Viruses 2017, 9(5), 114; doi:10.3390/v9050114
TMPRSS2 and MSPL Facilitate Trypsin-Independent Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Replication in Vero Cells
1
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
2
Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China
3
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Linda Dixon and Simon Graham
Received: 17 March 2017 / Revised: 12 May 2017 / Accepted: 15 May 2017 / Published: 18 May 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Porcine Viruses)
Abstract
Type II transmembrane serine proteases (TTSPs) facilitate the spread and replication of viruses such as influenza and human coronaviruses, although it remains unclear whether TTSPs play a role in the progression of animal coronavirus infections, such as that by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). In this study, TTSPs including TMPRSS2, HAT, DESC1, and MSPL were tested for their ability to facilitate PEDV replication in Vero cells. Our results showed that TMPRSS2 and MSPL played significant roles in the stages of cell–cell fusion and virus–cell fusion, whereas HAT and DESC1 exhibited weaker effects. This activation may be involved in the interaction between TTSPs and the PEDV S protein, as the S protein extensively co-localized with TMPRSS2 and MSPL and could be cleaved by co-expression with TMPRSS2 or MSPL. Moreover, the use of Vero cells expressing TMPRSS2 and MSPL facilitated PEDV replication in the absence of exogenous trypsin. In sum, we identified two host proteases, TMPRSS2 and MSPL, which may provide insights and a novel method for enhancing viral titers, expanding virus production, and improving the adaptability of PEDV isolates in vitro. View Full-TextKeywords:
porcine epidemic diarrhea virus; type II transmembrane serine protease; TMPRSS2; MSPL; virus replication
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MDPI and ACS Style
Shi, W.; Fan, W.; Bai, J.; Tang, Y.; Wang, L.; Jiang, Y.; Tang, L.; Liu, M.; Cui, W.; Xu, Y.; Li, Y. TMPRSS2 and MSPL Facilitate Trypsin-Independent Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Replication in Vero Cells. Viruses 2017, 9, 114.
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