltammetric Analysis of Urease – Nickel Nanoelectrode as an Electrochemical Sensor. Sensors. 2007; 7(7):1238-1255. https://doi.org/10.3390/s7071238
Chicago/Turabian StyleHubalek, Jaromir, Jan Hradecky, Vojtech Adam, Olga Krystofova, Dalibor Huska, Michal Masarik, Libuse Trnkova, Ales Horna, Katerina Klosova, Martin Adamek, and et al. 2007. "Spectrometric and Voltammetric Analysis of Urease – Nickel Nanoelectrode as an Electrochemical Sensor" Sensors 7, no. 7: 1238-1255. https://doi.org/10.3390/s7071238