Molecular and Crystal Structure of a New High Energy Density Material: Aminoguanidinium-styphnate, [H2NNHC(NH2)2]2[C6HO2(NO2)3]
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Synthesis and Characterization of [H2NNHC(NH2)2]2[C6HO2(NO2)3] (2)
2.2. Crystal Structure
Identification code | magd09 |
Empirical formula | C8H15N11O8 |
Formula weight | 393.31 |
Temperature | 100(2) K |
Wavelength | 0.71073 Å |
Crystal system | Triclinic |
Space group | P -1 |
Unit cell dimensions | a = 6.7224(3) Å |
b = 10.7473(4) Å | |
c = 11.9604(5) Å | |
Volume | 779.68(6) Å3 |
Z | 2 |
Density (calculated) | 1.675 mg/m3 |
Absorption coefficient | 0.148 mm−1 |
F(000) | 408 |
Crystal size | 0.26 × 0.21 × 0.13 mm3 |
Theta range for data collection | 2.17 to 28.28° |
Index ranges | −8 ≤ h ≤ 8, −14 ≤ k ≤ 14, −15 ≤ l ≤ 15 |
Reflections collected | 12676 |
Independent reflections | 3857 [R(int) = 0.0335] |
Completeness to theta = 28.00° | 99.8% |
Absorption correction | None |
Refinement method | Full-matrix least-squares on F2 |
Data/restraints/parameters | 3857/86/313 |
Goodness-of-fit on F2 | 0.862 |
Final R indices [I > 2sigma(I)] | R1 = 0.0398, wR2 = 0.0916 |
R indices (all data) | R1 = 0.0627, wR2 = 0.0964 |
Largest diff. peak and hole | 0.540 and −0.330 e.Å−3 |
O(1)-C(1) | 1.2559(18) | N(5)-C(7) | 1.317(2) |
O(2)-C(3) | 1.2394(18) | N(6)-C(7) | 1.339(2) |
O(5)-N(2) | 1.2269(16) | N(6)-N(7) | 1.4073(19) |
O(6)-N(2) | 1.2423(16) | N(8)-C(8) | 1.330(2) |
O(7)-N(3) | 1.2429(16) | N(9)-C(8) | 1.320(2) |
O(8)-N(3) | 1.2403(16) | N(10)-C(8) | 1.3343(19) |
N(1)-O(3) | 1.220(3) | N(10)-N(11) | 1.4099(18) |
N(1)-O(4) | 1.2646(19) | C(1)-C(2) | 1.443(2) |
N(1)-O(3') | 1.296(14) | C(1)-C(6) | 1.455(2) |
N(1)-C(2) | 1.4223(19) | C(2)-C(3) | 1.449(2) |
N(1)-O(4') | 1.443(7) | C(3)-C(4) | 1.461(2) |
N(2)-C(4) | 1.4309(19) | C(4)-C(5) | 1.376(2) |
N(3)-C(6) | 1.4285(19) | C(5)-C(6) | 1.371(2) |
N(4)-C(7) | 1.324(2) | ||
O(3)-N(1)-O(4) | 117.1(3) | O(2)-C(3)-C(2) | 123.57(14) |
O(3)-N(1)-O(3') | 7.8(16) | O(2)-C(3)-C(4) | 122.97(13) |
O(4)-N(1)-O(3') | 124.7(14) | C(2)-C(3)-C(4) | 113.36(13) |
O(3)-N(1)-C(2) | 123.8(3) | C(5)-C(4)-N(2) | 116.37(14) |
O(4)-N(1)-C(2) | 118.43(14) | C(5)-C(4)-C(3) | 122.20(13) |
O(3')-N(1)-C(2) | 116.0(13) | N(2)-C(4)-C(3) | 121.31(13) |
O(3)-N(1)-O(4') | 99.3(4) | C(6)-C(5)-C(4) | 122.18(15) |
O(4)-N(1)-O(4') | 65.7(3) | C(5)-C(6)-N(3) | 116.17(14) |
O(3')-N(1)-O(4') | 103.6(13) | C(5)-C(6)-C(1) | 122.21(14) |
C(2)-N(1)-O(4') | 110.3(3) | N(3)-C(6)-C(1) | 121.61(13) |
O(5)-N(2)-O(6) | 120.23(13) | N(5)-C(7)-N(4) | 120.64(15) |
O(5)-N(2)-C(4) | 121.26(13) | N(5)-C(7)-N(6) | 119.38(14) |
O(6)-N(2)-C(4) | 118.51(12) | N(4)-C(7)-N(6) | 119.98(14) |
O(8)-N(3)-O(7) | 120.45(12) | N(9)-C(8)-N(8) | 120.45(14) |
O(8)-N(3)-C(6) | 120.50(13) | N(9)-C(8)-N(10) | 121.21(14) |
O(7)-N(3)-C(6) | 119.04(12) | N(8)-C(8)-N(10) | 118.28(14) |
C(7)-N(6)-N(7) | 118.14(13) | ||
C(8)-N(10)-N(11) | 124.15(13) | ||
O(1)-C(1)-C(2) | 123.60(14) | ||
O(1)-C(1)-C(6) | 122.47(13) | ||
C(2)-C(1)-C(6) | 113.88(13) | ||
N(1)-C(2)-C(1) | 117.63(13) | ||
N(1)-C(2)-C(3) | 116.48(13) | ||
C(1)-C(2)-C(3) | 125.89(13) |
D-H...A | d(D-H) | d(H...A) | d(D...A) | <(DHA) |
N(4)-H(4A)...O(2)#1 | 0.861(13) | 2.090(15) | 2.8484(18) | 146.5(18) |
N(4)-H(4B)...O(4)#2 | 0.848(13) | 2.192(14) | 3.021(2) | 165.7(18) |
N(5)-H(5A)...N(7)#3 | 0.872(13) | 2.302(14) | 3.0538(19) | 144.5(15) |
N(5)-H(5B)...O(2)#1 | 0.867(13) | 1.967(15) | 2.7539(18) | 150.3(17) |
N(5)-H(5B)...O(5)#1 | 0.867(13) | 2.244(16) | 2.8868(17) | 130.9(16) |
N(6)-H(6)...O(3)#2 | 0.828(13) | 2.359(15) | 3.141(5) | 157.8(15) |
N(7)-H(7A)...O(1)#3 | 0.880(13) | 2.099(14) | 2.9737(19) | 172.7(17) |
N(7)-H(7B)...O(5)#4 | 0.876(13) | 2.614(18) | 3.0480(17) | 111.6(14) |
N(8)-H(8A)...O(8)#5 | 0.862(13) | 2.086(13) | 2.9407(17) | 171.3(17) |
N(8)-H(8B)...O(1) | 0.866(13) | 2.039(15) | 2.8104(18) | 147.9(17) |
