Impacts of Urban Form on Thermal Environment Near the Surface Region at Pedestrian Height: A Case Study Based on High-Density Built-Up Areas of Nanjing City in China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Measurement and Simulation Methods of Thermal Environments
2.1. Study Framework
2.2. Study Case
2.3. Measurement, Simulation, and Verification of Near Surface Thermal Environments
3. Simulation of Near Surface Thermal Environments of Typical Street Blocks
3.1. Building Density Versus Thermal Environment in Near Surface Space of XZC
3.2. Average Building Height Versus Thermal Environment in Near Surface Space of XZC
3.3. Degree of Openness Versus Thermal Environment in Near Surface Space of XZC
4. Optimization Strategy for Street Block Morphology and Extended Discussion
4.1. Measurement of Thermal Environments
4.2. Balancing Function of Near Surface Urban Form
4.3. Urban Form Strategy for Mitigating the Heat Island Effect
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Simulation Parameters | Input Parameter Value |
---|---|
Start simulation at day (DD.MM.YYY) | = 29.06.2018 |
Start simulation at time (HH:MM:SS) | = 06:00:00 |
Total simulation time (hours) | = 24 |
Save model state frequency (min) | = 60 |
Wind speed in 10 m ab. ground (m/s) | = 2.8 |
Wind direction (0:N..90:E..180:S..270:W..) | = 145 |
Roughness length z0 at reference point | = 0.1 |
Initial temperature atmosphere (K) | = 302 |
Specific humidity in 2500 m (g water/kg air) | = 8 |
Relative humidity in 2 m (%) | = 62 |
Spot Number | Plot Attribution | Spot Number | Plot Attribution |
---|---|---|---|
03 | Financial and business | 36 | Residential |
04 | Financial and business | 40 | Commercial |
07 | Residential | 42 | Residential |
08 | Residential | 46 | Financial and business |
10 | Commercial | 51 | Residential |
13 | Residential | 53 | Commercial |
14 | Residential | 57 | Financial and business |
18 | Residential | 65 | Residential |
19 | Residential | 66 | Residential |
20 | Financial and business | 67 | Financial and business |
22 | Residential | 71 | Residential |
35 | Residential | 76 | Financial and business |
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Yang, J.; Shi, B.; Xia, G.; Xue, Q.; Cao, S.-J. Impacts of Urban Form on Thermal Environment Near the Surface Region at Pedestrian Height: A Case Study Based on High-Density Built-Up Areas of Nanjing City in China. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1737. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051737
Yang J, Shi B, Xia G, Xue Q, Cao S-J. Impacts of Urban Form on Thermal Environment Near the Surface Region at Pedestrian Height: A Case Study Based on High-Density Built-Up Areas of Nanjing City in China. Sustainability. 2020; 12(5):1737. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051737
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Junyan, Beixiang Shi, Geyang Xia, Qin Xue, and Shi-Jie Cao. 2020. "Impacts of Urban Form on Thermal Environment Near the Surface Region at Pedestrian Height: A Case Study Based on High-Density Built-Up Areas of Nanjing City in China" Sustainability 12, no. 5: 1737. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051737