The Interrelationship between Pro-Environmental Attitudes and Subjective Well-Being: The Case of Central and Eastern European Countries
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Research Framework
2.2. Methods
2.3. Data
3. Results
3.1. Subjective Well-Being and Environmental Cognition Indices
3.2. Multiple Regression Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Name | β | Std. Error | t-Ratio | p-Value | Name | β | Std. Error | t-Ratio | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ESS-04 | ESS-05 | ||||||||
const | 11.9611 | 0.0671 | 178.2000 | 0.0000 | const | 11.9714 | 0.0686 | 174.5000 | 0.0000 |
DMat | 2.5026 | 0.4797 | 5.2170 | 0.0000 | ECI × DRich | 0.4647 | 0.0631 | 7.3610 | 0.0000 |
ECI × DMat | −0.422162 | 0.1072 | −3.939 | 0.0001 | R2: 0.0420, n: 1239. | ||||
DRich | 2.1903 | 0.6075 | 3.6060 | 0.0003 | |||||
R2: 0.0332, n: 1670. | |||||||||
ESS-06 | ESS-07 | ||||||||
const | 12.3538 | 0.0712 | 173.4000 | 0.0000 | const | 11.7303 | 0.2571 | 45.6200 | 0.0000 |
DMat | 0.9272 | 0.1303 | 7.1160 | 0.0000 | ECI | 0.1529 | 0.0530 | 2.8840 | 0.0040 |
ECI × DRich | 0.4437 | 0.0322 | 13.7900 | 0.0000 | DMat | 0.6896 | 0.1433 | 4.8120 | 0.0000 |
R2: 0.1499, n: 1680. | DRich | 2.5172 | 0.2052 | 12.2700 | 0.0000 | ||||
R2: 0.1070, n: 1762. | |||||||||
ESS-08 | ESS-09 | ||||||||
const | 11.8533 | 0.2556 | 46.3800 | 0.0000 | const | 11.7020 | 0.2619 | 44.6800 | 0.0000 |
ECI × DMat | 0.2609 | 0.0269 | 9.7020 | 0.0000 | ECI | 0.2940 | 0.0543 | 5.4190 | 0.0000 |
DRich | 1.8256 | 0.1936 | 9.4300 | 0.0000 | DMat | 0.8075 | 0.1984 | 4.0700 | 0.0000 |
CCCI | 0.0927 | 0.0271 | 3.4240 | 0.0006 | DRich | 2.4639 | 0.3054 | 8.0680 | 0.0000 |
R2: 0.1394, n: 1422. | R2: 0.0766, n: 1471. | ||||||||
ESS-10 | |||||||||
const | 11.5369 | 0.3143 | 36.7100 | 0.0000 | |||||
DMat | 1.3829 | 0.5173 | 2.6730 | 0.0076 | |||||
ECI × DMat | −0.291169 | 0.1104 | −2.637 | 0.0085 | |||||
DRich | 2.4977 | 0.2008 | 12.4400 | 0.0000 | |||||
CCCI | 0.2032 | 0.0305 | 6.6520 | 0.0000 | |||||
R2: 0.1553, n: 1225. |
Name | β | Std. Error | t-Ratio | p-Value | Name | β | Std. Error | t-Ratio | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ESS-04 | ESS-05 | ||||||||
const | 13.1150 | 0.0685 | 191.5000 | 0.0000 | const | 13.2819 | 0.0635 | 209.1000 | 0.0000 |
DRich | 1.9356 | 0.1948 | 9.9350 | 0.0000 | ECI × DRich | 0.4230 | 0.0398 | 10.6200 | 0.0000 |
R2: 0.0671, n: 1375. | R2: 0.0693, n: 1516. | ||||||||
ESS-06 | ESS-07 | ||||||||
const | 12.8565 | 0.0610 | 210.8000 | 0.0000 | const | 13.5436 | 0.0565 | 239.7000 | 0.0000 |
DRich | 2.4753 | 0.1770 | 13.9900 | 0.0000 | R2: 0.0000, n: 2019. | ||||
R2: 0.0923, n: 1927. | |||||||||
ESS-08 | ESS-09 | ||||||||
const | 13.2153 | 0.3397 | 38.9100 | 0.0000 | const | 13.9528 | 0.0542 | 257.4000 | 0.0000 |
