Cancers, Volume 14, Issue 20

Objectives: Previous cohort studies using national claim data in Korea have shown conflicting results about the association between the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and the risk of gastric cancer. This may be due to differences in the inclusi...

The prognosis of high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) continues to be poor. The early development of resistance often leads to disease recurrence. In the present study, an innovative induction regimen, including an intensive initial radio-chemotherapy sequen...

Esophageal cancer has a high mortality rate and a poor prognosis, with more than one-third of patients receiving a diagnosis of locally advanced cancer. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the dominant histological subtype of esophageal canc...

Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (VAIt) represents a sporadic variant of vulvar carcinoma. It appears frequently localized to epithelial glands in the vulvar region, and it probably derives from cloacal remnants persisting in the adult. We performed a...

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has greatly improved our ability to detect the genomic aberrations occurring in multiple myeloma (MM); however, its transfer to routine clinical labs and its validation in clinical trials remains to be established. We...

(1) Aim: To compare the treatment plans of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) with CyberKnife (CK) and high-dose-rate (HDR) intracavitary/interstitial brachytherapy (IC/ISBT) and examine the feasibility of CK-SBRT as a viable alternative to BT in...

Many variants of urothelial cancer present diagnostic challenges and carry clinical implications that influence prognosis and treatment decisions. The critical issues of treatment-resistant clones are a crucial barrier to care in individuals affected...

Background: We confirmed the benefit of addition of ixazomib to lenalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in unselected real-world population. We report the final analysis for overall survival (OS...

To compare the risk of developing gastrointestinal (GI) cancer according to industrial groups, we performed a retrospective cohort study using the database of the Korea National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). We calculated the age-standardized inci...

Personalized neoantigen vaccines are a highly specific cancer treatment designed to induce a robust cytotoxic T-cell attack against a patient’s cancer antigens. In this study, we searched ClinicalTrials.gov for neoantigen vaccine clinical trial...

Background: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are formed by the aggregation of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which is driven by chemokines or cytokines in the tumour microenvironment. Studies have shown that TLSs are associated with good...

The prerequisite of any radiation therapy modality (X-ray, electron, proton, and heavy ion) is meant to meet at least a minimum prescribed dose at any location in the tumor for the best tumor control. In addition, there is also an upper dose limit wi...

This prospective study identifies high-risk groups for recurrence of head and neck cancer by BMI and circulating inflammatory response markers. Head and neck cancer patients from three Swedish hospitals were included (n = 272). Leukocyte and thromboc...

Despite recent improvements in the comprehensive therapy of malignancy, metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) continues to have a poor prognosis. Notably, 5% of mCRC cases harbor Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) alterations. ERBB2, commonly re...

Background: In microsatellite instability (MSI)/mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) gastrointestinal cancers, the optimum therapy after the progression of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is yet unknown. Here, we compared the efficacy of programmed d...

Observational studies found inverse associations of dietary carotenoids and vitamin A intakes with lung cancer risk. However, interventional trials among high-risk individuals showed that β-carotene supplements increased lung cancer risk. Most o...

Background and Objective: Studies which evaluated the role of an ultrasound-guided needle aspiration biopsy (US-NAB) of metastases from lung cancer located in “superficial” organs/tissues are scant, and none of them assessed the possible...

Purpose: To evaluate the suitability of low-dose CT protocols for online plan adaptation of head-and-neck patients. Methods: We acquired CT scans of a head phantom with protocols corresponding to CT dose index volume CTDI_vol in the range of 4.2&ndash...

Mechanisms of action of squalamine in human vascular endothelial cells indicate that this compound attaches to cell membranes, potentially interacting with calmodulin, Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger isoform NHE3 and other signaling pathways involved in the angioge...

Necroptosis is a type of programmed necrosis that is different from apoptosis and necrosis. Lung cancer has the highest incidence and mortality worldwide, and lung adenocarcinoma is the most common subtype of lung cancer. However, the role of necropt...

Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type (PCDLBCL-LT) is a rare, aggressive cutaneous lymphoma with a 5-year disease-specific survival of only ~55%. Despite high response rates to initial immune-polychemotherapy, most patients experi...

This paper reports a comprehensive investigation of a magnetic nanoparticle (MNP), named M55, which belongs to a class of innovative doped ferrite nanomaterials, characterized by a self-limiting temperature. M55 is obtained from M48, an MNP previousl...

Background: to date, long-term outcomes of R1 vascular (R1vasc) and R1 parenchymal (R1par) resections in the setting of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) have been examined in only one study which did not find significant difference. Patients an...

Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are first-line treatments in the management of advanced solid tumors. Whereas these treatments are directed at eliminating cancer cells, they cause significant adverse effects that can be detrimental to a patient’s...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths and is driven by aberrant androgen receptor (AR) signalling. For this reason, androgen deprivation therapies (ADTs) that suppress androgen-induced PCa progression either by preventing...

