Plantago asiatica L. Ameliorates Puromycin Aminonucleoside-Induced Nephrotic Syndrome by Suppressing Inflammation and Apoptosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Preparation of Seed of Plantago asiatica L.
2.2. Drugs and Chemicals
2.3. Animal Experiments and Treatment Protocol
2.4. Measurement of Urinary Protein Excretion
2.5. Measurement of Plasma Biochemical Parameters
2.6. Histopathological Staining of Renal Tissues
2.7. Immunohistochemical Staining of Renal Tissues
2.8. Western Blot Analysis
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Effects of PAL on Proteinuria and Ascites
3.2. Effect of PAL on Plasma Parameters and Renal Function
3.3. Effect of PAL on Renal Morphology
3.4. Effect of PAL on Podocyte Injury
3.5. Effect of PAL on Inflammatory Markers in the Kidney
3.6. Effect of PAL on Apoptosis-Related Markers in Renal Tissues
3.7. Effect of PAL on MAPK Signal Pathway in Renal Tissues
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Groups | Control | NS | NS | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Losartan | PAL | |||
T-Cho (mg/dL) | 63.4 ± 3.2 | 397.8 ± 2.3 ** | 258.2 ± 38.4 # | 301.8 ± 34.0 # |
TG (mg/dL) | 97.6 ± 16.1 | 196.6 ± 3.4 ** | 352.3 ± 65.3 # | 355.2 ± 41.1 ## |
LDL-c (mg/dL) | 20.8 ± 3.6 | 171.2 ± 9.0 ** | 90.6 ± 20.9 ## | 110.6 ± 22.0 # |
Groups | Control | NS | NS | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Losartan | PAL | |||
BUN (mg/dL) | 13.7 ± 0.8 | 56.4 ± 5.5 ** | 33.9 ± 6.3 # | 30.8 ± 3.6 ## |
T-pro (mg/dL) | 5.6 ± 0.1 | 3.6 ± 0.1 ** | 4.8 ± 0.3 ## | 4.2 ± 0.2 # |
Alb (mg/dL) | 4.1 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.2 ** | 2.9 ± 0.4 ## | 2.2 ± 0.3 ## |
Plasma creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 0.25 ± 0.03 ** | 0.13 ± 0.02 ## | 0.15 ± 0.01 ## |
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Kho, M.C.; Park, J.H.; Han, B.H.; Tan, R.; Yoon, J.J.; Kim, H.Y.; Ahn, Y.M.; Lee, Y.J.; Kang, D.G.; Lee, H.S. Plantago asiatica L. Ameliorates Puromycin Aminonucleoside-Induced Nephrotic Syndrome by Suppressing Inflammation and Apoptosis. Nutrients 2017, 9, 386. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9040386
Kho MC, Park JH, Han BH, Tan R, Yoon JJ, Kim HY, Ahn YM, Lee YJ, Kang DG, Lee HS. Plantago asiatica L. Ameliorates Puromycin Aminonucleoside-Induced Nephrotic Syndrome by Suppressing Inflammation and Apoptosis. Nutrients. 2017; 9(4):386. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9040386
Chicago/Turabian StyleKho, Min Chul, Ji Hun Park, Byung Hyuk Han, Rui Tan, Jung Joo Yoon, Hye Yoom Kim, You Mee Ahn, Yun Jung Lee, Dae Gill Kang, and Ho Sub Lee. 2017. "Plantago asiatica L. Ameliorates Puromycin Aminonucleoside-Induced Nephrotic Syndrome by Suppressing Inflammation and Apoptosis" Nutrients 9, no. 4: 386. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9040386