Numerical Study on Stratigraphic and Structural Deformation Patterns Considering Surface Load with Pile-Beam-Arch Method Construction
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Project Overview
2.1. Engineering Background
2.2. Introduction to the PBA Method
3. Ground and Structure Deformation Analysis
3.1. Establishment of Numerical Model
3.2. Stratigraphic Deformation Pattern Analysis
3.3. Structural Deformation Pattern Analysis
4. Ground and Structure Deformation Analysis Considering Surface Load
4.1. Ground Deformation Law under Surface Load
4.2. Structure Deformation Law under Surface Load
4.3. Key Measures for Stratigraphic Deformation Control
- Plan 1: 1&4 → 2&3 → 5&8 → 6&7
- Plan 2: 2&3 → 1&4 → 6&7 → 5&8
- Plan 3: 5&8 → 6&7 → 1&4 → 2&3
- Plan 4: 6&7 → 5&8 → 2&3 → 1&4
5. Settlement Prediction Based on Stochastic Medium Theory
5.1. Stochastic Medium Theory Analysis
5.2. Prediction Results Analysis
6. Discussion
7. Conclusions
- (a)
- The construction of subway stations using the PBA method can usually be divided into four stages. The ground deformation mainly occurs in the excavation of the pilot tunnels and the arch installation. For the ground settlement, the settlement in these two stages accounts for 67% and 23.1% of the maximum settlement, respectively; the horizontal displacement of the ground surface in these two stages accounts for 70% and 21% of the maximum horizontal displacement, respectively. The excavation of the pilot tunnels and the arch installation stage are key to ground surface displacement control.
- (b)
- During the construction process, structural deformation is also an important part that cannot be ignored. In stage I, the maximum principal stress is mainly distributed in the footing and arch waist of the pilot tunnels. In the installation stage of the arch, the maximum principal stress is mainly distributed in the primary lining, crown beam, and the part above the column. In the fourth stage, the maximum principal stress is mainly distributed in the middle column part, and the maximum principal stress value reaches 14.203 MPa, and the maximum principal stress increases obviously. In different construction stages, attention should be paid to the possible deformation damage of the key parts and obvious stress concentration and appropriate reinforcement measures should be taken.
- (c)
- When considering the surface load, with the increase in surface load, the ground displacement also increases gradually, and the two are positively correlated and well correlated. In view of the ground deformation law, the excavation plan of “upper first then lower and first side then middle” can effectively reduce the surface settlement. The maximum principal stress of the station structure increases with the increase in the surface load. In addition, tensile stress appears in the bottom plate of the structure, which has a negative impact on the structure and should be considered to strengthen the support.
- (d)
- In the excavation stage of the pilot tunnels, the prediction results of surface displacement based on the stochastic medium theory are large compared with the numerical calculation results, the error size varies for different excavation schemes, and the prediction results are conservative. The results show that there is some significance for the prediction of surface displacement in the construction site.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Items | Elastic Modulus (MPa) | Poisson’s Ratio | Cohesion (kPa) | Internal Friction Angle (°) | Density (kg·m−3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Artificial soil | 23 | 0.3 | 10 | 18 | 1950 |
Pebble bed 1 | 63 | 0.25 | 0.5 | 40 | 2070 |
Pebble bed 2 | 75 | 0.23 | 0.8 | 32 | 2000 |
weathered mudstone and shale | 105 | 0.26 | 0 | 35 | 2150 |
Structures | Bulk Modulus (GPa) | Shear Modulus (GPa) | Density (kg·m−3) |
---|---|---|---|
Pilot tunnels lining | 2300 | 11.1 | 7.14 |
Primary lining | 2300 | 11.1 | 7.14 |
Second lining | 2500 | 19.17 | 12.32 |
Pile | 2500 | 16.7 | 12.5 |
Beam | 2500 | 18.5 | 12 |
Column | 4600 | 19.5 | 14.58 |
Middle plate | 2500 | 19.5 | 14.58 |
Concrete filling | 2440 | 21.67 | 10.83 |
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Zeng, Y.; Bai, Y.; Zou, Y.; Huang, B. Numerical Study on Stratigraphic and Structural Deformation Patterns Considering Surface Load with Pile-Beam-Arch Method Construction. Symmetry 2022, 14, 1892. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14091892
Zeng Y, Bai Y, Zou Y, Huang B. Numerical Study on Stratigraphic and Structural Deformation Patterns Considering Surface Load with Pile-Beam-Arch Method Construction. Symmetry. 2022; 14(9):1892. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14091892
Chicago/Turabian StyleZeng, Yu, Yao Bai, Yu Zou, and Bo Huang. 2022. "Numerical Study on Stratigraphic and Structural Deformation Patterns Considering Surface Load with Pile-Beam-Arch Method Construction" Symmetry 14, no. 9: 1892. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14091892