ECI | −0.138556 | 0.0591 | −2.344 | 0.0192 | ECI × DRich | 0.4446 | 0.0393 | 11.3200 | 0.0000 |
DMat | 1.5747 | 0.6813 | 2.3110 | 0.0209 | R2: 0.0648, n: 1852. | ||||
DRich | 2.3644 | 0.2246 | 10.5300 | 0.0000 | |||||
CCCI | 0.1545 | 0.0274 | 5.6410 | 0.0000 | |||||
CCCI × DMat | −0.217235 | 0.0764 | −2.843 | 0.0045 | |||||
R2: 0.0778, n: 1866. | |||||||||
ESS-10 | |||||||||
const | 12.2911 | 0.2597 | 47.3200 | 0.0000 | |||||
DMat | 2.7737 | 0.8136 | 3.4090 | 0.0007 | |||||
DRich | 1.7305 | 0.1853 | 9.3380 | 0.0000 | |||||
CCCI | 0.2238 | 0.0266 | 8.4180 | 0.0000 | |||||
CCCI × DMat | −0.284126 | 0.0846 | −3.357 | 0.0008 | |||||
R2: 0.1064, n: 1484. |
Name | β | Std. Error | t-Ratio | p-Value | Name | β | Std. Error | t-Ratio | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ESS-04 | ESS-05 | ||||||||
const | 13.5868 | 0.0786 | 173.0000 | 0.0000 | const | 13.9450 | 0.0711 | 196.2000 | 0.0000 |
DMat | 0.6777 | 0.1785 | 3.7960 | 0.0002 | DRich | 1.8104 | 0.2491 | 7.2670 | 0.0000 |
DRich | 1.9053 | 0.1932 | 9.8610 | 0.0000 | R2: 0.0401, n: 1266. | ||||
R2: 0.0814, n: 1266. | |||||||||
ESS-06 | ESS-07 | ||||||||
const | 13.9172 | 0.0703 | 198.0000 | 0.0000 | const | 13.9931 | 0.0708 | 197.7000 | 0.0000 |
DMat | 0.3442 | 0.1647 | 2.0910 | 0.0367 | DRich | 1.7958 | 0.2543 | 7.0610 | 0.0000 |
DRich | 2.1117 | 0.2577 | 8.1950 | 0.0000 | R2: 0.0412, n: 1162. | ||||
R2: 0.0482, n: 1450. | |||||||||
ESS-08 | ESS-09 | ||||||||
const | 13.6295 | 0.3225 | 42.2600 | 0.0000 | const | 12.3181 | 0.3683 | 33.4400 | 0.0000 |
ECI × DRich | 0.3379 | 0.0508 | 6.6480 | 0.0000 | ECI | 0.3691 | 0.0726 | 5.0870 | 0.0000 |
CCCI | 0.0733 | 0.0340 | 2.1530 | 0.0316 | DMat | 0.5224 | 0.2040 | 2.5600 | 0.0106 |
R2: 0.0455, n: 1105. | DRich | 1.6819 | 0.2627 | 6.4020 | 0.0000 | ||||
R2: 0.0827, n: 900. | |||||||||
ESS-10 | |||||||||
const | 13.2656 | 0.0845 | 157.0000 | 0.0000 | |||||
DRich | 1.6508 | 0.2390 | 6.9060 | 0.0000 | |||||
R2: 0.0467, n: 976. |
Name | β | Std. Error | t-Ratio | p-Value | Name | β | Std. Error | t-Ratio | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ESS-04 | ESS-05 | ||||||||
const | 13.1563 | 0.4873 | 27.0000 | 0.0000 | const | 11.3606 | 0.4673 | 24.3100 | 0.0000 |
ECI | −0.224566 | 0.0933 | −2.406 | 0.0163 | ECI | 0.2361 | 0.0873 | 2.7040 | 0.0070 |
ECI × DMat | 0.1030 | 0.0412 | 2.5000 | 0.0126 | DRich | 2.2943 | 0.3203 | 7.1630 | 0.0000 |
DRich | 2.6983 | 0.4254 | 6.3430 | 0.0000 | R2: 0.0488, n: 1137. | ||||
R2: 0.0473, n: 1049. | |||||||||
ESS-06 | ESS-07 | ||||||||
const | 11.9762 | 0.0853 | 140.3000 | 0.0000 | const | 11.1737 | 0.4241 | 26.3500 | 0.0000 |
DMat | 0.5008 | 0.1515 | 3.3050 | 0.0010 | ECI | 0.2428 | 0.0820 | 2.9600 | 0.0031 |
DRich | 2.5590 | 0.2569 | 9.9610 | 0.0000 | ECI × DMat | 0.0704 | 0.0321 | 2.1920 | 0.0286 |
R2: 0.0742, n: 1386. | ECI × DRich | 0.3601 | 0.0370 | 9.7270 | 0.0000 | ||||