The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the longitudinal body changes in terms of muscle and adipose areas and their prognostic role in elderly (>65 years) patients affected by Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Skeletal muscle area (SMA), skel...

(1) Background: N-cadherin expression, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and aggressive biological phenotype of tumor cells are linked although the underlying mechanisms are not entirely clear. (2) Methods: In this study, we used two differe...

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the primary type. Unfortunately, it is often diagnosed at advanced stages, when therapy leaves patients with a dismal prognosis. Despite...

Huge strides have been made in the navigation of gastric cancer surgery thanks to the improvement of intraoperative techniques. For now, the use of indocyanine green (ICG) enhanced fluorescence imaging has received promising results in detecting sent...

Objectives: We aimed to investigate sex-related differences in patients with advanced melanoma treated with ICI by linking the assessment of inflammatory response in peripheral blood, onset of immune-related adverse events IRAEs during therapy and tr...

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is an ancient homeostasis mechanism operating from embryonic stages to adulthood. It controls the growth and development of many cells and cell lineages. Dysregulation of the components of the ECS may result in uncont...

PET imaging using PSMA ligands is increasingly used for staging in prostate cancer patients in different clinical indications. Unlike [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-labeled PSMA ligands, fluorinated compounds can be produced in large amounts; thus, they can be used for a...

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine skin cancer that usually occurs in elderly people on sun-exposed areas, with a predisposition to local recurrence. Evidence suggests a growing incidence over the past decade; however, robust epidem...

N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modification, the most prevalent RNA modification, is involved in all aspects of RNA metabolism, including RNA processing, nuclear export, stability, translation and degradation. Therefore, m⁶A modification can participate in...

In the past 5 years, the treatment options available to patients with HER2+ breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) have expanded. The longer survival of patients with HER2+ BCBM renders understanding the toxicities of local therapies even more importa...

Regular use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was associated with the lower risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, whether regular use of NSAIDs could attenuate the effect of genetic risk and environmental risk factors on CRC is un...

High dose rate radiotherapies such as FLASH and microbeam radiotherapy (MRT) both have developed to the stage of first veterinary studies within the last decade. With the development of a new research tool for high dose rate radiotherapy at the end s...

The use of cancer vaccines is a promising therapeutic strategy able to stimulate anti-tumor immunity by inducing both humoral and cellular immunity. In this study, antigen presenting cells play a key role by inducing a strong activation of the T cell...

The dynamic O-GlcNAc modification of intracellular proteins is an important nutrient sensor for integrating metabolic signals into vast networks of highly coordinated cellular activities. Dysregulation of the sole enzymes responsible for O-GlcNAc cyc...

Significantly affecting patients’ clinical course and quality of life, a growing number of cancer cases are diagnosed with brain metastasis (BM) annually. Stereotactic radiotherapy is now a major treatment option for patients with BM. However,...

The molecular receptor status of breast cancer has implications for prognosis and long-term metastasis. Although metastatic luminal B-like, hormone-receptor-positive, HER2−negative, breast cancer causes brain metastases less frequently than oth...

Treatment success of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is often hindered by cisplatin resistance. As inherent and acquired therapy resistance counteracts improvement in long-term survival, novel multi-targeting strategies triggering cance...

Brain tumors comprise over 100 types of masses, differing in the following: location; patient age; molecular, histological, and immunohistochemical characteristics; and prognosis and treatment. Glioma tumors originate from neuroglia, cells supporting...

This study aimed to compare the outcomes of RT modalities among patients who met different HIR criteria based on multicentric real-world data over 15 years. The enrolled patients, who were diagnosed with FIGO I-II EC from 13 medical institutes and tr...

Medulloblastoma (MB) recurrence is usually incurable despite intensive therapy including high-dose chemotherapy. An evolving alternative approach to conventional chemotherapy aims at interfering with tumor angiogenesis at different levels. We report...

The mainstay of treatment for primary retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) is surgery. However, whether multiple visceral resection (MVR) affects patients’ quality of life compared with simple tumor resection has not been reported. Patients with prima...

Human lung cancer ranks among the most frequently treated cancers worldwide. As copper appears critical to angiogenesis and tumor growth, selective removal of copper represents a promising strategy to restrict tumor growth. To this end, we explored t...

Approximately 20% of pediatric patients with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) relapse or are refractory to chemotherapy despite the low frequency of TP53 mutations. The nucleolar stress response is a P53-activating mechanism vi...

The death ligand tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a member of the TNF cytokine superfamily, has long been recognized for its potential as a cancer therapeutic due to its low toxicity against normal cells. However...

Advanced retinoblastoma (Rb) tumors display high metastatic spread to distant tissues, causing a potent threat to vision and life. Through transcriptomic profiling, we discovered key upregulated genes that belonged to the epithelial–mesenchymal...