Genetic Characterization of Fungi Isolated from the Environmental Swabs collected from a Compounding Center Known to Cause Multistate Meningitis Outbreak in United States Using ITS Sequencing
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Recovery of Fungal Isolates from Environmental Swab Samples using Selective Enrichment Media
2.2. Genetic Diversity of Recovered Fungal Species from Environmental Swabs at the ITS Locus
Species Identified | Swab Sample Analyzed | Sequence Type | % Similarity (bp) | *Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alternaria alternata | ES-24 | rRNA | 100 (246) | KC568287, this study |
Alternaria tenuissima | ES-4 | rRNA | 100 (211) | JX867219, this study |
Aspergillus niger | ES-8 | rRNA | 100 (268) | KC119204, this study |
Aureobasidium proteae | ES-13 | rRNA | 100 (229) | JN712490, this study |
Aureobasidium pullulans | ES-22 | rRNA | 100 (221) | AY139394, this study |
Chaetomium globosum | ES-9 | rRNA | 100 (210) | JX406510, this study |
Chaetomium globosum | ES-18 | rRNA | 100 (256) | AY429056, this study |
Chaetomium globosum | ES-19 | rRNA | 100 (256) | AY429056, this study |
Chaetomium globosum | ES-20 | rRNA | 100 (256) | AY429056, this study |
Cryptococcus saitoi | ES-25 | rRNA | 100 (245) | KC254024, this study |
Filobasidium capsuligenum | ES-16 | rRNA | 100 (214) | EF532832, this study |
Leptosphaerulina chartarum | ES-5 | rRNA | 100 (299) | JX442978, this study |
Leptosphaerulina chartarum | ES-21 | rRNA | 100 (291) | EU272493, this study |
Mucor racemosus | ES-10 | rRNA | 100 (290) | AY213660, this study |
Mucor racemosus | ES-11 | rRNA | 100 (290) | AY213660, this study |
Mucor racemosus | ES-12 | rRNA | 100 (290) | AY213660, this study |
Mucor racemosus | ES-23 | rRNA | 99 (289) | AY213660, this study |
Mucor velutinosus | ES-1 | rRNA | 100 (279) | JX120704, this study |
Mucor velutinosus | ES-2 | rRNA | 100 (279) | JX120704, this study |
Mucor velutinosus | ES-3 | rRNA | 100 (279) | JX120704, this study |
Penicillium chrysogenum | ES-6 | rRNA | 100 (211) | JF807949, this study |
Penicillium chrysogenum | ES-7 | rRNA | 100 (211) | JF807949, this study |
Rhizomucor variabilis | ES-17 | rRNA | 100 (253) | JF904893, this study |
Rhizopus oryzae | ES-14 | rRNA | 100 (239) | JN227043, this study |
Rhodotorula glutinis | ES-26 | rRNA | 100 (220) | JQ993380, this study |
2.3. DNA Sequencing of ITS region in Molecular Typing of Human-pathogenic Microorganisms
2.4. Public Health Significance of the Presence of Fungi in Environment
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Environmental Swab Sample Characterization and Recovery of Fungal Isolates
3.2. DNA Extraction
3.3. PCR Amplification
3.4. DNA Sequencing
3.5. Data Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sulaiman, I.M.; Jacobs, E.; Simpson, S.; Kerdahi, K. Genetic Characterization of Fungi Isolated from the Environmental Swabs collected from a Compounding Center Known to Cause Multistate Meningitis Outbreak in United States Using ITS Sequencing. Pathogens 2014, 3, 732-742. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens3030732
Sulaiman IM, Jacobs E, Simpson S, Kerdahi K. Genetic Characterization of Fungi Isolated from the Environmental Swabs collected from a Compounding Center Known to Cause Multistate Meningitis Outbreak in United States Using ITS Sequencing. Pathogens. 2014; 3(3):732-742. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens3030732
Chicago/Turabian StyleSulaiman, Irshad M., Emily Jacobs, Steven Simpson, and Khalil Kerdahi. 2014. "Genetic Characterization of Fungi Isolated from the Environmental Swabs collected from a Compounding Center Known to Cause Multistate Meningitis Outbreak in United States Using ITS Sequencing" Pathogens 3, no. 3: 732-742. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens3030732