R2: 0.1078, n: 1099. | |||||||||
ESS-08 | ESS-09 | ||||||||
const | 11.7600 | 0.4140 | 28.4100 | 0.0000 | const | 11.6965 | 0.3260 | 35.8800 | 0.0000 |
ECI × DMat | 0.1669 | 0.0336 | 4.9620 | 0.0000 | ECI | 0.2800 | 0.0685 | 4.0890 | 0.0000 |
DRich | 1.6893 | 0.3233 | 5.2250 | 0.0000 | ECI × DMat | 0.1643 | 0.0406 | 4.0440 | 0.0001 |
CCCI | 0.1132 | 0.0440 | 2.5730 | 0.0102 | DRich | 2.3688 | 0.3102 | 7.6350 | 0.0000 |
R2: 0.0703, n: 855. | R2: 0.1005, n: 980. | ||||||||
ESS-10 | |||||||||
const | 10.8115 | 0.4543 | 23.8000 | 0.0000 | |||||
ECI | 0.2114 | 0.0658 | 3.2120 | 0.0014 | |||||
DMat | 2.4764 | 0.8403 | 2.9470 | 0.0033 | |||||
DRich | 1.8098 | 0.2350 | 7.7020 | 0.0000 | |||||
CCCI | 0.1872 | 0.0406 | 4.6120 | 0.0000 | |||||
CCCI × DMat | −0.171457 | 0.0805 | −2.129 | 0.0334 | |||||
R2: 0.1090, n: 1250. |
Name | β | Std. Error | t-Ratio | p-Value | Name | β | Std. Error | t-Ratio | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ESS-04 | ESS-05 | ||||||||
const | 13.5226 | 0.0722 | 187.3000 | 0.0000 | const | 12.9104 | 0.0716 | 180.2000 | 0.0000 |
DMat | 0.8415 | 0.1590 | 5.2910 | 0.0000 | DMat | 0.8001 | 0.1470 | 5.4440 | 0.0000 |
R2: 0.0195, n: 1407. | ECI × DRich | 0.4562 | 0.0613 | 7.4470 | 0.0000 | ||||
R2: 0.0530, n: 1637. | |||||||||
ESS-06 | ESS-07 | ||||||||
const | 13.2390 | 0.0780 | 169.8000 | 0.0000 | const | 13.6988 | 0.0690 | 198.6000 | 0.0000 |
ECI × DMat | 0.1551 | 0.0318 | 4.8780 | 0.0000 | DMat | 0.8112 | 0.1354 | 5.9920 | 0.0000 |
DRich | 2.1683 | 0.2417 | 8.9710 | 0.0000 | ECI × DRich | 0.4435 | 0.0739 | 6.0020 | 0.0000 |
R2: 0.0733, n: 1351. | R2: 0.0521, n: 1348. | ||||||||
ESS-08 | ESS-09 | ||||||||
const | 13.0193 | 0.2521 | 51.6500 | 0.0000 | const | 13.9737 | 0.0620 | 225.4000 | 0.0000 |
ECI | 0.1531 | 0.0549 | 2.7900 | 0.0053 | DMat | −1.22701 | 0.5003 | −2.453 | 0.0143 |
ECI × DMat | 0.1111 | 0.0269 | 4.1370 | 0.0000 | ECI × DMat | 0.3605 | 0.1023 | 3.5250 | 0.0004 |
DRich | 1.9968 | 0.2283 | 8.7470 | 0.0000 | DRich | 1.5926 | 0.2217 | 7.1820 | 0.0000 |
R2: 0.0735, n: 1576. | R2: 0.0561, n: 1560. | ||||||||
ESS-10 | |||||||||
const | 12.5707 | 0.2044 | 61.5000 | 0.0000 | |||||
ECI | 0.2982 | 0.0455 | 6.5510 | 0.0000 | |||||
ECI × DMat | 0.1821 | 0.0280 | 6.5130 | 0.0000 | |||||
DRich | 1.7747 | 0.2651 | 6.6940 | 0.0000 | |||||
R2: 0.0925, n: 1576. |
Name | β | Std. Error | t-Ratio | p-Value | Name | β | Std. Error | t-Ratio | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ESS-04 | ESS-05 | ||||||||
const | 14.2967 | 0.0760 | 188.2000 | 0.0000 | const | 14.2122 | 0.0832 | 170.8000 | 0.0000 |
ECI × DRich | 0.3738 | 0.0636 | 5.8810 | 0.0000 | DMat | 0.8351 | 0.2324 | 3.5930 | 0.0003 |
R2: 0.0337, n: 995. | ECI × DRich | 0.3783 | 0.0640 | 5.9150 | 0.0000 | ||||
R2: 0.0473, n: 1045. | |||||||||
ESS-06 | ESS-07 | ||||||||