N(8)-H(8B)...O(8) | 0.866(13) | 2.203(16) | 2.8673(18) | 133.2(16) |
N(9)-H(9A)...O(7)#5 | 0.836(13) | 2.222(13) | 3.0458(18) | 168.8(16) |
N(9)-H(9B)...O(6)#6 | 0.825(13) | 2.110(14) | 2.9156(19) | 165.4(19) |
N(10)-H(10)...O(1) | 0.828(13) | 2.030(15) | 2.7668(18) | 147.8(17) |
N(10)-H(10)...O(3) | 0.828(13) | 2.371(16) | 3.029(4) | 136.9(15) |
N(11)-H(11A)...O(6)#6 | 0.855(14) | 2.530(17) | 3.1708(19) | 132.5(16) |
2.3. Sensitivity
Compound | 2 |
M (g/mol) | 393.27 |
ρ, g/cm3 | 1.844 |
Impact/Nm | >40 |
Friction Sensitivity (N) | >360 |
Combustion Test | Deflagration |
N content (%) | 39.18 |
Ω (%) | −26.15 |
3. Experimental Section
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
- Klapötke, T.M. Chemistry of High-Energy Materials; Walter de Gruyter: Berlin, Germany, 2011; and references cited therein. [Google Scholar]
- Nair, U.R.; Asthana, S.N.; Rao, A.S.; Gandhe, B.R. Advances in high energy materials. Defence Sci. J. 2010, 60, 137–151. [Google Scholar]
- Göbel, M.; Klapötke, T.M. Development and testing of energtic materials: the cooncept of high density based on the trinitroethyl functionality. Adv. Functional Mater. 2009, 19, 347–365. [Google Scholar]
- Badgujar, D.M.; Talawar, M.B.; Asthana, S.N.; Mahulikar, P.P. Advances in science and technology of modern energetic materials: an overview. J. Hazardous Mater. 2008, 151, 289–305. [Google Scholar]
- Rice, B.M.; Byrd, E.F.C.; Mattson, W.D. Computational aspects of nitrogen-rich HEDMs. Struct. Bond. 2007, 125 (High Density Materials), 153–194. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Oestmark, H.; Walin, S.; Goede, P. High energy density materials (HEDM): Overvoew, theory and synthetic efforts at FOI. Central Eur. J. Energetic Mater. 2007, 4, 83–108. [Google Scholar]
- Urbanski, T. Chemie und Technologie der Explosivstoffe; DVFG: Leipzig, Germany, 1984. [Google Scholar]
- Merz, V.; Zetter, G. Ueber einige Derivate des Resorcins und Orcins. Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges. 1879, 12, 2035–2049. [Google Scholar]
- Wallace, J.S. Chemical Analysis of Firearms, Ammunition and Gunshot Residue; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, USA, 2008. [Google Scholar]
- Bley, U.; Hagel, R.; Hoschenko, A.; Lechner, P.S. Anzündsatz. German Patent DE 10 2006 060 146 A1, 21 June 2007.
- Liu, J.-W.; Zhang, J.-G.; Zhang, T.-L.; Zheng, H.; Yu, K.-B. A new hetero-bimetallic coordination polymer, cesium, and sodium complex of styphnate trihydrate [CsNa(TNR)(H2O)3]n. Struct. Chem. 2009, 20, 387–392, and references cited therein. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sheldrick, G.M. SHELXL-97 Program for Crystal Structure Refinement; Universität Göttingen: Göttingen, Germany, 1997. [Google Scholar]
- Sheldrick, G.M. SHELXS-97 Program for Crystal Structure Solution; Universität Göttingen: Göttingen, Germany, 1997. [Google Scholar]
© 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
Share and Cite
Deblitz, R.; Hrib, C.G.; Plenikowski, G.; Edelmann, F.T. Molecular and Crystal Structure of a New High Energy Density Material: Aminoguanidinium-styphnate, [H2NNHC(NH2)2]2[C6HO2(NO2)3]. Crystals 2012, 2, 34-42. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst2010034
Deblitz R, Hrib CG, Plenikowski G, Edelmann FT. Molecular and Crystal Structure of a New High Energy Density Material: Aminoguanidinium-styphnate, [H2NNHC(NH2)2]2[C6HO2(NO2)3]. Crystals. 2012; 2(1):34-42. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst2010034
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeblitz, Raik, Cristian G. Hrib, Georg Plenikowski, and Frank T. Edelmann. 2012. "Molecular and Crystal Structure of a New High Energy Density Material: Aminoguanidinium-styphnate, [H2NNHC(NH2)2]2[C6HO2(NO2)3]" Crystals 2, no. 1: 34-42. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst2010034