mHealth App Barriers, Usability, and Personalization: A Cross-Sectional Study from Egypt and Saudi Arabia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Data Collection
2.2.1. Section I
2.2.2. Section II
2.2.3. Section III
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Frequency (%) | |
---|---|---|
Age (years) | 18–25 | 144 (48.2) |
>25 | 155 (51.8) | |
Sex | Women | 179 (59.9) |
Men | 120 (40.1) | |
Country | Egypt | 247 (82.6) |
Saudi Arabia | 52 (17.4) | |
Residence | Rural | 87 (29.1) |
Urban | 212 (70.9) | |
Social status | Single | 171 (49.2) |
Married | 152 (50.8) | |
Education | University or higher | 295 (98.7) |
Elementary | 4 (1.3) | |
Job | Student | 126 (42.1) |
Worker/House maker | 173 (57.9) | |
Income | Hardly sufficient/Insufficient | 152 (50.8) |
Sufficient | 147 (49.2) | |
Smoking | No | 277 (92.6) |
Yes | 22 (7.4) | |
Physical activity | No | 192 (64.2) |
Yes | 107 (35.8) | |
Chronic diseases | No | 226 (75.6) |
Yes | 73 (24.4) | |
Internet use (h/day) | 1–3 | 67 (22.4) |
>3 | 232 (77.6) | |
mHealth app use | No | 217 (72.6) |
Yes | 82 (27.4) |
Factors | Users% | Non-Users% | Model I OR (95% CI) | Model II OR (95% CI) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) * | 18–25 | 30.5 | 54.8 | Ref | Ref |
>25 | 69.5 | 45.2 | 2.77 (1.61, 4.76) | 1.98 (1.11, 3.54) | |
Sex | Women | 53.7 | 62.2 | Ref | Ref |
Men | 46.3 | 37.8 | 1.42 (0.85, 2.38) | 1.22 (0.70, 2.12) | |
Country | Egypt | 62.2 | 90.3 | Ref | Ref |
Saudi Arabia | 37.8 | 9.7 | 5.67 (3.01, 10.69) | 4.33 (2.22, 8.48) | |
Residence | Rural | 14.6 | 34.6 | Ref | Ref |
Urban | 85.5 | 65.4 | 3.08 (1.57, 6.04) | 1.71 (0.80, 3.64) | |
Social status | Single | 46.3 | 61.3 | Ref | Ref |
Married | 53.7 | 38.7 | 1.83 (1.10, 3.06) | 1.01 (0.48, 2.15) | |
Job | Student | 24.4 | 48.8 | Ref | Ref |
Worker/House maker | 75.6 | 51.2 | 2.96 (1.67, 5.24) | 1.55 (0.59, 4.10) | |
Income | Hardly sufficient/Insufficient | 36.6 | 56.2 | Ref | Ref |
Sufficient | 63.4 | 43.8 | 2.23 (1.32, 3.76) | 1.63 (0.93, 2.86) | |
Smoking | No | 78.8 | 94.5 | Ref | Ref |
Yes | 12.2 | 5.5 | 2.37 (0.98, 5.73) | 1.28 (0.45, 3.65) | |
Physical activity | No | 48.8 | 70.0 | Ref | Ref |
Yes | 51.2 | 30.0 | 2.46 (1.46, 4.14) | 2.53 (1.44, 4.44) | |
Chronic diseases | No | 73.2 | 76.5 | Ref | Ref |
Yes | 26.8 | 23.5 | 1.19 (0.67, 2.13) | 1.06 (0.56, 1.99) | |
Internet use (hours/day) ** | 1–3 | 19.5 | 23.5 | Ref | Ref |
> 3 | 80.5 | 76.5 | 1.27 (0.68, 2.38) | 1.35 (0.68, 2.71) |
Factors | Usability Mean ± Sd | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 18–25 | 51.5 ± 29.1 | 0.812 |
>25 | 53.1 ± 27.8 | ||
Sex | Women | 48.2 ± 26.7 | 0.126 |
Men | 57.7 ± 29.0 | ||
Country | Egypt | 49.0 ± 27.3 | 0.133 |
Saudi Arabia | 58.6 ± 28.6 | ||
Residence | Rural | 38.4 ± 20.0 | 0.058 |
Urban | 55.0 ± 28.6 | ||
Social status | Single | 53.5 ± 29.0 | 0.784 |
Married | 51.8 ± 27.5 | ||
Job | Student | 55.8 ± 30.1 | 0.561 |
Worker/House maker | 51.6 ± 27.5 | ||
Income | Hardly sufficient/Insufficient | 39.7 ± 24.8 | 0.001 |
Sufficient | 60.0 ± 27.3 | ||
Smoking | No | 50.2 ± 27.4 | 0.035 |
Yes | 70.0 ± 27.4 | ||
Physical activity | No | 57.3 ± 28.4 | 0.135 |
Yes | 48.1 ± 27.2 | ||
Chronic diseases | No | 48.6 ± 27.5 | 0.030 |
Yes | 63.6 ± 27.0 | ||
Internet use (h/day) | 1–3 | 43.3 ± 28.2 | 0.139 |
> 3 | 54.8 ± 27.7 |
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Arafa, A.; Mostafa, Z.M.; Sheerah, H.A.; Alzahrani, F.; Almuzaini, Y.; Senosy, S.; Hassan, R.I.A. mHealth App Barriers, Usability, and Personalization: A Cross-Sectional Study from Egypt and Saudi Arabia. J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12, 2038. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12122038
Arafa A, Mostafa ZM, Sheerah HA, Alzahrani F, Almuzaini Y, Senosy S, Hassan RIA. mHealth App Barriers, Usability, and Personalization: A Cross-Sectional Study from Egypt and Saudi Arabia. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2022; 12(12):2038. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12122038
Chicago/Turabian StyleArafa, Ahmed, Zahraa M. Mostafa, Haytham A. Sheerah, Fahad Alzahrani, Yasir Almuzaini, Shaimaa Senosy, and Radwa Ibrahim Ali Hassan. 2022. "mHealth App Barriers, Usability, and Personalization: A Cross-Sectional Study from Egypt and Saudi Arabia" Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 12: 2038. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12122038