const | 14.3071 | 0.0847 | 168.9000 | 0.0000 | const | 14.1298 | 0.0836 | 169.0000 | 0.0000 |
DRich | 1.9879 | 0.4075 | 4.8790 | 0.0000 | DRich | 1.9368 | 0.3869 | 5.0060 | 0.0000 |
R2: 0.0251, n: 925. | R2: 0.0254, n: 963. | ||||||||
ESS-08 | ESS-09 | ||||||||
const | 14.7085 | 0.0777 | 189.3000 | 0.0000 | const | 14.9940 | 0.0710 | 211.3000 | 0.0000 |
DMat | 3.2574 | 1.2517 | 2.6020 | 0.0094 | ECI × DRich | 0.2947 | 0.0503 | 5.8640 | 0.0000 |
DRich | 1.6016 | 0.3340 | 4.7950 | 0.0000 | R2: 0.0295, n: 1133. | ||||
CCCI × DMat | −0.287783 | 0.1211 | −2.376 | 0.0177 | |||||
R2: 0.0278, n: 1074. | |||||||||
ESS-10 | |||||||||
const | 15.3236 | 0.5400 | 28.3800 | 0.0000 | |||||
ECI | −0.200052 | 0.0923 | −2.167 | 0.0305 | |||||
DRich | 1.3438 | 0.2692 | 4.9910 | 0.0000 | |||||
CCCI | 0.1028 | 0.0367 | 2.7970 | 0.0053 | |||||
R2: 0.0318, n: 1063. |
Appendix B
Countries | ESS Rounds (Years) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R1 2002/ 2003 | R2 2004/ 2005 | R3 2006/ 2007 | R4 2008/ 2009 | R5 2010/ 2011 | R6 2012/ 2013 | R7 2014/ 2015 | R8 2016/ 2017 | R9 2018/ 2019 | R10 2020– 2022 | |
Bulgaria | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||
Czechia | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |
Estonia | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |
Croatia | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||
Latvia | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||
Poland | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
Lithuania | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||
Romania | ● | ● | ● | |||||||
Slovakia | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||
Slovenia | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
Ukraine | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||
Hungary | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
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Indicator | ESS Rounds | Mean | St. Dev | Size of Sample | Cronbach’s Alpha | Mean | St. Dev | Size of Sample | Cronbach’s Alpha |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lithuania | Estonia | ||||||||
SWI | 4 | 12.339 | 2.472 | 1946 | 0.682 | 13.332 | 2.461 | 1623 | 0.740 |
SWI | 5 | 12.094 | 2.413 | 1612 | 0.561 | 13.558 | 2.457 | 1787 | 0.724 |
SWI | 6 | 13.053 | 2.596 | 2003 | 0.765 | 13.258 | 2.623 | 2355 | 0.748 |
SWI | 7 | 13.038 | 2.748 | 2152 | 0.793 | 13.523 | 2.555 | 2041 | 0.758 |
SWI | 8 | 13.183 | 2.490 | 2022 | 0.728 | 13.903 | 2.471 | 2014 | 0.748 |
SWI | 9 | 13.271 | 2.560 | 1792 | 0.750 | 14.116 | 2.331 | 1902 | 0.740 |
SWI | 10 | 13.819 | 2.593 | 1581 | 0.728 | 14.616 | 2.210 | 1540 | 0.716 |
Poland | Hungary | ||||||||
SWI | 4 | 14.033 | 2.480 | 1581 | 0.725 | 12.348 | 2.763 | 1509 | 0.708 |
SWI | 5 | 14.209 | 2.493 | 1651 | 0.736 | 12.810 | 2.800 | 1538 | 0.724 |
