Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BPL1™ and Its Lipoteichoic Acid Modulate Longevity and Improve Age/Stress-Related Behaviors in Caenorhabditis elegans
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. C. elegans Strains and Maintenance Conditions
2.2. Bacterial Strains and Culture Conditions
2.3. Preparation of LTA from BPL1™
2.4. Fat Reduction Assays
2.5. Lifespan Assays
2.6. Oxidative Stress Assay
2.7. Infection Assays
2.8. Gut Barrier Integrity
2.9. DAF-16 Nuclear Translocation
2.10. Behavioral Assays
2.10.1. Avoidance Behavior
2.10.2. Reduction in Stress
2.11. Paralysis Assays (Alzheimer’s Disease C. elegans Model)
2.12. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Fat Reduction Effect of BPL1™, Heat-Treated BPL1™ and LTA from BPL1™ Requires the Insulin-like Signaling Pathway (IGF-1) and Not the MAPK Pathway in C. elegans
3.2. BPL1™, Heat-Treated BPL1™ and LTA from BPL1™ Prolong Lifespan via IGF-1 and Protect against Age-Related Phenotypes in C. elegans
3.3. BPL1™, Heat-Treated BPL1™ and LTA from BPL1™ Exert Protective Effect against Pathogen Infection
3.4. BPL1™, Heat-Treated BPL1™ and Its LTA Improve C. elegans Anxiety and Stress-Related Behaviors and Had Positive Effect on C. elegans Alzheimer’s Model
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
6. Patents
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Strain | Treatment | Worms (n) | Mid Lifespan (Days) | Final Lifespan (Days) | Log Rank χ2 | ρ-Value | Significance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N2 (wild-type) | E. coli OP50 | 200 | 12 | 22 | |||
BPL1 | 200 | 13 | 25 | 36.6 | <0.0001 | **** | |
daf-16(mgDf50) | E. coli OP50 | 200 | 13 | 22 | |||
BPL1 | 200 | 13 | 23 | 0.04417 | 0.83 | NS | |
daf-2(e1370) | E. coli OP50 | 200 | 26 | 53 | |||
BPL1 | 200 | 26 | 54 | 0.666 | 0.4145 | NS | |
pmk-1(km25) | E. coli OP50 | 200 | 13 | 22 | |||
BPL1 | 200 | 15 | 27 | 55.26 | <0.0001 | **** | |
jnk-1(gk7) | E. coli OP50 | 200 | 10 | 20 | |||
BPL1 | 200 | 13 | 22 | 82.25 | <0.0001 | **** | |
N2 (wild-type) | E. coli OP50 | 100 | 15 | 23 | |||
BPL1 HT | 100 | 16 | 26 | 9.152 | 0.0025 | ** | |
daf-16(mgDf50) | E. coli OP50 | 100 | 12 | 23 | |||
BPL1 HT | 100 | 12 | 23 | 1.183 | 0.2768 | NS | |
daf-2(e1370) | E. coli OP50 | 100 | 18 | 53 | |||
BPL1 HT | 100 | 19 | 55 | 0.1213 | 0.7276 | NS | |
pmk-1(km25) | E. coli OP50 | 100 | 15 | 23 | |||
BPL1 HT | 100 | 18 | 24 | 9.439 | 0.0021 | ** | |
jnk-1(gk7) | E. coli OP50 | 100 | 13 | 22 | |||
BPL1 HT | 100 | 17 | 23 | 10.94 | 0.0009 | *** | |
N2 (wild-type) | E. coli OP50 | 200 | 12 | 23 | |||
LTA from BPL1 | 200 | 12 | 24 | 6.14 | 0.0132 | * | |
daf-16(mgDf50) | E. coli OP50 | 200 | 13 | 23 | |||
LTA from BPL1 | 200 | 13 | 23 | 0.02458 | 0.76 | NS | |
daf-2(e1370) | E. coli OP50 | 200 | 39 | 58 | |||
LTA from BPL1 | 200 | 36 | 60 | 1.533 | 0.2157 | NS | |
pmk-1(km25) | E. coli OP50 | 200 | 13 | 26 | |||
LTA from BPL1 | 200 | 14 | 27 | 8.368 | 0.0038 | ** | |
jnk-1(gk7) | E. coli OP50 | 200 | 12 | 26 | |||
LTA from BPL1 | 200 | 15 | 27 | 9.251 | 0.0024 | ** |
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Balaguer, F.; Barrena, M.; Enrique, M.; Maicas, M.; Álvarez, B.; Tortajada, M.; Chenoll, E.; Ramón, D.; Martorell, P. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BPL1™ and Its Lipoteichoic Acid Modulate Longevity and Improve Age/Stress-Related Behaviors in Caenorhabditis elegans. Antioxidants 2023, 12, 2107. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12122107
Balaguer F, Barrena M, Enrique M, Maicas M, Álvarez B, Tortajada M, Chenoll E, Ramón D, Martorell P. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BPL1™ and Its Lipoteichoic Acid Modulate Longevity and Improve Age/Stress-Related Behaviors in Caenorhabditis elegans. Antioxidants. 2023; 12(12):2107. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12122107
Chicago/Turabian StyleBalaguer, Ferran, Marta Barrena, María Enrique, Miren Maicas, Beatriz Álvarez, Marta Tortajada, Empar Chenoll, Daniel Ramón, and Patricia Martorell. 2023. "Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BPL1™ and Its Lipoteichoic Acid Modulate Longevity and Improve Age/Stress-Related Behaviors in Caenorhabditis elegans" Antioxidants 12, no. 12: 2107. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12122107