Novel Electrospun Polylactic Acid Nanocomposite Fiber Mats with Hybrid Graphene Oxide and Nanohydroxyapatite Reinforcements Having Enhanced Biocompatibility
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation of Graphene Oxide (GO)
2.3. Electrospun Nanofibrous Mats
2.4. Material Characterization
2.5. Water Uptake
2.6. Cell Cultivation and Viability
2.7. Alkaline Phosphatase
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Nanomaterial and Electrospun Fiber Features
3.2. Thermal Behavior
3.3. Tensile Behavior
3.4. Water Absorption
3.5. Cell Cultivation and Proliferation
3.6. Alkaline Phosphatase
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Specimen | Average diameter (nm) | Porosity (%) |
---|---|---|
PLA | 786 ± 189 | 70.52 |
PLA/15%nHA | 563 ± 196 | 74.52 |
PLA/15%nHA-1%GO | 516 ± 206 | 75.58 |
PLA/15%nHA-2%GO | 502 ± 213 | 76.19 |
PLA/15%nHA-3%GO | 412 ± 240 | 77.96 |
Specimen | Tg (°C) | Tcc (°C) | ΔHcc (°C) | Tm (°C) | ΔHm (°C) | Xc (°C) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PLA | 56.2 | 104.4 | 19.7 | 166.8 | 37.8 | 19.5 |
PLA/15%nHA | 56.7 | 102.7 | 17.7 | 166.4 | 24.8 | 21.6 |
PLA/15%nHA-1%GO | 58.1 | 102.9 | 23.9 | 166.7 | 35.3 | 14.6 |
PLA/15%nHA-2%GO | 59.8 | 106.1 | 21.7 | 167.8 | 33.2 | 14.9 |
PLA/15%nHA-3%GO | 62.5 | 112.9 | 27.8 | 169.5 | 31.1 | 4.3 |
Specimen | Elastic modulus (MPa) | Tensile stress (MPa) |
---|---|---|
PLA | 8.58 ± 0.53 | 0.27 ± 0.04 |
PLA/15%nHA | 9.88 ± 0.31 | 0.41 ± 0.05 |
PLA/15%nHA-1%GO | 12.69 ± 0.86 | 0.47 ± 0.03 |
PLA/15%nHA-2%GO | 16.73 ± 0.21 | 0.57 ± 0.04 |
PLA/15%nHA-3%GO | 8.10 ± 0.50 | 0.38 ± 0.03 |
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Liu, C.; Wong, H.M.; Yeung, K.W.K.; Tjong, S.C. Novel Electrospun Polylactic Acid Nanocomposite Fiber Mats with Hybrid Graphene Oxide and Nanohydroxyapatite Reinforcements Having Enhanced Biocompatibility. Polymers 2016, 8, 287. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym8080287
Liu C, Wong HM, Yeung KWK, Tjong SC. Novel Electrospun Polylactic Acid Nanocomposite Fiber Mats with Hybrid Graphene Oxide and Nanohydroxyapatite Reinforcements Having Enhanced Biocompatibility. Polymers. 2016; 8(8):287. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym8080287
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Chen, Hoi Man Wong, Kelvin Wai Kwok Yeung, and Sie Chin Tjong. 2016. "Novel Electrospun Polylactic Acid Nanocomposite Fiber Mats with Hybrid Graphene Oxide and Nanohydroxyapatite Reinforcements Having Enhanced Biocompatibility" Polymers 8, no. 8: 287. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym8080287