SWI | 6 | 14.195 | 2.423 | 1849 | 0.712 | 12.540 | 2.770 | 1968 | 0.732 |
SWI | 7 | 14.165 | 2.401 | 1578 | 0.706 | 12.971 | 2.617 | 1648 | 0.740 |
SWI | 8 | 14.487 | 2.239 | 1627 | 0.687 | 13.561 | 2.532 | 1556 | 0.725 |
SWI | 9 | 14.483 | 2.253 | 1442 | 0.683 | 13.441 | 2.468 | 1573 | 0.698 |
SWI | 10 | 13.497 | 2.534 | 1274 | 0.723 | 14.082 | 2.321 | 1778 | 0.697 |
Czechia | Slovenia | ||||||||
SWI | 4 | 13.750 | 2.438 | 1963 | 0.694 | 14.465 | 2.377 | 1262 | 0.698 |
SWI | 5 | 13.305 | 2.589 | 2318 | 0.714 | 14.532 | 2.496 | 1370 | 0.728 |
SWI | 6 | 13.687 | 2.538 | 1890 | 0.704 | 14.497 | 2.503 | 1234 | 0.690 |
SWI | 7 | 13.973 | 2.336 | 2052 | 0.668 | 14.232 | 2.627 | 1207 | 0.732 |
SWI | 8 | 14.052 | 2.345 | 2218 | 0.694 | 14.825 | 2.446 | 1292 | 0.710 |
SWI | 9 | 14.214 | 2.239 | 2276 | 0.665 | 15.075 | 2.392 | 1299 | 0.723 |
SWI | 10 | 14.272 | 2.354 | 2350 | 0.649 | 15.398 | 2.314 | 1228 | 0.724 |
Indicator | ESS Rounds | Mean | St. Dev | Size of Sample | Cronbach’s Alpha * | Mean | St. Dev | Size of Sample | Cronbach’s Alpha * |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lithuania | Estonia | ||||||||
CCCI | 8 | 9.065 | 2.132 | 1743 | 0.615 | 8.632 | 2.132 | 1926 | 0.574 |
CCCI | 10 | 9.985 | 2.226 | 1536 | 0.628 | 9.524 | 2.183 | 1525 | 0.639 |
ECI | 4 | 4.151 | 1.170 | 1992 | - | 4.920 | 1.110 | 1643 | - |
ECI | 5 | 4.716 | 1.146 | 1627 | - | 5.041 | 0.871 | 1793 | - |
ECI | 6 | 4.468 | 1.125 | 2107 | - | 5.021 | 0.896 | 2359 | - |
ECI | 7 | 4.676 | 1.167 | 2239 | - | 5.007 | 0.925 | 2038 | - |
ECI | 8 | 4.528 | 1.187 | 2086 | - | 4.928 | 0.926 | 2010 | - |
ECI | 9 | 4.644 | 1.195 | 1725 | - | 5.074 | 0.855 | 1900 | - |
ECI | 10 | 4.480 | 1.182 | 1624 | - | 5.018 | 0.915 | 1542 | - |
Poland | Hungary | ||||||||
CCCI | 8 | 9.238 | 1.916 | 1495 | 0.551 | 9.340 | 1.887 | 1503 | 0.472 |
CCCI | 10 | 10.229 | 2.172 | 1289 | 0.712 | 10.170 | 1.806 | 1758 | 0.548 |
ECI | 4 | 4.880 | 0.951 | 1595 | - | 5.164 | 0.943 | 1432 | - |
ECI | 5 | 4.923 | 0.929 | 1733 | - | 5.265 | 0.890 | 1472 | - |
ECI | 6 | 5.086 | 0.868 | 1883 | - | 5.154 | 0.921 | 1969 | - |
ECI | 7 | 5.038 | 0.884 | 1593 | - | 5.126 | 0.940 | 1520 | - |
ECI | 8 | 4.967 | 0.893 | 1676 | - | 5.027 | 1.003 | 1459 | - |
ECI | 9 | 4.896 | 1.013 | 1460 | - | 4.699 | 1.119 | 1647 | - |
ECI | 10 ** | - | - | - | - | 4.822 | 0.962 | 1813 | - |
Czechia | Slovenia | ||||||||
CCCI | 8 | 8.433 | 2.135 | 2070 | 0.564 | 9.724 | 1.913 | 1265 | 0.468 |
CCCI | 10 | 9.283 | 2.254 | 2278 | 0.517 | 10.499 | 1.923 | 1232 | 0.517 |
ECI | 4 | 4.633 | 1.106 | 1984 | - | 5.022 | 0.941 | 1264 | - |
ECI | 5 | 4.669 | 1.044 | 2329 | - | 5.098 | 0.858 | 1372 | - |
ECI | 6 | 4.578 | 1.078 | 1987 | - | 5.370 | 0.784 | 1250 | - |
ECI | 7 | 4.661 | 1.098 | 1859 | - | 5.388 | 0.712 | 1198 | - |
ECI | 8 | 4.577 | 1.058 | 2255 | - | 5.192 | 0.796 | 1298 | - |
ECI | 9 | 4.812 | 1.075 | 2347 | - | 5.329 | 0.780 | 1309 | - |
ECI | 10 | 4.457 | 1.244 | 2420 | - | 5.273 | 0.750 | 1235 | - |
Variable | ESS-04 | ESS-05 | ESS-06 | ESS-07 | ESS-08 | ESS-09 | ESS-10 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ECI | −0.22 HU | 0.24 HU | 0.15 LT | −0.14 EE | 0.29 LT | 0.21 HU | |
0.24 HU | 0.15 CZ | 0.37 PL | 0.30 CZ | ||||
0.28 HU | −0.20 SI | ||||||
DMat | 2.50 LT | 0.80 CZ | 0.93 LT | 0.69 LT | 1.57 EE | 0.81 LT | 1.38 LT |
0.68 PL | 0.84 SI | 0.34 PL | 0.81 CZ | 3.26 SI | 0.52 PL | 2.77 EE | |
0.84 CZ | 0.50 HU | −1.23 CZ | 2.48 HU | ||||
ECI × DMat | −0.42 LT | 0.16 CZ | 0.07 HU | 0.26 LT | 0.16 HU | −0.29 LT | |
0.10 HU | 0.17 HU | 0.36 CZ | 0.18 CZ | ||||
0.11 CZ | |||||||
DRich | 2.19 LT | 1.81 PL | 2.48 EE | 2.52 LT | 1.83 LT | 2.46 LT | 2.50 LT |
1.94 EE | 2.29 HU | 2.11 PL | 1.80 PL | 2.36 EE | 1.68 PL | 1.73 EE | |
1.91 PL | 2.56 HU | 1.94 SI | 1.69 HU | 2.37 HU | 1.65 PL | ||
2.70 HU | 2.17 CZ | 2.00 CZ | 1.59 CZ | 1.81 HU | |||
1.99 SI | 1.60 SI | 1.77 CZ | |||||
1.34 SI | |||||||
ECI × DRich | 0.37 SI | 0.46 LT | 0.44 LT | 0.36 HU | 0.34 PL | 0.44 EE | |
0.42 EE | 0.44 CZ | 0.29 SI | |||||
0.46 CZ | |||||||
0.38 SI | |||||||
CCCI | 0.09 LT | 0.20 LT | |||||
0.15 EE | 0.22 EE | ||||||
0.07 PL | 0.19 HU | ||||||
0.11 HU | 0.10 SI | ||||||
CCCI × DMat | −0.22 EE | −0.28 EE | |||||
−0.29 SI | −0.17 HU | ||||||
CCCI × DRich | |||||||
R2 | 0.03 LT | 0.04 LT | 0.15 LT | 0.11 LT | 0.14 LT | 0.08 LT | 0.16 LT |
0.07 EE | 0.07 EE | 0.09 EE | 0.00 EE | 0.08 EE | 0.06 EE | 0.11 EE | |
0.08 PL | 0.04 PL | 0.05 PL | 0.05 PL | 0.05 PL | 0.08 PL | 0.05 PL | |
0.05 CZ | 0.05 CZ | 0.07 CZ | 0.11 CZ | 0.07 CZ | 0.10 CZ | 0.11 CZ | |
0.02 HU | 0.05 HU | 0.07 HU | 0.05 HU | 0.07 HU | 0.06 HU | 0.09 HU | |
0.03 SI | 0.05 SI | 0.03 SI | 0.03 SI | 0.03 SI | 0.03 SI | 0.03 SI |
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Vaznonis, B.; Staugaitis, A.J.; Vaznonienė, G. The Interrelationship between Pro-Environmental Attitudes and Subjective Well-Being: The Case of Central and Eastern European Countries. Sustainability 2024, 16, 3434. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16083434
Vaznonis B, Staugaitis AJ, Vaznonienė G. The Interrelationship between Pro-Environmental Attitudes and Subjective Well-Being: The Case of Central and Eastern European Countries. Sustainability. 2024; 16(8):3434. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16083434
Chicago/Turabian StyleVaznonis, Bernardas, Algirdas Justinas Staugaitis, and Gintarė Vaznonienė. 2024. "The Interrelationship between Pro-Environmental Attitudes and Subjective Well-Being: The Case of Central and Eastern European Countries" Sustainability 16, no. 8: 3434. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16083434